Avaliação da proliferação celular de clostridium perfringens em intestino delgado de ruminantes / Evaluation of cellular proliferation of clostridium perfringens in small intestine of ruminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3990-3995
Author(s):  
Simone Miyashiro ◽  
Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar ◽  
Renata Haddad Esper ◽  
Nilson Roberti Benites
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Type A ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

This study evaluated the isolation, molecular typing and celular proliferation of C. perfringens in small intestine of cattle and sheep distributed in case and control groups. In the case group, out of the 61 bovine samples analyzed, C. perfringens was isolated in 29 (47.54%) and in 4 (33.34%) from 12 sheep samples. In the control group, we did not isolate the microorganism in the bovine samples (73 samples), however it was possible in 5 (20.83%) out of the 24 sheep samples.  All isolates (100%) were classified as type A, and cell quantification showed that in control group, all cattle samples resulted in 10 CFU/g of intestinal content while in the study group presented a median value of 104 CFU/g, varying from 10 CFU/g through 108 CFU/g. In ovine group there was a clear divison of values between the two groups. Molecular typing corroborates with other studies regardin the epidemiological importance of type A in enterotoxaemia in ruminants, thus cellular quantification data allow us to conclude that healthy animals present a basal level of C. perfringens lower than 10 CFU/g that does not allow its isolation.

scholarly journals Hepatic steatosis: a risk factor for increased COVID-19 prevalence and severity—a computed tomography study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ali ◽  
Mona Hasan ◽  
Shaimaa Hamed ◽  
Amir Elhamy
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Liver Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
World Population ◽  
Positive Class ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Around 25% of the world population was affected by the metabolic-related fatty liver disorder. Hepatic steatosis is frequently observed in conjunction with hypertension, obesity comorbidities, and diabetes. We evaluate the hepatic steatosis frequency found in chest CT exams of COVID-19-positive cases compared to non-infected controls and evaluate the related increased prevalence and severity of COVID. Results Our research includes 355 subjects, 158 with positive PCR for COVID-19 (case group) and 197 with negative PCR and negative CT chest (control group). The mean age in the positive group was 50.6 ± 16 years, and in the control, it was 41.3 ± 16 years (p < 0.001). Our study consists of 321 men (90.5%) and 34 women (9.5%). The number of males in both cases and control groups was greater. In the case group, 93% men vs. 6.9% women, while in controls, 88.3% men vs.11.6% women, p < 0.001. CT revealed normal results in 55.5% of individuals (i.e., CORADs 1) and abnormal findings in 45.5% of participants (i.e., CORADs 2–5). In abnormal scan, CO-RADs 2 was 13.92%, while CO-RADs 3–4 were 20.89% of cases. CO-RADs 5 comprised 65.19% of all cases. Approximately 42.6% of cases had severe disease (CT score ≥ 20), all of them were CO-RADs 5. The PCR-positive class had a greater prevalence of hepatic steatosis than controls (28.5% vs.12.2%, p < 0.001). CO-RADs 2 represented 11.1%, CO-RADs 3–4 represented 15.6%, and CO-RADs 5 represented 73.3% in the hepatic steatosis cases. The mean hepatic attenuation value in the case group was 46.79 ± 12.68 and in the control group 53.34 ± 10.28 (p < 0.001). When comparing patients with a higher severity score (CT score ≥ 20) to those with non-severe pneumonia, it was discovered that hepatic steatosis is more prevalent (73.2% vs. 26.8%). Conclusions Steatosis was shown to be substantially more prevalent in COVID-19-positive individuals. There is a relation among metabolic syndrome, steatosis of the liver, and obesity, as well as the COVID-19 severity.

scholarly journals Safety and effectiveness evaluation of a two-handed technique combining harmonic scalpel and laparoscopic Peng’s multifunction operative dissector in laparoscopic hemihepatectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Cai ◽  
Guixing Jiang ◽  
Yuelong Liang ◽  
Yangyang Xie ◽  
Junhao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Harmonic Scalpel ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Bile Leakage ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Intraoperative Blood Loss ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a two-hand technique combining harmonic scalpel (HS) and laparoscopic Peng’s multifunction operative dissector (LPMOD) in patients who underwent laparoscopic hemihepatectomy (LHH). Methods We designed and conducted a case-control study nested in a prospectively collected laparoscopic liver surgery database. Patients who underwent LHH for liver parenchyma transection using HS + LPMOD were defined as cases (n = 98) and LPMOD only as controls (n = 47) from January 2016 to May 2018. Propensity score matching (1:1) between the case and control groups was used in the analyses. Results The case group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss in milliliters (169.4 ± 133.5 vs. 221.5 ± 176.3, P = 0.03) and shorter operative time in minutes (210.5 ± 56.1 vs. 265.7 ± 67.1, P = 0.02) comparing to the control group. The conversion to laparotomy, postoperative hospital stay, resection margin, the mean peak level of postoperative liver function parameters, bile leakage rate, and others were comparable between the two groups. There was no perioperative mortality. Conclusions We demonstrated that the two-handed technique combing HS and LPMOD in LHH is safe and effective which is associated with shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss compared with LPMOD alone. The technique facilitates laparoscopic liver resection and is recommended for use.

scholarly journals Antibody responses in buffalos immunized with Clostridium perfringens beta and epsilon toxoids

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 9–10) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rahman M ◽  
K. Baek B ◽  
T. Hong S ◽  
H. Lee J
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control

The antibody responses to toxoids were measured to investigate whether&nbsp;Clostridium perfringens&nbsp;beta and epsilon toxoids induced protective humoral immune responses in buffalos. Total of 24 buffalos were divided into 4 groups (n&nbsp;= 6), beta toxoid, epsilon toxoid, combination and control groups. These buffalo groups were administered each of the designated toxoids. Immunizations in the beta and epsilon toxoid groups induced strong antibody responses. The neutralizing antibody titres from the beta and epsilon toxoid groups were equally log101.2 on day 21 after inoculation whereas there was no antibody titre detected from the control group. A statistically significant (P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01) increase in antibody titre was observed from day 0 to day 14 and 21 after inoculation. The antibody production did not vary significantly due to day of inoculation and toxoid interactions.

scholarly journals In Vivo Therapeutic Effect of Triclabendazole + Levamisole on Hydatid Cyst in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Peyman Sadeghi ◽  
Yagoob Garedaghi ◽  
Mirhadi Khayatnouri ◽  
Hosein Hashemzade Farhang ◽  
Ramin Kaffash Elahi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Hydatidosis is a global disease and one of the most dangerous zoonotic diseases which is found in areas where humans, dogs, and herbivores are in close contact with each other. Methods: In this study, a total of 64 rats were divided into control and case groups, and then 3000 protoscolices were injected into the peritoneal cavity. After 2 months, rats in the case group were given triclabendazole + levamisole at a dose of 6 mg + 4.41 mg/mL orally for 60 days, respectively. Then, after 6 months of infection, the rats of the control and case groups were killed by anesthesia and then an autopsy was performed and the viscera were carefully examined for hydatid cyst infection. Results: The results showed that in the control group, 3 cysts were observed in the liver, 10 in the kidney, and 88 in the lung. The mean number of hydatid cysts in this group was determined to be 33.6. In the case group, 2 cysts were observed in the liver, 6 in the kidney, and 64 in the lungs. The mean number of hydatid cysts in the viscera was 24 in the case group. Conclusions: Statistical analysis of the results obtained from the case and control groups showed that the therapeutic efficacy of triclabendazole + levamisole was 31%, which is not enough to treat cases of hydatid cyst.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Smoking and Sublingual Varices in the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. e288-e288
Author(s):  
Niusha Barzideh ◽  
Arezoo Alaee ◽  
Arash Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Control

Objectives: We investigated the existence of any connection between smoking and sublingual varices (SLV) in the older population. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2019 on adults > 65 years old at Kahrizak Charity Nursing Home, Alborz, Iran. We conducted clinical examination and inspection of 222 elderly patients. Both the case group and control group contained the same number of patients (n = 111). SLV were classified as grade 0 (few or none visible) and grade 1 (moderate or severe). The case group included patients with SLV and the control group consisted of those older adults without SLV and who were matched with the case group based on age, gender, blood pressure, denture wearing, and varicose veins in their legs. Cigarette smoking habits were investigated in both groups. Smokers were considered those who smoked at least one cigarette per day for more than six months. Chi-square and odds ratio (OR) were used to statistically analyze the exposure of participants to smoking in both groups. Results: Among 222 participants, 21.6% and 5.4% were smokers in the case and control groups, respectively. The results of our data analysis revealed that SLV were significantly associated with smoking (p < 0.001, OR = 4). Conclusions: Elderly patients with SLV are more likely to be cigarette smokers. Therefore, cigarette smoking cessation programs are recommended for older adults in society.

scholarly journals Hematological changes in pregnancy induced hypertension in their third trimester at Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3497
Author(s):  
Neelam Jhajharia ◽  
Madhureema Verma
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Haematocrit Level ◽  
Haematological Parameter ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the most common and potential life-threatening complications of pregnancy. This study is aimed to investigate and correlate the hemoglobin, haematocrit, white blood cell count, lymphocytes and platelets in PIH patients in their third trimester.Method: Total 126 subjects were studied out of them 63 patients (case) and 63 healthy pregnant women (control) visiting the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar were registered in the study and followed during their pregnancy. Two millilitre of blood sample was drawn aseptically using the 5ml syringe from the median ante cubital vein of all the cases and control participants into EDTA-anticoagulated tubes. Haematological parameter calculated by using Sysmex XN-9100™ Automated Haematology System.Results: The mean hemoglobin level of the case group (8.8206±2.53779) was significantly lower than that of the control group (9.7289±2.47033) (p<0.05). The mean platelet count of the case group (131.4937±62.05999) was significantly lower than that of the control group (324.9683±230.78764) (p<0.05). The mean lymphocytes level of case group (1.2510±0.56369) was significantly lower than that of the control group (1.9295±1.4150) (p<0.05). The mean WBC level of case group (36.3467±119.90635) was significantly high than control group (11.5260±4.83059) (p<0.05). The mean haematocrit level of case group (32.6851±7.29789) was significantly high than control group (30.0424±23.38116) (p<0.05).Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin, mean platelets and mean lymphocytes are lower in PIH patients. The mean WBC and haematocrit are higher in PIH patient. 

scholarly journals The values of AHCY and CBS promoter methylation on the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in Chinese Han population

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Shufang Bu ◽  
Ran Ran Pan ◽  
Cong Zhou ◽  
Kun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The goal of our study is to investigate whether the methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters are related to the risk of cerebral infarction by detecting the methylation level of AHCY and CBS genes. Methods We extracted peripheral venous blood from 152 patients with cerebral infarction and 152 gender- and age-matched healthy controls, and determined methylation levels of AHCY and CBS promoters using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. We used the percentage of methylation reference (PMR) to indicate gene methylation level. Results We compared the promoter methylation levels of two genes (AHCY and CBS) in peripheral blood DNA between the cerebral infarction case group and the control group. Our study showed no significant difference in AHCY promoter methylation between case and control. Subgroup analysis by gender showed that the methylation level of AHCY in males in the case group was lower than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant in females. In a subgroup analysis by age, there was no significant difference in the AHCY methylation level between the case and control in the young group (≤44 years old). However, the level of AHCY gene methylation in the middle-aged group (45–59 years old) was significantly higher and the aged group (≥60 years old) was significantly lower than that in the control groups. However, CBS promoter methylation levels were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (median PMR: 70.20% vs 104.10%, P = 3.71E-10). In addition, the CBS methylation levels of males and females in the case group were significantly lower than those in the control group (male: 64.33% vs 105%, P = 2.667E-08; female: 78.05% vs 102.8%, P = 0.003). We also found that the CBS levels in the young (23–44), middle-aged (45–59), and older (60–90) groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (young group: 69.97% vs 114.71%; P = 0.015; middle-aged group: 56.04% vs 91.71%; P = 6.744E-06; older group: 81.6% vs 119.35%; P = 2.644E-04). Our ROC curve analysis of CBS hypomethylation showed an area under the curve of 0.713, a sensitivity of 67.4%, and a specificity of 74.0%. Conclusion Our study suggests that hypomethylation of the CBS promoter may be closely related to the risk of cerebral infarction and may be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for cerebral infarction.

scholarly journals Enhanced intestinal 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose uptake under metformin is not fully suppressed by loperamide

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Tomomi Nobashi ◽  
Tsuneo Saga ◽  
Yuji Nakamoto ◽  
Yoichi Shimizu ◽  
Sho Koyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
And Control

AbstractObjective. This study investigated whether the metformin (Met)-induced enhanced intestinal uptake of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) is reduced by loperamide, a long-acting anti-diarrheal agent. Methods. Mean18F-FDG uptake in the mouse small intestine and colon with Met exposure was compared with that in control mice. In the Met group, high-dose (1.0 mg/kg body weight) and low-dose (0.1 mg/kg body weight) loperamide were introduced, and18F-FDG uptake in the small intestine and colon was compared with that of control mice administered high-dose loperamide. The percent injected dose of18F-FDG per gram of tissue (%ID/g) in the extracted tissues was then determined. Results.18F-FDG uptake increased significantly in the small intestine (0.64±0.06 vs. 1.01±0.15, p=0.040) and, especially, the colon (0.46±0.13 vs. 2.16±0.51, p<0.001) after Met exposure. Neither high-dose nor low-dose loperamide significantly reduced18F-FDG uptake in the small intestine (0.82±0.31 vs. 0.84±0.22, p=0.93 and 0.78±0.25 vs. 0.70±0.15, p=0.13, respectively) or colon (2.13±0.41 vs. 1.67±0.55, p=0.063 and 1.77±0.39 vs. 1.80±0.25, p=0.56, respectively). The colonic %ID/g was significantly higher in Met groups irrespective of loperamide introduction than in control group, whereas the significant difference in the small intestine was observed only between Met and control groups. Conclusion. Metformin increased18F-FDG uptake in intestines especially in colon. Loperamide administration partially, but not sufficiently, suppresses the Met-induced increased colonic uptake of18F-FDG.

Complete blood count, cholinesterase, and renal function of organophosphate sprayers in Kulonprogo

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idha Arfianti Wiraagni
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: There are several risks to health associated with pesticide use. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) can minimize pesticide exposure to farmers. The aim of this study was to determine the basic characteristics of farmers, blood parameters (complete blood count, cholinesterase, and creatinine), patterns of pesticide use, and the use of PPE. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study, with total sampling method. The data were taken from all farmers in Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Case group was organophosphate sprayers that have sprayed organophosphate for more than 1 year. Results: In case of group, there were 36 farmers (31 male and 5 female), while in control group, there were 11 persons (4 male and 7 female). The mean blood cholinesterase level in the exposed group was 7.8 ± 2.01Ku/L and in the control group 8.7± 1.56 Ku/L. The mean of exposed group blood urea nitrogen: 12.08±3.88 mmol/L and control Group: 11.4±3.11 mmol/L. The mean of blood creatinine was within normal limits (case group: 0.9 ± 0.17mg/dl and control group: 0.7 ± 0.19 mg/dl), but there were significant differences between them (p : 0.015). Conclusions: The results of a complete blood count, cholinesterase, and renal function in the organophosphate sprayers In Kulonprogro were within normal limits. There was an increase of creatinine levels on exposed group significantly, although still within normal limit. They have sufficient rest period for farmers (1 month) in every planting season. It is necessary to educate farmers about the importance of using PPE and management of acute pesticide poisoning.

Enteropathogenic factors of food-poisoning Clostridium perfringens type A

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. W. Hauschild ◽  
L. Niilo ◽  
W. J. Dorward
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Type A ◽  
Organic Acid Production ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Rotary Evaporation ◽  
Number Of Cells

The possible involvement of the following factors in Clostridium perfringens type A enteritis was investigated: cellular constituents of C. perfringens, extracellular components, gas generated by growing cultures, and organic acid production. Lambs were used as experimental animals, and all materials were administered by the intraduodenal route.Vegetative cells (1.5 to 5 × 109) administered along with fresh medium caused diarrhea while 100 times the number of cells in spent medium or saline had no effect. Sporulating cells in saline, and their extracts, caused profuse diarrhea. Supernatant fluids from both vegetative and sporulating cultures concentrated by dialysis against polyethylene glycol had no effect, but diarrhea was produced by supernatant fluids from vegetative cultures concentrated by rotary evaporation, and by the gas generated during growth. The effect of the gas was simulated with hydrogen. The pH of the fluid in the small intestine remained constant during C. perfringens enteritis.It was concluded (i) that the factor responsible for experimental enteritis in lambs resulting from infection of the small intestine with vegetative cells of C. perfringens is produced in situ, and (ii) that of the various factors tested, a heat-sensitive, nondialyzable component of sporulating cells is most likely identical with the main enteropathogenic factor in C. perfringens enteritis.

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