scholarly journals Computed Tomography–Based Three-Dimensional Analyses Show Similarities in Anterosuperior Acetabular Coverage Between Acetabular Dysplasia and Borderline Dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2623-2632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Irie ◽  
Alejandro A. Espinoza Orías ◽  
Tomoyo Y. Irie ◽  
Shane J. Nho ◽  
Daisuke Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acetabular Coverage

scholarly journals BORDERLINE ACETABULAR DYSPLASIA: THREE-DIMENSIONAL DEFORMITY PREDICTORS OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF SYMPTOMATIC INSTABILITY TREATED WITH PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0016
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Graesser ◽  
Maria Schwabe ◽  
Cecilia Pascual Garrido ◽  
John C. Clohisy ◽  
Jeffrey J. Nepple
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acetabular Coverage ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Femoral Version ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Hip Morphology

Introduction: Borderline acetabular dysplasia is classically defined as a lateral center edge angle (LCEA) of 20-25 degrees. The optimal treatment strategy in this patient group remains controversial, with some patients having primarily hip instability-based symptoms, while others have primarily impingement-based symptoms (non-instability). The purpose of the current study was to define the 3D characteristics on low-dose CT that differentiate patients with instability symptoms from those without instability in the setting of borderline acetabular dysplasia. Methods: Seventy consecutive hips with borderline acetabular dysplasia undergoing surgical treatment were included in the current study. All patients underwent low-dose pelvic CT with femoral version assessment for preoperative planning. CT measurements included alpha angle and radial acetabular coverage (RAC) at standardized clockface positions (9:00-posterior to 3:00-anterior), central and cranial acetabular version. RAC was assessed in three sectors (anterior, superior, and posterior) and defined (relative to published normative data) as normal (-1 SD, +1 SD), undercoverage (<-1 SD), or overcoverage (>+1 SD). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the CT characteristics of the symptomatic instability and non-instability groups. Results: Of the 70 hips, 62.9% had the diagnosis of symptomatic instability, while 37.1% had no instability symptoms. Hips with instability (compared to non-instability) had significantly lower alpha angle (maximal difference at 1:00 - 47.0° vs. 59.4°), increased femoral version (22.3° vs. 15.3°), and decreased radial acetabular coverage (maximal difference at 1:00 – 59.9% vs. 62.2%) (all p<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified femoral version (OR 1.1, p=0.02), alpha angle at 1:00 (OR 0.91, p=0.02), and RAC at 1:00 (OR 0.46, p=0.003) as independent predictors of the presence of instability. The model combining these three factors had excellent predictive probability with a c-statistic 0.92. Conclusion: We found significant differences in the 3D hip morphology of the symptomatic instability and non-instability subgroups within the borderline dysplasia cohort. In the setting of borderline dysplasia, three-dimensional deformity characterization with low-dose CT allowed for differentiation of patients diagnosed with underlying instability vs. non-instability. Femoral version, alpha angle at 1:00, and radial acetabular coverage at 1:00 were identified as independent predictors of diagnosis in borderline acetabular dysplasia. Summary: This study attempts to define 3D CT characteristics to help distinguish between patients with impingement-based vs instability-based symptoms of borderline acetabular dysplasia.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of non-osteoarthritic adult acetabular dysplasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ito ◽  
Takeo Matsuno ◽  
Teruhisa Hirayama ◽  
Hiromasa Tanino ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tomography Analysis

scholarly journals Acetabular Dysplasia: Three-Dimensional Deformity Predictors of the Diagnosis of Symptomatic Instability Treated with Periacetabular Osteotomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0042
Author(s):  
Maria Schwabe ◽  
Cecilia Pascual-Garrido ◽  
John Clohisy ◽  
Elizabeth Graesser ◽  
Jeffrey Nepple
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acetabular Coverage ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Femoral Version ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Hip Morphology

Objectives: Borderline acetabular dysplasia is classically defined as a lateral center edge angle (LCEA) of 20-25 degrees. The optimal treatment strategy in this patient group remains controversial, with some patients having primarily hip instability-based symptoms, while others have primarily impingement-based symptoms (non-instability). The purpose of the current study was to define the 3D characteristics on low-dose CT that differentiate patients with instability symptoms from those without instability in the setting of borderline acetabular dysplasia. Methods: Seventy consecutive hips with borderline acetabular dysplasia undergoing surgical treatment were included in the current study. All patients underwent low-dose pelvic CT with femoral version assessment for preoperative planning. CT measurements included alpha angle and radial acetabular coverage (RAC) at standardized clockface positions (9:00-posterior to 3:00-anterior), central and cranial acetabular version. RAC was assessed in three sectors (anterior, superior, and posterior) and defined (relative to published normative data) as normal (-1 SD, +1 SD), undercoverage (<-1 SD), or overcoverage (>+1 SD). Statistical analysis was performed to compare the CT characteristics of the symptomatic instability and non-instability groups. Results: Of the 70 hips, 62.9% had the diagnosis of symptomatic instability, while 37.1% had no instability symptoms. Hips with instability (compared to non-instability) had significantly lower alpha angle (maximal difference at 1:00 - 47.0° vs. 59.4°), increased femoral version (22.3° vs. 15.3°), and decreased radial acetabular coverage (maximal difference at 1:00 – 59.9% vs. 62.2%) (all p<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified femoral version (OR 1.1, p=0.02), alpha angle at 1:00 (OR 0.91, p=0.02), and RAC at 1:00 (OR 0.46, p=0.003) as independent predictors of the presence of instability. The model combining these three factors had excellent predictive probability with a c-statistic 0.92. Conclusion: We found significant differences in the 3D hip morphology of the symptomatic instability and non-instability subgroups within the borderline dysplasia cohort. In the setting of borderline dysplasia, three-dimensional deformity characterization with low-dose CT allowed for differentiation of patients diagnosed with underlying instability vs. non-instability. Femoral version, alpha angle at 1:00, and radial acetabular coverage at 1:00 were identified as independent predictors of diagnosis in borderline acetabular dysplasia.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ACETABULAR COVERAGE IN BORDERLINE ACETABULAR DYSPLASIA: ARE PLAIN RADIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS ACCURATELY ESTIMATES OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL COVERAGE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0020
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Graesser ◽  
Maria Schwabe ◽  
Sean Akers ◽  
Cecilia Pascual-Garrido ◽  
John C Clohisy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Acetabular Coverage ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Femoral Head Coverage ◽  
Acetabular Inclination ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Assessment of anterior acetabular coverage is commonly done with measurement of the anterior center edge angle (ACEA) or anterior wall index (AWI). This is particularly important in cases of borderline acetabular dysplasia where it may influence treatment decisions. However, the ACEA and AWI has been poorly validated. Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the correlation between plain radiographic measurements and three-dimensional femoral head coverage on low-dose CT in borderline acetabular dysplasia. Methods: Seventy consecutive hips with borderline acetabular dysplasia (LCEA 20-25°) were included in the current study. Radiographic evaluation was performed prospectively including LCEA, acetabular inclination, and AWI on AP pelvis radiographs, and ACEA on false profile radiographs. The mean LCEA was 22.1±1.4°, while the mean acetabular inclination was 10.3±3.3. All patients underwent low-dose pelvic CT assessment for preoperative planning. The radial acetabular coverage was calculated according to the standardized clock-face position [measured at 12:00 (lateral), 1:00, 2:00, 3:00 (anterior), and 4:00] as described by Larson et al. Statistical analysis determined the correlation between ACEA and radial coverage. Results: The mean ACEA in the group was 25.3±5.8° (range 10.1-43.9), with 16% having ACEA≤20° and 50% having ACEA≤25°. The mean radial coverages were 63.5%±1.7 (12:00), 60.7%±2.2 (1:00), 50.8%±3.2 (2:00), 37.0%±3.3 (3:00), and 27.9%±3.1 (4:00). The ACEA had poor correlation with radial coverage at all positions from 12:00 to 4:00 (range –0.068-0.173). The AWI had moderate correlation with radial coverage at 3:00 (PCC 0.499) and 4:00 (PCC 0.573). Comparing hips with an ACEA <20° versus >20°, there was no difference between the mean radial acetabular coverage at any position 12:00-4:00 (p=0.18-0.95). Comparing hips with an ACEA <25° versus >25°, there was no difference between the mean radial acetabular coverage at any position 12:00-4:00 (p=0.12-0.71). No significant difference in AWI was present between subgroups with normal and deficient radial coverage from 12:00 to 4:00 (p=0.09-0.72). Discussion: The current study demonstrates poor correlation of the ACEA measurement with true anterior femoral head coverage as evaluated at clock-face positions from 12:00 to 4:00. The AWI demonstrated moderate correlation for 3:00-4:00 coverage but fails to differentiate hips with normal and deficient coverage. In the setting of borderline acetabular dysplasia, anterior and anterolateral femoral coverage should be assessed via low-dose CT rather than ACEA or AWI.

X-ray microtomography

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
H.W. Deckman ◽  
B.F. Flannery ◽  
J.H. Dunsmuir ◽  
K.D' Amico
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Individual Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Images

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reproducibility of Facial Measurements of Digital Photographs and Wrapped Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Photographs

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Abeer Abdulkareem Al-mashraqi ◽  
Rayid Hussain Alnami ◽  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Omar Hassan Alamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Gonial Angle

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

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