Assessing the impact of driver advisory systems on train driver workload, attention allocation and safety performance

2022 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 103645
Author(s):  
Vera JMP. Verstappen ◽  
Elise N. Pikaar ◽  
Rolf GD. Zon
Keyword(s):  
Safety Performance ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Driver Workload ◽  
Train Driver ◽  
Advisory Systems ◽  
The Impact

Quantitative analysis of the impact of craft worker availability on construction project safety performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Karimi ◽  
Timothy R.B. Taylor ◽  
Paul M. Goodrum ◽  
Cidambi Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Poisson Regression Analysis ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Craft Worker

Purpose This paper aims to quantify the impact of craft worker shortage on construction project safety performance. Design/methodology/approach A database of 50 North American construction projects completed between 2001 and 2014 was compiled by taking information from a research project survey and the Construction Industry Institute Benchmarking and Metrics Database. The t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to determine whether there was a significant difference in construction project safety performance on projects with craft worker recruiting difficulty. Poisson regression analysis was then used to examine the relationship between craft worker recruiting difficulty and Occupational Safety and Health Administration Total Number of Recordable Incident Cases per 200,000 Actual Direct Work Hours (TRIR) on construction projects. Findings The result showed that the TRIR distribution of a group of projects that reported craft worker recruiting difficulty tended to be higher than the TRIR distribution of a group of projects with no craft worker recruiting difficulty (p-value = 0.004). Moreover, the average TRIR of the projects that reported craft worker recruiting difficulty was more than two times the average TRIR of projects that experienced no craft recruiting difficulty (p-value = 0.035). Furthermore, the Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that there was a positive exponential relationship between craft worker recruiting difficulty and TRIR in construction projects (p-value = 0.004). Research limitations/implications The projects used to construct the database are heavily weighted towards industrial construction. Practical implications There have been significant long-term gains in construction safety within the USA. However, if recent craft shortages continue, the quantitative analyses presented herein indicate a strong possibility that more safety incidents will occur unless the shortages are reversed. Innovative construction means and methods should be developed and adopted to work in a safe manner with a less qualified workforce. Originality/value The Poisson regression model is the first model that quantifiably links project craft worker availability to construction project safety performance.

scholarly journals A Novel Melt Cast Composite Booster Formulation Based on DNTF/TNT/GAP-ETPE/Nano-HMX

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Yu ◽  
Hequn Li
Keyword(s):  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Detonation Waves ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Critical Detonation Diameter ◽  
Gap Test ◽  
The Impact

To obtain the melt cast booster explosive formulation with high energy and low critical detonation diameter, melt cast explosives were designed by 3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF)/2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)/glycidyl azide polymer-energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE)/nano-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX)/Aristowax. Furthermore, the impact sensitivity, small scale gap test, rheological properties, propagation reliability, and detonation velocity were measured and analyzed. The results show that when the mass ratio of DNTF/TNT/GAP-ETPE/nano-HMX/Aristowax is 34.2/22.8/2/40/1, not only does it indicate excellent rheological property but it has a brilliant safety performance as well. Moreover, it can propagate the detonation waves successfully in the groove at 0.7 mm × 0.7 mm. When the charge density in the groove is 1.70 g·cm−3, its detonation velocity can reach 7890 m·s−1.

scholarly journals Polycentric governance and policy advice: lessons from Whitehall policy advisory systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-581
Author(s):  
Patrick Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Policy Advice ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Polycentric Governance ◽  
Advisory System ◽  
Policy Advisory Systems ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
Advisory Systems ◽  
Policy Advisory System ◽  
The Impact

In countries worldwide, the provision of policy advice to central governments has been transformed by the deinstitutionalisation of policymaking, which has engaged a diverse range of actors in the policy process. Scholarship should therefore address the impact of deinstitutionalisation in terms of the scope and scale of policy advisory systems, as well as in terms of the influence of policy advisors. This article addresses this gap, presenting a programme of research on policy advice in Whitehall. Building on Craft and Halligan’s conceptualisation of a ‘policy advisory system’, it argues that in an era of polycentric governance, policy advice is shaped by ‘interlocking actors’ beyond government bureaucracy, and that the pluralisation of advisory bodies marginalises the civil service. The implications of such alterations are considered against the backdrop of governance changes, particularly the hybridisation of institutions, which has made policymaking processes complex, prone to unpredictability and at risk of policy blunders.

Research on High Crashworthiness Level Bridge Barrier with Limited Working Width

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 1521-1526
Author(s):  
Shu Ming Yan ◽  
Ning Jia ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Bridge Piers ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Upper Deck ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Wall ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Deck

The distance between barriers of lower deck and bridge piers of upper deck is small in Luotang River Double-Deck Viaduct. And so impact accidents with barriers of lower deck will result in vehicle frontal impact with bridge piers of upper deck, which will cause serious consequences for the main structure of bridge. So it is necessary to design a special barrier for bridge pier protecting. A kind of composite barrier is put forward considering safety performance, landscape, economic and other factors. This barrier adopted impact resistant steel as upper part and reinforced concrete wall as lower part. The barrier safety performance was evaluated by means of computer simulation with simulation models checked through full-scale impact tests results. The analysis results indicate that this barrier can protect bus with impact energy of 520kJ, unit truck with 650kJ and tractor-trailer truck with 894kJ, far higher than the highest impact energy 520kJ in current standards, and the entire performance index can meet standard requirements. It can be sure that during the impact process the deformed barrier and incline-out vehicles cannot collide with bridge piers of upper deck.

The Impact of Social Capital on Construction Safety Climate

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 1251-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Quan Li ◽  
Xiu Yu Wu ◽  
Yue Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The importance of safety climate on safety performance in construction has been highly acknowledged, and the definitions and elements of safety climate have been widely discussed over the years. However, researches about how to improve constructions safety climate have been less focused. The aim of this study was to find the impact of social capital on safety climate. A questionnaire of social capital and safety climate was conducted by 316 employees from 45 construction sites, and an empirical analysis was made by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural model theory (SEM). The results showed that: the cognitive dimension and relational dimension of social capital are significantly positive correlation to safety climate, while the structural dimension is not significant. The findings of this study provide useful information to improve safety climate for construction enterprises.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of integrated management system implementation on safety performance monitoring indices in a tile industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Fallah Madvari ◽  
F Laal ◽  
F Abbasi Balochkhaneh ◽  
K Najafi ◽  
GH Halvani
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Accident Severity ◽  
Yazd City ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Today, organizations need an integrated management system (IMS) to achieve global standards regarding the environment and employees. And one of the important goals of an integrated management system is to eliminate or reduce disasters to an acceptable level of organization. Therefore, in this study, we try to measure the efficiency of deployment of this system on safety performance monitoring indicators. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical study conducted during 2009 and 2010 (years before implementation of integrated management system) and years 2011 to 2014 (years when integrated management system was implemented in all units of one of the tile factories of Yazd city. In this study, all the information related to the events in this industry was collected. Then the variables of accident repetition coefficient (AFR), accident severity factor (ASR), repetition-intensity factor (FSI) and Safe-T-Score were calculated and analyzed. Results: The incidence of recurrence coefficient, accident severity coefficient and recurrence-severity coefficient decreased from 2009 to 2014. The safe T coefficient also shows that in 90 (the beginning of the implementation of integrated management system) and 91 the number of accidents has significantly decreased compared to previous years. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the implementation of integrated management system can increase safety indices and thereby increase the level of factory safety.

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