The impact of farming practice on soil microorganisms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Crop type versus long-term mineral and organic fertilization

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ngosong ◽  
Mareike Jarosch ◽  
Joachim Raupp ◽  
Elke Neumann ◽  
Liliane Ruess
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Type Versus ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Farming Practice ◽  
Crop Type ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Cooperation among phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, humic acids and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induces soil microbiome shifts and enhances plant nutrient uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Cozzolino ◽  
Hiarhi Monda ◽  
Davide Savy ◽  
Vincenzo Di Meo ◽  
Giovanni Vinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi

Abstract Background Increasing the presence of beneficial soil microorganisms is a promising sustainable alternative to support conventional and organic fertilization and may help to improve crop health and productivity. If the application of single bioeffectors has shown satisfactory results, further improvements may arise by combining multiple beneficial soil microorganisms with natural bioactive molecules. Methods In the present work, we investigated in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions whether inoculation of two phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. (B2) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B3), alone or in combination with a humic acids (HA) extracted from green compost and/or a commercial inoculum (M) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), may affect maize growth and soil microbial community. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting analysis were performed to detect changes in the microbial community composition. Results Plant growth, N and P uptake, and mycorrhizal root colonization were found to be larger in all inoculated treatments than in the uninoculated control. The greatest P uptake was found when B. amyloliquefaciens was applied in combination with both HA and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (B3HAM), and when Pseudomonas was combined with HA (B2HA). The PLFA-based community profile revealed that inoculation changed the microbial community composition. Gram+/Gram− bacteria, AMF/saprotrophic fungi and bacteria/fungi ratios increased in all inoculated treatments. The greatest values for the AMF PLFA marker (C16:1ω5) and AMF/saprotrophic fungi ratio were found for the B3HAM treatment. Permutation test based on DGGE data confirmed a similar trend, with most significant variations in both bacterial and fungal community structures induced by inoculation of B2 or B3 in combination with HA and M, especially in B3HAM. Conclusions The two community-based datasets indicated changes in the soil microbiome of maize induced by inoculation of B2 or B3 alone or when combined with humic acids and mycorrhizal inoculum, leading to positive effects on plant growth and improved nutrient uptake. Our study implies that appropriate and innovative agricultural management, enhancing the potential contribution of beneficial soil microorganisms as AMF, may result in an improved nutrient use efficiency in plants.

Grazing intensity rather than host plant’s palatability shape the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a steppe grassland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maede Faghihinia ◽  
Yi Zou ◽  
Yongfei Bai ◽  
Martin Dudáš ◽  
Rob Marrs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Steppe Grassland

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the predominant type of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and rhizosphere soil of grass species worldwide. Grasslands are currently experiencing increasing grazing pressure, but it is not yet clear how grazing intensity and host plant grazing preference by large herbivores interact with soil- and root-associated AMF communities. Here, we tested whether the diversity and community composition of AMF in the roots and rhizosphere soil of two dominant perennial grasses grazed differently by livestock change in response to grazing intensity. We conducted a study in a long-term field experiment in which seven levels of field-manipulated grazing intensities were maintained for 13 years in a typical steppe grassland in northern China. We extracted DNA from the roots and rhizosphere soil of two dominant grasses, Leymus chinense (Trin.) Tzvel. and Stipa grandis P. Smirn, with contrasting grazing preference by sheep. AMF DNA from root and soil samples were then subjected to molecular analysis. Our results showed that AMF α-diversity (richness) at the virtual taxa (VT) level varied as a function of grazing intensity. Different VTs showed completely different responses along the gradient, one increasing, one decreasing and others showing no response. Glomeraceae was the most abundant AMF family along the grazing gradient, which fits well with the theory of disturbance tolerance of this group. In addition, sheep grazing preference for host plants did not explain a considerable variation in AMF α-diversity. However, the two grass species exhibited different community composition in their roots and rhizosphere soils. Roots exhibited a lower α-diversity and higher β-diversity within the AMF community than soils. Overall, our results suggest that long-term grazing intensity might have changed the abundance of functionally-diverse AMF taxa in favor of those with disturbance-tolerant traits. We suggest our results would be useful in informing the choice of mycorrhizal fungi indicator variables when assessing the impacts of grassland management choices on grassland ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Sunflower response to inoculation with single and mixed species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Agronomic characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Mazen IBRAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The impact of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (<em>Helianthus annuus</em> L.) was evaluated in a pot experiment. The indigenous AMF, including <em>Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae</em>, and <em>Glomus viscosum</em>, were isolated from an agricultural field in which cotton and sunflower plants were grown. The most abundant species (<em>G. viscosum</em>) was multiplied in a monospecific culture. Sunflower plants were inoculated with the mixture of three selected AMF species or solely with <em>G. viscosum</em>. The number of leaves, shoot length, head diameter, above ground biomass, and seeds mass were significantly higher in the plant inoculated with AMF mixture followed by individual inoculation with <em>G. viscosum</em> followed by the control. AMF mixture outperformed the <em>G. viscosumby</em> increasing mycorrhizal dependency and mycorrhizal inoculation effect of sunflower. The results indicate that AMF mixture could be considered as a good inoculum for improving growth and yield of sunflower in sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Impacts of long‐term elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations on communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 3445-3458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Maček ◽  
Dave R. Clark ◽  
Nataša Šibanc ◽  
Gerald Moser ◽  
Dominik Vodnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

scholarly journals Isolation of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi within Young Thalli of the Liverwort Marchantia paleacea

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kobae ◽  
Ryo Ohtomo ◽  
Sho Morimoto ◽  
Daiki Sato ◽  
Tomomi Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Young Thalli ◽  
Marchantia Paleacea ◽  
Do So

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a group of soil microorganisms that establish symbioses with most land plant species. “Root trap culture” generally has been used for isolating a single regenerated spore in order to establish a monospecific, native AMF line. Roots may be co-colonized with multiple AMF species; however, only a small portion of AMF within roots sporulate, and do so only under certain conditions. In this study, we tested whether young thalli (<2 mm) of the liverwort Marchantia paleacea harbour monospecific AMF, and can be used as a vegetative inoculant line. When M. paleacea gemmae were co-cultivated with roots obtained from the field, the young thalli were infected by AMF via rhizoids and formed arbuscules after 18 days post-sowing. Ribosomal DNA sequencing of the AMF-colonized thalli (mycothalli) revealed that they harboured phylogenetically diverse AMF; however, new gemmae sown around transplanted mycothalli showed evidence of colonization from phylogenetically uniform Rhizophagus species. Of note, mycothalli can also be used as an inoculum. These results suggest that the young thalli of M. paleacea can potentially isolate monospecific AMF from field soil in a spore-independent manner.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and transpiratory rate in long-term field cover crop systems from tropical ecosystem, northeastern Brazil

Symbiosis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Sombra Barbosa ◽  
Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza ◽  
Edjane de Oliveira Lucena ◽  
Lucas Jónatan Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Lídia Klestadt Laurindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Tropical Ecosystem ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Impact of long-term conventional and organic farming on the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Oecologia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Oehl ◽  
Ewald Sieverding ◽  
Paul M�der ◽  
David Dubois ◽  
Kurt Ineichen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

scholarly journals Detection of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Roots of Strawberry Plants Fertilized with Organic Bioproducts

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lisek ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Beata Sumorok
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
The Impact

Summary In organic farming, mineral fertilizers are replaced by various preparations to stimulate plant growth and development. Introduction of new biopreparations into horticultural production requires an assessment of their effects on the growth and yielding of plants. Among the important indicators of the impact on plants of beneficial microorganisms contained in bioproducts is determination of their effectiveness in stimulating the growth and yielding of plants. Moreover, confirmation of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the roots and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere is also necessary. In addition to conventional methods, molecular biology techniques are increasingly used to allow detection and identification of AM fungi in plant roots. The aim of this study was identification and initial taxonomic classification of AM fungi in the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants fertilized with various biopreparations using the technique of nested PCR. Tests were performed on DNA obtained from the roots of ‘Elkat’ strawberry plants: not fertilized, treated with 10 different biopreparations, or fertilized with NPK. Amplification of the large subunit of ribosomal gene (LSU rDNA) was carried out using universal primers, and then, in the nested PCR reaction, primers specific for the fungi of the genera Glomus, Acaulospora, and Scutellospora were used. Colonization of strawberry roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was determined on the basis of the presence of DNA fragments of a size corresponding to the types of the fungi tested for. As a result of the analyses, the most reaction products characterizing AM fungi were found in the roots of plants treated with the preparation Florovit Eko. The least fragments characteristic of AM fungi were detected in the roots of plants fertilized with NPK, which confirms the negative impact of mineral fertilizers on the occurrence of mycorrhizal fungi in the roots of strawberry plants. The roots of plants fertilized with Tytanit differed from the control plants by the presence of one of the clusters of fungi of the genus Glomus and by the absence of a cluster of fungi of the genus Scutellospora. In the roots of plants treated with other biopreparations there were reaction products indicating the presence of fungi of the genera Glomus, Scutellospora and Acaulospora, like in the roots of the control plants. The results will be used to assess the suitability of microbiologically enriched biopreparations in horticultural production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document