Performances and limitations of the diffusive approximation of the 2-d shallow water equations for flood simulation in urban and rural areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierfranco Costabile ◽  
Carmelina Costanzo ◽  
Francesco Macchione
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Diffusive Approximation ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

scholarly journals B-flood 1.0: an open-source Saint-Venant model for flash-flood simulation using adaptive refinement

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 7117-7132
Author(s):  
Geoffroy Kirstetter ◽  
Olivier Delestre ◽  
Pierre-Yves Lagrée ◽  
Stéphane Popinet ◽  
Christophe Josserand
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Adaptive Mesh Refinement ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Mesh Refinement ◽  
Adaptive Mesh ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
Analytical Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The French Riviera is very often threatened by flash floods. These hydro-meteorological events, which are fast and violent, have catastrophic consequences on life and property. The development of forecasting tools may help to limit the impacts of these extreme events. Our purpose here is to demonstrate the possibility of using b-flood (a subset of the Basilisk library http://basilisk.fr/, last access: 8 November 2021), which is a 2D tool based on the shallow-water equations and adaptive mesh refinement. The code is first validated using analytical test cases describing different flow regimes. It is then applied to the Toce river valley physical model produced by ENEL-HYDRO in the framework of the CADAM project and on a flash-flood case over the urbanized Toce area produced during the IMPACT project. Finally, b-flood is applied to the flash flood of October 2015 in Cannes in south-eastern France, which demonstrates the feasibility of using software based on the shallow-water equations and mesh refinement for flash-flood simulation in small watersheds (less than 100 km2) and on a predictive computational timescale.

Upscaled shallow water modeling with SW2D-Lemon for urban flood simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Guilherme Caldas Steinstraesser ◽  
Carole Delenne ◽  
Pascal Finaud-Guyot ◽  
Vincent Guinot ◽  
Joseph Luis Kahn Casapia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Graphic User Interface ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Transport Reaction ◽  
Head Losses

<p>We present a new multi-OS platform named SW2D-LEMON (SW2D for Shallow Water 2D) developed by the LEMON research team in Montpellier.</p><p>SW2D-LEMON is a multi-model software focusing on shallow water-based models. It includes an unprecedented collection of upscaled (porosity) models used for shallow water equations and transport-reaction processes. Porosity models are obtained by averaging the two-dimensional shallow water equations over large areas containing both a water and a solid phase. The size of a computational cell can be increased by a factor 10 to 50 compared to a 2D shallow water model, with CPU times reduced by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. Applications include urban flood simulations as well as flows over complex topography. Besides the standard shallow water equations (the default model), several porosity models are included in the platform: (i) Single Porosity, (ii) Dual Integral Porosity, (iii) Depth-dependent Porosity. Various flow processes (friction, head losses, wind, momentum diffusion, precipitation/infiltration) can be included in a modular way by activating specific execution flags.</p><p>Classical input data are required by SW2D-Lemon software: mesh file (several formats available) with elements having an arbitrary number of edges; geometric and hydraulic parameter fields: bathymetry, porosity, Boussinesq/Coriolis momentum distribution coefficient, friction coefficient fields, etc.; initial and boundary conditions (several types available) and forcings (wind, rainfall).</p><p>SW2D can be used in two ways: in command-line mode or via a dedicated graphic user interface (GUI). Both features are available on all Windows, MacOS and Linux operating systems. SW2D is available under three license modes: Academic Research (source code, developer manual and basic configurations are freely available in the framework of a scientific partnership with the LEMON team), Industry and education.</p><p>Various real-world test cases will be presented to illustrate the potential of SW2D and the contribution of porosity based models to urban flood modelling:</p><ul>- Flood simulation on Sacramento city induced by the breach of a dike;</ul><ul>- Marine submersion on Valras Plage;</ul><ul>- Fast rain flood on the Abidjan Riviera district.</ul><p> </p>

scholarly journals An urban pluvial flood simulation model based on diffusive wave approximation of shallow water equations

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boni Su ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Diffusion Wave ◽  
New Model ◽  
Wave Approximation ◽  
Model Based

Abstract Urban floods caused by sudden heavy rainstorms are becoming more frequent and causing serious problems in many cities. Developing methods to simulate urban rainstorm floods is helpful in disaster prevention and mitigation. In this paper, we establish an urban pluvial flood simulation model based on diffusion wave approximation of shallow-water equations. The model takes full account of the characteristics in urban pluvial floods, and includes many improvements in simulation details. These details include building a consideration method, a rainfall consideration method, and so on. A new calculation method of water surface gradient is established, which is suitable for complex topology in urban pluvial flood simulation and can reduce unnecessary simulation error introduced by calculation methods. The accuracy and stability of the model are verified through simple cases with analytical solution and experiments with measured data. The results show that the new model is more accurate than common diffusion wave approximation models. A new treatment to avoid ‘checkerboard oscillation’ is established. In comparison with existing methods, the new method proved to be the best. A proof of concept shows that the new model can deal with complex situations and is helpful for urban drainage system planning.

scholarly journals B-flood 1.0: an open-source Saint-Venant model for flash flood simulation using adaptive refinement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffroy Kirstetter ◽  
Olivier Delestre ◽  
Pierre-Yves Lagrée ◽  
Stéphane Popinet ◽  
Christophe Josserand
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Adaptive Mesh Refinement ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Mesh Refinement ◽  
Adaptive Mesh ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The French Riviera is very often threatened by flash floods. These hydro-meteorological events, which are fast and violent, have catastrophic consequences on life and properties. The development of forecasting tools may help to limit the impacts of these extreme events. Our purpose here is to demonstrate the possibility of using b-flood (a subset of the Basilisk library http://basilisk.fr/) which is a 2D tool based on the shallow water equations and adaptive mesh refinement. The code is first validated on analytical test cases describing different flow regimes. It is then applied on the Toce river valley physical model produced by ENEL-HYDRO in the framework of the CADAM project and on a flash flood case over the urbanized Toce produced during the IMPACT project. Finally, b-flood is applied on the flash flood of October 2015 on Cannes city in south-east France, which demonstrates the feasibility of using a software based on the shallow water equations and mesh refinement for flash flood simulation on small watersheds (less than 100 km2) and on predictive computational time scale.

scholarly journals Integrated 1D-2D model for flood simulation in the Vu Gia-Thu Bon delta

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Giang Song Le ◽  
Hoai Cong Huynh ◽  
Truong Quang Nguyen ◽  
Minh Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Hong Thi My Tran
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Shallow Water Equations ◽  
River System ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flood Simulation ◽  
Saint Venant Equations ◽  
2D Model

This paper presents an integrated model for calculation of flood in the Vu Gia – Thu Bon river system. In this model, the flow in rivers and channels is considered as onedimensional and described by the Saint – Venant equations while the flow on the floodplains is considered as two-dimensional and described by the shallow water equations. All equations are solved by finitevolume method. Roads, railway with conducts on floodplains are also included in the model. The floods in years 1999, 2007, 2009 and 2010 were calculated. The results show that floods in the Vu Gia – Thu Bon delta were simulated in detail with reliable accuracy.

Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

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