Current performance of open position service with almost fully deployed multi-GNSS constellations: GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BDS-2, and BDS-3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhehao Zhang ◽  
Lin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Open Position

scholarly journals An empirical study on open position risk assessment using VAR and regression analysis: A case study of Iranian banking industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 2135-2140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khodaei Valahzaghard ◽  
Mina Ghavidel ◽  
Mojtaba Heidar ◽  
Elmira Mahmoudzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Open Position

Movements of the Upper and Lower Lips during Speech

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Folkins ◽  
Jeanne L. Canty
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Organizational Systems ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Bite Block ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Block Sizes ◽  
Open Position ◽  
Normal Speaking ◽  
Speech Articulators

Inferior-superior displacements of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw were transduced with a strain-gauge system in 4 normal-speaking adults. Movements of the upper and lower lips were compared across conditions in which the jaw was free to move and when bite blocks were used to fix the jaw at four different vertical positions. As jaw-open position was increased with the bite blocks, it was found that: (a) Positions of both lips changed for bilabial closure, but the closing movements did not usually maintain consistent proportions between lips across different bite-block sizes; (b) although the lips maintained fairly consistent maximum interlabial opening across many conditions, this opening was reduced in the small bite-block conditions; and (c) in a few cases there was an increase in the duration of lip-closing movements, but these were small and inconsistent. The findings are discussed relative to possible organizational systems that would produce the observed interactions among speech articulators.

Charts for water hammer in pipelines resulting from valve closure from full opening only

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan W. Karney ◽  
Eugen Ruus
Keyword(s):  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Valve Closure ◽  
Closure Time ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Valve Opening ◽  
Open Position

Maximum pressure head rises, which result from total closure of the valve from an initially fully open position, are calculated and plotted for the valve end and for the midpoint of a simple pipeline. Uniform, equal-percentage, optimum, and parabolic closure arrangements are analysed. Basic parameters such as pipeline constant, relative closure time, and pipe wall friction are considered with closures from full valve opening only. The results of this paper can be used to draw the maximum hydraulic grade line along the pipe with good accuracy for the closure arrangements considered. It is found that the equal-percentage closure arrangement yields consistently less pressure head rise than does the parabolic closure arrangement. Further, the optimum closure arrangement yields consistently less head rise than the equal-percentage one. Uniform closure produces pressure head rise that usually lies between those produced by the parabolic and the equal-percentage closure arrangements, except for the range of low pressure head rise combined with low or zero friction, where the rise due to uniform closure approaches that produced by optimum closure.

Wing Mechanics and Take-Off Preparation of Thrips (Thysanoptera)

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. ELLINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Leading Edge ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Inertial Forces ◽  
Wing Area ◽  
Trailing Edge ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
Parking Problem ◽  
Closed Position ◽  
Open Position ◽  
Fringe System

1. All of the wing fringe cilia of Thrips physapus, except those along the hindwing leading edge, pivot in elongated sockets which lock them into two positions. 2. The wings lie parallel over the abdomen when not in use, with the cilia locked in the closed position at an angle of 15-20° to the wing axis. The closing of the fringes prevents entanglement of the trailing edge cilia and lateral projection of the forewing leading edge cilia. 3. During flight the cilia are locked in the open position, doubling the wing area. The locking force is stronger than the combined aerodynamic and inertial forces on the cilia. 4. The fringes are opened by abdominal combing and closed by tibial combing. 5. The same morphological features are found in other members of the sub-order Terebrantia. Parallel wings at rest are characteristic of this suborder, and the collapsible fringe system is viewed as an effective method for parking the wings. 6. The fringes of the sub-order Tubulifera are not collapsible. The wings overlap on the abdomen at rest and a similar parking problem does not arise.

scholarly journals Determining Factors of Banking Performance in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Liability Management ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Asset And Liability Management ◽  
Demand Deposits ◽  
Open Position

Motivated by the large number of banking studies in Indonesia that have not included NOP (Net Open Position) in profitability modeling, our research aims to realize this. As for the reason for the importance of the Net Open Position (NOP) variable, it is almost certain that all banks will use foreign currency items in their asset and liability management activities. All commercial banks in the BUKU level 1, 2, 3 and 4 will definitely be involved in demand deposits as a consequence of continuing financial market activities to safeguard the economic activities of a country. By referring to previous research models from Al-Omar, et.al. (2008), Albulescu (2015), Muhmad & Hashim (2015), Menicucci & Paolucci (2016) and Saputri & Oetomo (2016) then identified four determinants of bank profitability variables, namely CAR, NPL, NOP and LDR. These four variables will then be defined conceptually and formulas referring to banking theory applicable in Indonesia, namely CAMEL (Capital, Management, Asset, Earning and Liquidity). Each variable will function as a bank specific factor that will determine the profitability of the bank both grossly as measured by ROA and net measured by ROE. Results of the test with panel data regression show that the NOP variable is always a determining factor in the ROA and the ROE models. This also provides evidence that NOP is indeed very important in determining ROA and ROE for bankers. With the proven NOP as the main determinant, the argument is supported that commercial banks must pay attention to the foreign exchange items in their asset and liability management. In addition to NOP, NPL is also important for determining ROA and ROE of banks.

scholarly journals A note on imperfect hedging: a method for testing stability of the hedge ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Michal Černý ◽  
Jan Pelikán
Keyword(s):  
Recent Change ◽  
Hedging Strategy ◽  
Hedge Ratio ◽  
Risk Manager ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
On Line ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Open Position

Companies producing, processing and consuming commodities in the production process often hedge their commodity expositions using derivative strategies based on different, highly correlated underlying commodities. Once the open position in a commodity is hedged using a derivative position with another underlying commodity, the appropriate hedge ratio must be determined in order the hedge relationship be as effective as possible. However, it is questionable whether the hedge ratio determined at the inception of the risk management strategy remains stable over the whole period for which the hedging strategy exists. Usually it is assumed that in the short run, the relationship (say, correlation) between the two commodities remains stable, while in the long run it may vary. We propose a method, based on statistical theory of stability, for on-line detection whether market movements of prices of the commodities involved in the hedge relationship indicate that the hedge ratio may have been subject to a recent change. The change in the hedge ratio decreases the effectiveness of the original hedge relationship and creates a new open position. The method proposed should inform the risk manager that it could be reasonable to adjust the derivative strategy in a way reflecting the market conditions after the change in the hedge ratio.

Building a Surveillance Framework for Currency Crises in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
pp. 718-739
Author(s):  
Dimas Bagus Wiranatakusuma ◽  
Ricky Dwi Apriyono
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning System ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Currency Crises ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Signal Extraction ◽  
Open Position ◽  
Market Pressure ◽  
Domestic Inflation

There seems to be no single country that can escape from currency crises. This paper aims to answer: (i) How to determine exchange market pressure (EMP)? and (ii) To what extent the contribution of selected indicators to the prediction of currency crises?. The study adopts indicators developed by Kaminski, et.al (1999) by using signal extraction method as the early warning system (EWS) mechanism. By employing four selected variables, International reserve, real exchange rates, credit growth, and domestic inflation, the findings suggest the periods of crises fluctuated over the observations under various thresholds. The EMP touched the Kaminsky's line only during the Asian and global financial crises. Meanwhile, the Garcia's, Park's and Lestano's line was passed through frequently over the observations, and it implies that the financial system was cyclically under shocks. In conclusion, the currency crises frequently appear attacking Indonesia's financial system so that need to be mitigated by net open position (NOP) as macroprudential instrument.

Learning the Fingerboard

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-46
Author(s):  
Christopher Berg
Keyword(s):  
Musical Language ◽  
Foundational Work ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Open Position

“Learning the Fingerboard” presents the means for students to understand the logic of the guitar fingerboard and master its grammar so they will be able to understand more easily and quickly the musical language used by composers. Unlike the piano, which has one location for each note, guitarists can play the same scale, chord, or cadence, in multiple locations. The Segovia scales, however—which are widely used for foundational work—don’t cover large areas of the guitar fingerboard. This section begins with the study of open-position major and minor scales and their associated cadences, major and minor moveable scale forms and related chords, and major and minor long scales, which traverse the length of the fingerboard. Harmony is studied through the working out of triads on each of the four sets of three adjacent strings. The section ends with the first modern edition of cadences in commonly used positions for each key by Franz Bathioli.

TRACE/PARCS Analysis of Full Isolation Startup Test for Lungmen ABWR

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Ling Ho ◽  
Jong-Rong Wang ◽  
Hao-Tzu Lin ◽  
Chunkuan Shih
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Reactor Power ◽  
Signal Delay ◽  
Control Rod ◽  
Pump Speed ◽  
Closure Time ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Open Position ◽  
Delayed Time

TRACE/PARCS coupling model of Lungmen NPP has been used to analyze the full isolation startup test, defined as a simultaneous full closure of all MSIVs (Main Steamline Isolation Valve). In this analysis, the full closure time of MSIVs was varied by 2 sec, 3sec (base), and 4 sec. As MSIV was closed to 90% full open position, a reactor power scram signal was initiated. For each of MSIV full closure time, the delayed time of scram signal to the start of control rod insertion was varied by base 0.09 sec, 0.04 sec, and 0.14 sec. Because of MSIVs closure, the increasing reactor dome pressure reached the setpoint of relief valves (RVs) and caused RVs to open. The 4 reactor internal pumps (RIPs) not connected to the M/G sets tripped and were runback to minimum pump speed when water level dropped to L3. The 6 RIPs connected to the M/G sets tripped if low water level (L2) or high reactor dome pressure (1140 psia) had been reached. Those important thermal parameters with various MSIV full closure times (2, 3, and 4sec) and various reactor scram signal delay times (0.09, 0.04, and 0.14 sec) are compared and shown in this paper.

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