scholarly journals Tobacco and nicotine exposure prevention in pregnancy: a priority to improve perinatal and maternal outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Jorge E. Tolosa ◽  
Ashley Scherman ◽  
David M. Stamilio ◽  
Cindy T. McEvoy
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Exposure Prevention ◽  
A Priority ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Gesondheidsvoorligting by swanger vroue

Curationis ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Bester
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Antenatal Services ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Masters Degree

Health education and information in pregnancy must be a priority, despite the lack of instruments to evaluate the effectiveness of the education and the fact that positive results cannot be guaranteed. During research done for a Masters degree on the utilization of antenatal services by high risk primigravidae at the Tygerberg hospital, patients were interviewed on various aspects that are important during pregnancy, like family planning, breastfeeding, smoking and danger signs that may occur during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Glanzmann thrombasthenia in pregnancy: Optimising maternal and fetal outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Wijemanne ◽  
I Watt-Coote ◽  
S Austin
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Haemorrhage ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a rare autosomal recessive haemorrhagic disorder. The risks of miscarriage, antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage, and neonatal complications are all increased in individuals presenting with the disease in pregnancy. Some individuals may develop antibodies to platelet glycoproteins; the presence of these antibodies is a rare cause of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and potential intracranial haemorrhage. Multidisciplinary care is paramount for ensuring optimal fetal and maternal outcomes in such cases. We report a case of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia secondary to maternal Glanzmann thrombasthenia in pregnancy.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FETO-MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID -19 INFECTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Gulshan Bano ◽  
Anubha Prashad ◽  
Rakhee Soni ◽  
Mohammed Mishal
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background and objectives:-COVID-19 is ongoing pandemic, caused by novel Corona Virus. There is very scarce information is available about clinical features and feto-maternal outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnancy. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine clinical characteristics and feto-maternal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods- In this retrospective study, we included all pregnant women admitted with COVID-19 over three months. Clinical features, laboratory ndings and feto-maternal outcomes were assessed.Results:-The mean age of the patients was 24 years. Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy was most common associated co-morbidity. Majority of patients (81%) were asymptomatic. Lymphocytopenia was seen in 58% of the patients and 47% had elevated levels of CRP. All patients who presented in rst trimester had spontaneous abortion. There is relatively higher rate of preterm birth (21%) and cesarean delivery(43%). All the neonates were tested negative for COVID-19. Conclusion;- There is relatively higher rate of cesarean delivery. Overall feto-maternal outcome was good and there was no evidence of vertical transmission.

Birthweight and Chemotherapy Exposure in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer during Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor S. Freret ◽  
Pedro Exman ◽  
Erica L. Mayer ◽  
Sarah E. Little ◽  
Katherine E. Economy
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Chemotherapy Regimen ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cancer In Pregnancy ◽  
Lower Birthweight ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in pregnancy and is commonly treated with chemotherapy. To date, studies examining effects of chemotherapy during pregnancy on fetal growth have yielded conflicting results, and most are limited by small sample sizes or are nonspecific with respect to cytotoxic regimen or type of cancer treated. We sought to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy for breast cancer in pregnancy on birthweight and small for gestational age infants. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of 74 women diagnosed with pathologically confirmed breast cancer during pregnancy between 1997 and 2018 at one of three academic medical centers, who had a singleton birth with known birthweight. Forty-nine received chemotherapy and 25 did not receive chemotherapy. Linear regression modeling was used to compare birthweight (by gestational age and sex-specific z-score) by chemotherapy exposure. Subanalyses of specific chemotherapy regimen and duration of chemotherapy exposure were also performed. Placental, neonatal, and maternal outcomes were also analyzed by chemotherapy exposure. Results In the adjusted model, chemotherapy exposure was associated with lower birthweight (∆ z-score =  − 0.49, p = 0.03), but similar rates of small for gestational age (defined as birthweight <10th percentile for gestational age) infants (8.2 vs. 8.0%, p = 1.0; Fisher’s exact test). Each additional week of chemotherapy (∆ z-score =  − 0.05, p = 0.03) was associated with decreased birthweight, although no association was found with specific chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy exposure was associated with lower median placental weight percentile by gestational age (9th vs. 75th, p < 0.05). Secondary maternal outcomes were similar between the group that did and did not receive chemotherapy. Conclusion Chemotherapy for breast cancer in pregnancy in this cohort is associated with lower birthweight but no difference in the rate of small for gestational age infants. Key Points

scholarly journals Sleep disorders in pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Bourjeily
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Outcomes Management ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep complaints are a common occurrence in pregnancy that are in part due to pregnancy-associated anatomic and physiological changes but may also be due to pathological causes. In the non-pregnant population, sleep deprivation has been associated with physical and cognitive issues; poor sleep may even be associated with adverse maternal outcomes. Maternal obesity, one of the most prevalent risk factors in obstetric practices, together with physiologic changes of pregnancy predispose to the development of sleep disordered breathing. Symptoms of sleep disordered breathing have also been associated with poor maternal outcomes. Management options of restless legs syndrome and narcolepsy pose a challenge in pregnancy; benefits of therapy need to be weighed against the potential harm to the fetus. This article briefly reviews the normal changes in pregnancy affecting sleep, gives an overview of certain sleep disorders occurring in pregnancy, and suggests management options specific for this population.

scholarly journals Nicotine and Its Downstream Metabolites in Maternal and Cord Sera: Biomarkers of Prenatal Smoking Exposure Associated with Offspring DNA Methylation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9552
Author(s):  
Parnian Kheirkhah Rahimabad ◽  
Thilani M. Anthony ◽  
A. Daniel Jones ◽  
Shakiba Eslamimehr ◽  
Nandini Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Prenatal Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Prenatal Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Nicotine ◽  
In Pregnancy

Nicotine is a major constituent of cigarette smoke. Its primary metabolite in maternal and cord sera, cotinine, is considered a biomarker of prenatal smoking. Nicotine and cotinine half-lives are decreased in pregnancy due to their increased rate of metabolism and conversion to downstream metabolites such as norcotinine and 3-hydroxycotinine. Hence, downstream metabolites of nicotine may provide informative biomarkers of prenatal smoking. In this study of three generations (F0-mothers, F1-offspring who became mothers, and F2-offspring), we present a biochemical assessment of prenatal smoking exposure based on maternal and cord sera levels of nicotine, cotinine, norcotinine, and 3-hydroxycotinine. As potential markers of early effects of prenatal smoking, associations with differential DNA methylation (DNAm) in the F1- and F2-offspring were assessed. All metabolites in maternal and cord sera were associated with self-reported prenatal smoking, except for nicotine. We compared maternal self-report of smoking in pregnancy to biochemical evidence of prenatal smoking exposure. Self-report of F0-mothers of F1 in 1989–1990 had more accuracy identifying prenatal smoking related to maternal metabolites in maternal serum (sensitivity = 94.6%, specificity = 86.9%) compared to self-reports of F1-mothers of F2 (2010–2016) associated with cord serum markers (sensitivity = 66.7%, specificity = 78.8%). Nicotine levels in sera showed no significant association with any DNAm site previously linked to maternal smoking. Its downstream metabolites, however, were associated with DNAm sites located on the MYO1G, AHRR, and GFI1 genes. In conclusion, cotinine, norcotinine, and 3-hydroxycotinine in maternal and cord sera provide informative biomarkers and should be considered when assessing prenatal smoking. The observed association of offspring DNAm with metabolites, except for nicotine, may imply that the toxic effects of prenatal nicotine exposure are exerted by downstream metabolites, rather than nicotine. If differential DNA methylation on the MYO1G, AHRR, and GFI1 genes transmit adverse effects of prenatal nicotine exposure to the child, there is a need to investigate whether preventing changes in DNA methylation by reducing the metabolic rate of nicotine and conversion to harmful metabolites may protect exposed children.

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