Differences in extrinsic innervation patterns of the small intestine in the cattle and sheep

This study evaluated the isolation, molecular typing and celular proliferation of C. perfringens in small intestine of cattle and sheep distributed in case and control groups. In the case group, out of the 61 bovine samples analyzed, C. perfringens was isolated in 29 (47.54%) and in 4 (33.34%) from 12 sheep samples. In the control group, we did not isolate the microorganism in the bovine samples (73 samples), however it was possible in 5 (20.83%) out of the 24 sheep samples. All isolates (100%) were classified as type A, and cell quantification showed that in control group, all cattle samples resulted in 10 CFU/g of intestinal content while in the study group presented a median value of 104 CFU/g, varying from 10 CFU/g through 108 CFU/g. In ovine group there was a clear divison of values between the two groups. Molecular typing corroborates with other studies regardin the epidemiological importance of type A in enterotoxaemia in ruminants, thus cellular quantification data allow us to conclude that healthy animals present a basal level of C. perfringens lower than 10 CFU/g that does not allow its isolation.

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The incidence ofStreptococcus bovisin cattle

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600045299 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 434-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Constance Higginbottom ◽

D. W. F. Wheater

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Streptococcus Bovis ◽

Appreciable Variation ◽

Different Parts ◽

Cattle And Sheep

1. The numbers ofStreptococcus bovisin the rumen of a heifer and a steer, each having a permanent rumen fistula, were shown to remain relatively constant within the range 105to 107per ml. rumen liquid (strained rumen contents) over a period of more than 3 years.2. The numbers ofStrep. boviswere little affected by the change in diet from stall-feeding (oats, beans, hay and straw) to grass or vice versa.3. There was a slight increase in the numbers ofStrep. bovisfollowing each meal when the animals were stall-fed, but no appreciable variation in numbers throughout the day when the animals were at grass.4.Strep. bovishas also been isolated from the rumen of freshly slaughtered cattle and sheep from different parts of the country, from the rumen of goats and calves and from the faeces of cattle, goats and in small numbers associated withStrep. equinusfrom horse dung.5.Strep. boviswas found in the contents of the omasum, large intestine and caecum of three cattle, but in the small intestine of only one of these animals. Very small numbers ofStrep. boviswere detected in the abomasal contents of only four of twelve animals examined.6. The characteristics of these strains ofStrep. bovishave been described. The synthesis of an iodophilic polysaccharide byStrep. bovishas been demonstrated.7. A possible role ofStrep. bovisin the decomposition of starch and other carbohydrates in the rumen is discussed.

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Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100142311 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 134-135

Author(s):

A. J. Tousimis

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Elemental Composition ◽

Isotope Labeling ◽

Structural Components ◽

X Ray ◽

Human Small Intestine ◽

Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

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The protease phenotype and crystalline nature of the granules of intraepithelial mast cells in Trichinella spiralis-infected mice

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100140464 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 818-819

Author(s):

D.S. Friend ◽

N. Ghildyal ◽

M.F. Gurish ◽

K.F. Austen ◽

R.L. Stevens

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Mast Cells ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Lamina Propria ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Carboxypeptidase A ◽

C3h Mice ◽

Granule Morphology ◽

Crystalline Nature

Trichinella spiralis induces a profound mastocytosis and eosinophilia in the small intestine of the infected mouse. Mouse mast cells (MC) store in their granules various combinations of at least five chymotryptic chymases [designated mouse MC protease (mMCP) 1 to 5], two tryptic proteases designated mMCP-6 and mMCP-7 and an exopeptidase, carboxypeptidase A (mMC-CPA). Using antipeptide, protease -specific antibodies to these MC granule proteases, immunohistochemistry was done to determine the distribution, number and protease phenotype of the MCs in the small intestine and spleen 10 to >60 days after Trichinella infection of BALB/c and C3H mice. TEM was performed to evaluate the granule morphology of the MCs between intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria (mucosal MCs) and in the submucosa, muscle and serosa of the intestine (submucosal MCs).As noted in the table below, the number of submucosal MCs remained constant throughout the study. In contrast, on day 14, the number of MCs in the mucosa increased ~25 fold. Increased numbers of MCs were observed between epithelial cells in the mucosal crypts, in the lamina propria and to a lesser extent, between epithelial cells of the intestinal villi.

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