Change of ergosterol content after inorganic N fertilizer application does not affect short-term C and N mineralization patterns in a grassland soil

The recycling of poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) manure (PM) needs to be done in a manner that will not only improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties but also minimize environmental risks. Untreated PM is more difficult to handle and more expensive to apply than granular fertilizers; the application of PM in the form of tablets may be a suitable alternative. It is necessary to determine whether C and N mineralization in tabletized PM (T-PM) differs from non-tabletized PM (NT-PM). Net C and N mineralization from a Brandon loam soil (Typic Endoaquoll) amended with NT-PM and T-PM, were measured in an incubation study at 25 °C. After 60 d of incubation, about 62 and 77% of total PM carbon was mineralized in NT-PM and T-PM amended soils, respectively. Carbon mineralization was not stimulated by the addition of PM tablets containing NPK to soil, while in soils mixed with NT-PM + NPK, soil respiration was reduced. Net N mineralization was similar in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, although changes in ammonium (NH4+–N) concentrations during incubation differed. Generally more NH4+–N accumulated in soil amended with T-PM and T-PM + NPK than with NT-PM and NT-PM + NPK The concentrations of nitrate (NO3−–N) did not differ in soils amended with T-PM and NT-PM, indicating a reduction in nitrification and NH4+–N accumulation in soils amended with PM tablets. Key words: Poultry manure, tablets, carbon mineralization, nitrogen mineralization, organic fertilizer

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Enzymatic activity and mineralization of carbon and nitrogen in soil cultivated with coffee and green manures

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832010000500010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 1573-1583 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Elcio Liborio Balota ◽

Julio César Dias Chaves

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Leucaena Leucocephala ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Urease Activity ◽

Tree Canopy ◽

C And N Mineralization ◽

Legume Cover Crops ◽

C And N ◽

Coffee Plants

There are great concerns about degradation of agricultural soils. It has been suggested that cultivating different plant species intercropped with coffee plants can increase microbial diversity and enhance soil sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate enzyme activity (urease, arylsulfatase and phosphatase) and alterations in C and N mineralization rates as related to different legume cover crops planted between rows of coffee plants. Soil samples were collected in a field experiment conducted for 10 years in a sandy soil in the North of Paraná State, Brazil. Samples were collected from the 0-10 cm layer, both from under the tree canopy and in-between rows in the following treatments: control, Leucaena leucocephala, Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria breviflora, Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna deeringiana, Arachis hypogaea and Vigna unguiculata. The soil was sampled in four stages of legume cover crops: pre-planting (September), after planting (November), flowering stage (February) and after plant residue incorporation (April), from 1997 to 1999. The green manure species influenced soil enzyme activity (urease, arylsulfatase and phosphatase) and C and N mineralization rates, both under the tree canopy and in-between rows. Cultivation of Leucaena leucocephala increased acid phosphatase and arilsulfatase activity and C and N mineralization both under the tree canopy and in-between rows. Intercropped L. leucocephala increased urease activity under the tree canopy while C. breviflora increased urease activity in-between rows.

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Effects of Combined Application of Cow Manure And Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Black Rice

Akta Agrosia ◽

10.31186/aa.21.2.27-32 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

Marwanto Marwanto ◽

Nasiroh Nasiroh ◽

Bambang G. Mucitro ◽

Merakati Handajaningsih

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

N Uptake ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Root Weight ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Black Rice ◽

Inorganic N ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Shoot Weight

The beneficial effects of manure on soil properties, growth, and crop productivity have promoted its use for replacing the application of N fertilizer. However, it is not well understood to what extent N fertilizer was able to be substituted by cow manure. Accordingly, this pot experiment aimed to compare the effect of inorganic N fertilizer application alone with that of the combined use of inorganic N fertilizer with cow manure based on the same amount of total N on growth parameters, yield attributes, and nitrogen (N) uptake of black rice. The experiment was conducted under a screen house condition in Agriculture Faculty, Bengkulu University located at 15 meters altitude above sea level during the summer season of 2015. There were six treatments viz. T1 = 100% N from urea + 0% N from cow manure (0.52 g N + 0.00 g cow manure) pot-1, T2 = 80% N from urea + 20% N from cow manure (0.42 g N + 9.55 g cow manure) pot-1, T3 = 60% N from urea + 40% N from cow manure (0.31 g N + 19.10 g cow manure) pot-1, T4 = 40% N from urea + 60% N from cow manure (0.21 g N + 28.65 g cow manure) pot-1, T5 = 20% N from urea + 80% N from cow manure (0.10 g N+ 38.20 g cow manure) pot-1, and T6 = 0% N from urea + 100% N from cow manure (0.00 g N + 47.75 g cow manure) pot-1. The amount of inorganic N fertilizer in the form of urea and cow manure applied was calculated based on the recommended rate of 115.00 kg ha-1 for N fertilizer and 10.50 ton ha-1 for cow manure. These treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design and repeated three times. The results showed that the treatments significantly (P ?0.005) affected growth parameters as measured by plant height, the number of leaves, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry shoot weight, dry root weight, yield attributes as determined by the total number of tillers, the total number productive tillers, grain yield per pot, and N uptake. The highest values for all these variables were obtained in the treatment receiving recommended rate of urea only (100% N from urea + 0% N from cow manure as equivalence) and the lowest in the treatment receiving a100% N from cow manure (0% N from urea + 100% N from cow manure). However, combined treatments of cow manure and inorganic N fertilizer such as 80% N from urea + 20% N from cow manure, 60% N from urea + 40% N from cow manure 40% N from urea + 60% N from cow manure showed a parity statistically with the treatment receiving 100% N from urea only in maintaining the values for all these variables. Overall, the combined use of inorganic N fertilizer (urea) and cow manure as an equivalence promoted growth and yield of black rice by improving N uptake. Keywords: integrated nutrient management, soil chemical property, Nitrogen uptake, combined fertilizer application, black rice

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C and N mineralization in sandy and loamy grassland soils: The role of microbes and microfauna

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0038-0717(94)90099-x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 1565-1571 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

J. Hassink ◽

A.M. Neutel ◽

P.C. De ruiter

Keyword(s):

N Mineralization ◽

Grassland Soils ◽

C And N Mineralization ◽

C And N

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Temperature effects on C- and N-mineralization from vegetable crop residues

Progress in Nitrogen Cycling Studies ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-5450-5_8 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 41-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. De Neve ◽

J. Pannier ◽

G. Hofman

Keyword(s):

Temperature Effects ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

C And N Mineralization ◽

C And N

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Relationships between soil texture, physical protection of organic matter, soil biota, and C and N mineralization in grassland soils

Soil Structure/Soil Biota Interrelationships ◽

10.1016/b978-0-444-81490-6.50059-5 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 105-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Hassink ◽

L.A. Bouwman ◽

K.B. Zwart ◽

J. Bloem ◽

L. Brussaard

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Texture ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Soil Biota ◽

Grassland Soils ◽

Physical Protection ◽

C And N Mineralization ◽

C And N

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Nitrogen mineralization in soil from perennial grassland measured through long-term laboratory incubations

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859602002022 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 138 (3) ◽

pp. 301-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. COLLINS ◽

D. W. ALLINSON

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Nitrogen Mineralization ◽

N Mineralization ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Soil Samples ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Mineralization Potential ◽

Perennial Grassland ◽

N Mineralization Potential

Under perennial grasslands, nitrogen contained in organic matter becomes available at varying rates via mineralization throughout the growing season. The amount of N present at any given time indicates only the quantity immediately present, and does not include N which has already been removed either by leaching or uptake into the plant system, nor the N which will become available as organic matter breaks down over time. Long-term aerobic laboratory incubation methods have been used successfully to estimate potential N mineralization under various cropping conditions. They had not been used successfully, however, to estimate potential N availability under perennial grassland.In this research, soil samples from two long-term perennial grassland sites were taken before and after N fertilizer application at rates of 0, 175, 350 and 525 kg/ha. The soils were incubated in the laboratory at 35 °C and were eluted at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 22 and 30-week intervals, the length of time prescribed for determining N mineralization potential. Because a plateau had not been reached, incubation was allowed to continue for 198 weeks and 148 weeks for the pre- and post-N samples, respectively. Total N was high, as was soil organic matter in both sets of soil samples. Nitrogen mineralization potential was underestimated after 30 weeks of incubation, and overestimated after 148 weeks. The closest agreement between N measured and the estimated N mineralization potential, came after 198 weeks of incubation. This study confirmed the high N-supplying capacity of soil under long-term perennial grasslands. It also indicated that the recommended 30-week period needed to estimate N mineralization potential under other cropping systems was insufficient for a perennial grassland soil. Cumulative differences in N mineralization were found with varying rates of N fertilizer application, but these differences were rarely seen on an individual weekly basis, nor were they significant at the termination of the experiment. The response to N application differed by site.

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