Estimation of unmet need for inguinal hernia repair among infants in low-
                        and middle-income countries

Abstract Background In low- and middle-income countries, there is a gap between the need for surgery and its equitable provision, and a lack of proxy indicators to estimate this gap. Sierra Leone is a West African country with close to three million children. It is unknown to what extent the surgical needs of these children are met. Aim To describe a nationwide provision of pediatric surgical procedures and to assess pediatric hernia repair as a proxy indicator for the shortage of surgical care in the pediatric population in Sierra Leone. Methods We analyzed results from a nationwide facility survey in Sierra Leone that collected data on surgical procedures from operation and anesthesia logbooks in all facilities performing surgery. We included data on all patients under the age of 16 years undergoing surgery. Primary outcomes were rate and volume of surgical procedures. We calculated the expected number of inguinal hernia in children and estimated the unmet need for hernia repair. Results In 2012, a total of 2381 pediatric surgical procedures were performed in Sierra Leone. The rate of pediatric surgical procedures was 84 per 100,000 children 0–15 years of age. The most common pediatric surgical procedure was hernia repair (18%), corresponding to a rate of 16 per 100,000 children 0–15 years of age. The estimated unmet need for inguinal hernia repair was 88%. Conclusions The rate of pediatric surgery in Sierra Leone was very low, and inguinal hernia was the single most common procedure noted among children in Sierra Leone.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of postpartum contraceptive use among women in low- and middle-income countries

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-019-0824-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rubee Dev ◽

Pamela Kohler ◽

Molly Feder ◽

Jennifer A. Unger ◽

Nancy F. Woods ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

South Asia ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Unmet Need ◽

South East Asia ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Unmet Need For Contraception ◽

Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Short birth intervals increase risk for adverse maternal and infant outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and infant mortality. Although postpartum family planning (PPFP) is an increasingly high priority for many countries, uptake and need for PPFP varies in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize postpartum contraceptive use, and predictors and barriers to use, among postpartum women in LMIC. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Global Health databases were searched for articles and abstracts published between January 1997 and May 2018. Studies with data on contraceptive uptake through 12 months postpartum in low- and middle-income countries were included. We used random-effects models to compute pooled estimates and confidence intervals of modern contraceptive prevalence rates (mCPR), fertility intentions (birth spacing and birth limiting), and unmet need for contraception in the postpartum period. Results Among 669 studies identified, 90 were selected for full-text review, and 35 met inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were from East Africa, West Africa, and South Asia/South East Asia. The overall pooled mCPR during the postpartum period across all regions was 41.2% (95% CI: 15.7–69.1%), with lower pooled mCPR in West Africa (36.3%; 95% CI: 27.0–45.5%). The pooled prevalence of unmet need was 48.5% (95% CI: 19.1–78.0%) across all regions, and highest in South Asia/South East Asia (59.4, 95% CI: 53.4–65.4%). Perceptions of low pregnancy risk due to breastfeeding and postpartum amenorrhea were commonly associated with lack of contraceptive use and use of male condoms, withdrawal, and abstinence. Women who were not using contraception were also less likely to utilize maternal and child health (MCH) services and reside in urban settings, and be more likely to have a fear of method side effects and receive inadequate FP counseling. In contrast, women who received FP counseling in antenatal and/or postnatal care were more likely to use PPFP. Conclusions PPFP use is low and unmet need for contraception following pregnancy in LMIC is high. Tailored counseling approaches may help overcome misconceptions and meet heterogeneous needs for PPFP.

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A Model of the Unmet Need for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

World Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1007/s00268-016-3637-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 2857-2867 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lucas C. Carlson ◽

Barclay T. Stewart ◽

Kristin W. Hatcher ◽

Charles Kabetu ◽

Richard VanderBurg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Low And Middle Income

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Contraceptive Dynamics Among Women with Disabilities in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review Protocol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1123750/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Getalem Aychew Beyene ◽

Solomon Mekonnen Abebe ◽

Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu ◽

Achenef Asmamaw Muche ◽

Bisrat Misganaw Geremew

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Knowledge Gaps ◽

Women With Disabilities ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Contraceptive Usage ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Low And Middle Income

Abstract Introduction Contraceptive dynamics is the use of contraception, unmet need, discontinuation and/or switching of contraception. Women with disabilities (WWDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a common problem: a low prevalence of contraceptive usage and a high unmet need. Despite the fact that certain studies have been conducted in high-income countries, there is a scarcity of research on the degree of contraceptive method mix, unmet need, contraception discontinuation, and switching among WWDs in LMICs. As a result, the scoping review's goal is to investigate, map available evidence, and identify knowledge gaps on contraceptive dynamics within LMICs WWDs. Methods The scoping review is guided by the six-stage Arksey and O'Malley methodology framework. Published articles will be retrieved from databases such as PubMed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Global Health. Grey literature databases will be searched using electronic search engines such as Google scholar, Google, OpenGrey, and Worldcat. In addition, a manual search of reference lists from recognized studies will be conducted, as well as a hand search of the literature. There will be no restrictions on study design or publication year. Two independent reviewers will screen relevant publications, and data will be charted accordingly. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and reporting guideline will be used to convey the findings of this scoping review. Discussion When compared to non-disabled women, WWDs had a lower prevalence of contraceptive usage and a higher unmet need in LMICs. This indicates a pervasive issue that could compromise the United Nations (UN) General Assembly Convention article 25, which guarantees PWDs access to SRH services, and make the situation difficult to address. Despite these facts, they are the most marginalized people. on the planet. It is critical to map available evidence and identify knowledge gaps in order to do this. As a result, the findings of this scoping review will be significant in terms of the contraceptive dynamic among WWDs in LMICs. Registration: Open Science Framework (OSF), with registration number; DOI/10.17605/OSF.IO/XCKPT.

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