Effects of music therapy on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: There are over 100 different forms of dementia which is a broad term employed to describe symptoms effecting the brain caused by neurological and vascular diseases. It is a neurological disease that results in a decline in cognitive, social and physical disability which currently has no cure. The prevalence is expected to triple by 2050, due to the aging population trends in Canada. It has been estimated that 24.3 million people have dementia, and there are 4.6 million new cases annually, which accounts for one case every 3 seconds globally. Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of music therapy on behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia and the quality of life. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in Ovid Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO from January 2000 until August 2019. A data abstraction template was employed to for data management and organization. We included all peer reviewed, English articles, RCT’s, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, abstract pool and all or some key words. Results: From 968 potentially relevant records, 55 studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 20 met the inclusion criteria. Overall the studies showed a significant impact on mitigating agitation, reducing BPSD and improving memory, cognition, QOL and decreasing anxiety and symptoms associated with depression. Conclusion: The role of musical interventions found in the literature demonstrates the benefits of music therapy on dementia patients due to its positive effects on BPSD, quality of life and other behavioral symptoms.

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Herbal Medicine for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.713287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Chan-Young Kwon ◽

Boram Lee

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Herbal Medicine ◽

Global Health ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Complementary Therapy ◽

Health Concern ◽

Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Background: Dementia is a global health concern, causing serious health and socioeconomic burdens with population aging. The associated symptoms of dementia, called behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), are factors contributing to the socioeconomic burden of dementia. Recently, herbal medicine (HM) has attracted attention as a potential complementary therapy for BPSD. Therefore, this systematic review was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness (or efficacy), safety, and research status of HM in BPSD management through a comprehensive review.Methods: Thirteen electronic databases were searched comprehensively. Related clinical studies published until December 28, 2020, were collected. The methodological quality was evaluated using tools such as the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool according to the study design. The effectiveness (or efficacy) was analyzed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, and when sufficient homogeneity was assured, effect estimates were presented as mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR), with 95% confidence interval (CIs), through a meta-analysis.Results: A total of 52 clinical studies, including 36 RCTs, were included in this review. As an adjunctive therapy, HM showed statistically significant benefits in BPSD severity assessed by the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale (combined with psychotropic drugs: MD = −3.48, 95% CI: −3.96 to −2.99; with anti-dementia drugs: MD = −2.81, 95% CI: −3.17 to −2.45) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (with anti-dementia drugs: MD = −3.23, 95% CI: −4.06 to −2.40). Adverse events were significantly less frequent in the HM group (RR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.88). However, the methodological quality of the RCTs included in this systematic review was not optimal overall.Conclusion: According to the findings of this review, HM may be associated with additional benefits in BPSD treatment, particularly when used as an adjunct to conventional medications, including psychotropic and anti-dementia drugs. However, considering the methodological quality of the included RCTs, this clinical evidence is not robust. Nevertheless, dementia is a global health concern, and considering the limitations of conventional psychotropic drugs for BPSD, a major cause of the disease burden, HM appears to be a promising complementary therapy that warrants further research.

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Exercise training for managing behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ageing Research Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.arr.2015.09.001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 274-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Philipe de Souto Barreto ◽

Laurent Demougeot ◽

Fabien Pillard ◽

Maryse Lapeyre-Mestre ◽

Yves Rolland

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

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A systematic review of the relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) and caregiver well-being

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610216000922 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (11) ◽

pp. 1761-1774 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Alexandra Feast ◽

Esme Moniz-Cook ◽

Charlotte Stoner ◽

Georgina Charlesworth ◽

Martin Orrell

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact ◽

Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground:Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are important predictors of institutionalization as well as caregiver burden and depression. Previous reviews have tended to group BPSD as one category with little focus on the role of the individual symptoms. This review investigates the role of the individual symptoms of BPSD in relation to the impact on different measures of family caregiver well-being.Methods:Systematic review and meta-analysis of papers published in English between 1980 and December 2015 reporting which BPSD affect caregiver well-being. Paper quality was appraised using the Downs and Black Checklist (1998).Results:Forty medium and high quality quantitative papers met the inclusion criteria, 16 were suitable to be included in a meta-analysis of mean distress scores. Depressive behaviors were the most distressing for caregivers followed by agitation/aggression and apathy. Euphoria was the least distressing. Correlation coefficients between mean total behavior scores and mean distress scores were pooled for four studies. Irritability, aberrant motor behavior and delusions were the most strongly correlated to distress, disinhibition was the least correlated.Conclusions:The evidence is not conclusive as to whether some BPSD impact caregiver well-being more than others. Studies which validly examined BPSD individually were limited, and the included studies used numerous measures of BPSD and numerous measures of caregiver well-being. Future research may benefit from a consistent measure of BPSD, examining BPSD individually, and by examining the causal mechanisms by which BPSD impact well-being by including caregiver variables so that interventions can be designed to target BPSD more effectively.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Carer Focused and Dyadic Multicomponent Interventions for Carers of People With Dementia

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264316660414 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (8) ◽

pp. 1308-1349 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Kate Laver ◽

Rachel Milte ◽

Suzanne Dyer ◽

Maria Crotty

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Person With Dementia ◽

Multicomponent Interventions ◽

Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two approaches: multicomponent interventions that focus on working with the carer and dyadic interventions that work with both the carer and the person with dementia. Method: A systematic review involving a search of Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO in October 2015 was performed. Randomized controlled trials involving carers of people with dementia and comparing multicomponent interventions with usual care were included. Results: Pooling of all studies demonstrated that multicomponent interventions can reduce depressive symptoms, improve quality of life, reduce carer impact, and reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia as well as caregiver upset with these symptoms. We were unable to find a significant difference in the effects of dyadic interventions in comparison with carer focused interventions for these outcomes. Discussion: Although effect sizes associated with intervention are small, multicomponent interventions are relatively inexpensive to deliver, acceptable, and widely applicable.

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