Three-and-six-month-before forecast of water resources in a karst aquifer in the Terminio massif (Southern Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 4077-4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Rampone
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Karst Aquifer

scholarly journals Drought Index as Indicator of Salinization of the Salento Aquifer (Southern Italy)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1927
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Alfio ◽  
Gabriella Balacco ◽  
Alessandro Parisi ◽  
Vincenzo Totaro ◽  
Maria Dolores Fidelibus
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
High Water ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Groundwater Drought

Salento peninsula (Southern Italy) hosts a coastal carbonate and karst aquifer. The semi-arid climate is favourable to human settlement and the development of tourism and agricultural activities, which involve high water demand and groundwater exploitation rates, in turn causing groundwater depletion and salinization. In the last decades these issues worsened because of the increased frequency of droughts, which emerges from the analysis of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), calculated during 1949–2011 on the base of monthly precipitation. Groundwater level series and chloride concentrations, collected over the extreme drought period 1989–1990, allow a qualitative assessment of groundwater behaviour, highlighting the concurrent groundwater drought and salinization.

Advancement in Research of Hydrological Processes Simulation for Karst Region and Future Challenges

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4104-4110
Author(s):  
Xian Meng Meng ◽  
Bang Yang ◽  
Xian Wu Xue
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Macro Scale

Hydrological processes simulation is an effective way for water resources evaluation and can provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization of water resources and ecological environment restoration. Compared with traditional watershed hydrological processes, hydrological processes in karst region have their unique in runoff generation and concentration stage because of the complexity and multiplicity of karst aquifer system. This paper reviews the two stages of hydrological processes simulation method in karst region: 1. systematic simulation model stage; 2. process based mechanism model stage. By analyzing the characteristics and limitation of two kinds of models, the tendency of future karst hydrological processes simulation method in two aspects are discussed: 1. quasi physically based model balancing physical senses and data richness; 2. scale adaptable model based on macro-scale applicable equations.

Collecting, transporting and storing water in karst settings of southern Italy: some lessons learned from ancient hydraulic systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parise ◽  
A. Marangella ◽  
P. Maranò ◽  
M. Sammarco ◽  
G. Sannicola
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Deep Knowledge ◽  
Karst Landscapes ◽  
High Level

The karst landscapes of southern Italy, even though they show a lack or scarce presence of water at the surface, host a variety of ancient hydraulic works realized to collect and store water resources, to the advantage of the local settlements and for agricultural purposes as well. Ancient populations were forced to gain a deep knowledge of the territory in order to exploit the few available water resources, and developed for this aim several techniques, reaching a high level of capability to collect, transport, and distribute water, even at long distances. Many areas in southern Italy still nowadays present hydraulic works of remarkable interest and historical value, which are briefly described in the present paper, together with other features used for water storage in karst. Studying these ancient works, and safeguarding them, should be a priority aimed at educating the young generations toward a sustainable use of the water resource.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Large Maintenance Journal of the Sewer Networks of Three Apulian Provinces in Southern Italy

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Balacco ◽  
Vito Iacobellis ◽  
Francesca Portincasa ◽  
Emilio Ragno ◽  
Vincenzo Totaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Single Pipe ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Sewer Networks

Sewage systems play a crucial role in the framework of the water resources cycle. The detection of the causes and typologies of their malfunction is essential not only for guaranteeing correct hydraulic management of the network but also because it can prevent environmental contamination. In this study, a reconnaissance on the typologies and causes of intervention in sewer networks located in three Apulian provinces (Southern Italy) was carried out. The results showed that pipe occlusions with exfiltration are the main cause of intervention, followed by manhole occlusions. Data about pipe material highlighted that stoneware is absolutely the most used material and also the main object of maintenance for obstructions and breakages. Its correlation with the density of inhabitants was also investigated. The absence of detailed information about the age of any single pipe does not permit us to exclude the aging of pipes as a cause of major intervention. However, the frequency of some interventions in the same towns and often on the same trunks of pipes leads to the belief that criticalities occurring in the network could be addressed to incorrect use or bad hydraulic functioning.

scholarly journals Assessing and Mapping the Vulnerability of Karstic Aquifer Using GIS and COP Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-393 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
Asmari Limestone ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Very High

<p>Vulnerability assessment and production of the risk map of the contamination is considered as a managerial significant technique in the conservation of Karstic water resources. Karst aquifers in semi-arid regions of the West of Iran with respect to the region&rsquo;s natural conditions are prone to contamination. The present paper aims to estimate the value of vulnerability and to produce the map of the Karst aquifer of Gilan-e-Gharb in the West of Iran against the pollution diffusion, using COP model. The model estimates the vulnerability of the Karst&#39;s water resources against the contamination using three parameters: overlying layer (O), density of current (C), precipitation regime (P). The results show that 0.25% of the region&#39;s area is located in a very low vulnerability domain, and 25.5% of the region&#39;s area is in a low vulnerability domain, which represents a low vulnerability of this Karst aquifer against pollution. Most regions with a low and moderate vulnerability - in the dominion of developed Karsts of the Asmari limestone formation - are located in the high lands. The dominant vegetation of the region is mostly covered by forest and dense pastures, and its total amount of precipitation is more than 600mm. In general, C, P and O parameters play the most significant role in reducing the value of the vulnerability over the area of study, respectively. The C factor plays the most important role in lessening the vulnerability of the region due to the little area of developed Karsts, high district of non-Karst regions, and lack of suitable vegetation. On the other hand, the region&rsquo;s precipitation is relatively low which results in a decrease in the amount of contamination permeation. The map of (O) factor shows a high and very high vulnerability of the region, which represents the expansion of permeable structures in the region. The high vulnerability value of this factor is adjusted by other two factors, and on the whole, the vulnerability amount of region is kept down through these factors.</p>

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