Self-reported eating behaviors of military recruits are associated with body mass index at military accession and change during initial military training

Background: Higher subjective social status (SSS) or a person’s perception of their social standing is related to better health outcomes, but few studies examined SSS in relation to obesity. Emotional eating and food addiction have been linked to obesity. Some studies indicated that manipulating SSS may lead to altered food intake, but the relationship between SSS and dysregulated eating, such as emotional eating and food addiction (FA), has not been examined. The goal of this study was to examine the associations between SSS in the community and the larger society, dysregulated eating (emotional eating and FA), and body mass index (BMI) in a majority racial minority sample. Methods: The participants (N = 89; 93% Black, 86% women, and 56% with obesity; 72% income lower than USD 2000), recruited from a publicly funded hospital in Atlanta, GA, completed the MacArthur Scale, Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, PTSD Symptom Checklist, and demographics questionnaire. Results: Twenty-two percent of the sample met the criteria for FA; those with FA had significantly higher BMI than those without (p = 0.018). In the hierarchical linear regression, the SSS community (but not in society) predicted higher severity of emotional eating (β = 0.26, p = 0.029) and FA (β = 0.30, p = 0.029), and higher BMI (β = 0.28, p = 0.046), independent from depression and PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: The findings indicate that, among Black individuals with predominantly low income in the U.S., perceived role in their community is associated with eating patterns and body mass. Given the small sample size, the results should be interpreted with caution.

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The Association of Having a Late Dinner or Bedtime Snack and Skipping Breakfast with Overweight in Japanese Women

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2019/2439571 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chika Okada ◽

Hironori Imano ◽

Isao Muraki ◽

Keiko Yamada ◽

Hiroyasu Iso

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Japanese Women ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Late Evening ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire ◽

Skipping Breakfast

Background. We aimed to assess the association of habitually eating in the late evening and skipping breakfast with the prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methods. A total of 19,687 Japanese women, aged 40–74 years, were asked about their height, weight, and habitual eating behaviors such as having a late dinner and a bedtime snack and skipping breakfast, using a self-administered questionnaire. We defined overweight/obesity as body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2. Results. Among the participants, 11% regularly had a late dinner, 22% had bedtime snacks, and 8% skipped breakfast. After adjusting for age, exercise, smoking, sleep duration, and employment, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of skipping breakfast were 2.47 (2.18–2.81) for having a late dinner and 1.71 (1.53–1.91) for having a bedtime snack. These eating behaviors were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity: the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of obesity/overweight were 1.43 (1.27–1.62) for having a late dinner, 1.47 (1.34–1.62) for having a bedtime snack, and 1.23 (1.06–1.42) for skipping breakfast. Conclusions. Japanese women who consumed late dinners or bedtime snacks were more likely to skip breakfast. Having a late dinner or bedtime snack was associated with a higher probability of overweight/obesity.

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Associations between eating behaviors, diet quality and body mass index among adolescents

Eating Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 101339 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meg Lawless ◽

Lenka H. Shriver ◽

Laurie Wideman ◽

Jessica M. Dollar ◽

Susan D. Calkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Eating Behaviors

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Rural–urban differences in body mass index and obesity-related behaviors among low-income preschoolers

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdaa162 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dawn A Contreras ◽

Tiffany L Martoccio ◽

Holly E Brophy-Herb ◽

Mildred Horodynski ◽

Karen E Peterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Low Income ◽

Screen Time ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

The Usa

Abstract Background With one in eight preschoolers classified as obese in the USA, childhood obesity remains a significant public health issue. This study examined rural–urban differences in low-income preschoolers’ body mass index z-scores (BMIz), eating behaviors, dietary quality, physical activity (PA) and screen time. Methods Pre-intervention data from 572 preschooler-parent dyads participating in a randomized, controlled obesity prevention trial in the Midwest USA were analyzed. We examined the associations among living in rural versus urban areas, child BMIz and child obesity-related behaviors, including eating behaviors, dietary quality, PA and screen time. Results Rural children had higher BMIz, more emotional overeating behaviors and more time spent playing outdoors compared with urban children. We found no associations between children living in rural versus urban areas and dietary quality and screen time. Conclusions The study found that rural–urban differences in BMIz may start as early as 3–4 years of age, if not earlier. To reverse the weight-related health disparities between rural and urban low-income preschoolers, structural changes in rural locations and family supports around coping skills may be needed.

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