Interferon-α and cancer: Mechanisms of action and new perspectives of clinical use

Biochimie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 884-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ferrantini ◽  
Imerio Capone ◽  
Filippo Belardelli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Clinical Use

scholarly journals Type I Interferons and Cancer: An Evolving Story Demanding Novel Clinical Applications

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Aricò ◽  
Luciano Castiello ◽  
Imerio Capone ◽  
Lucia Gabriele ◽  
Filippo Belardelli
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Type I ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Antitumor Effects

The first report on the antitumor effects of interferon α/β (IFN-I) in mice was published 50 years ago. IFN-α were the first immunotherapeutic drugs approved by the FDA for clinical use in cancer. However, their clinical use occurred at a time when most of their mechanisms of action were still unknown. These cytokines were being used as either conventional cytostatic drugs or non-specific biological response modifiers. Specific biological activities subsequently ascribed to IFN-I were poorly considered for their clinical use. Notably, a lot of the data in humans and mice underlines the importance of endogenous IFN-I, produced by both immune and tumor cells, in the control of tumor growth and in the response to antitumor therapies. While many oncologists consider IFN-I as “dead drugs”, recent studies reveal new mechanisms of action with potential implications in cancer control and immunotherapy response or resistance, suggesting novel rationales for their usage in target and personalized anti-cancer treatments. In this Perspectives Article, we focus on the following aspects: (1) the added value of IFN-I for enhancing the antitumor impact of standard anticancer treatments (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) and new therapeutic approaches, such as check point inhibitors and epigenetic drugs; (2) the role of IFN-I in the control of cancer stem cells growth and its possible implications for the development of novel antitumor therapies; and (3) the role of IFN-I in the development of cancer vaccines and the intriguing therapeutic possibilities offered by in situ delivery of ex vivo IFN-stimulated dendritic cells.

Prospects for immunomodulatory therapy of bronchial asthma

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-391
Author(s):  
G. V. Cherepnev ◽  
Y. D. Slabnov ◽  
I. E. Zimakova
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Immunomodulatory Therapy ◽  
Immune Homeostasis ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Immunological Reactivity ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Pharmacological Correction

The relevance of pharmacological correction of immunological reactivity is obvious: many socially significant diseases are accompanied by an imbalance in immune homeostasis. In the past few years, a number of reviews on the classification and mechanisms of action of immunotropic drugs approved for clinical use in the Russian Federation have been published in the domestic press.

Stimulants and Other ADHD Medicines

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-266
Author(s):  
Arash Ansari ◽  
David N. Osser
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Black Box Warnings

The chapter on adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medicines discusses and reviews the use of psychostimulants (such as methylphenidate and amphetamines), and nonstimulants (such as atomoxetine, guanfacine, and clonidine). It reviews their mechanisms of action, clinical characteristics, potential medication interactions, and adverse effects. It further reviews stimulants’ risk of misuse and dependence. The chapter also briefly discusses complementary and alternative pharmacotherapies. It includes an in-depth review of the clinical use of these medications for ADHD (particularly in college students) and for other psychiatric disorders (such as binge-eating disorder) and other medical disorders. It also discusses the use of ADHD medicines in women of childbearing age, notably for pregnancy and breastfeeding considerations. Finally, the chapter includes a table of ADHD medicines that includes each medicine’s generic and brand names, usual adult doses, pertinent clinical comments, black box warnings, and Food and Drug Administration indications.

scholarly journals Plasma Gelsolin: Indicator of Inflammation and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Tool and Therapeutic Target

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Piktel ◽  
Ilya Levental ◽  
Bonita Durnaś ◽  
Paul Janmey ◽  
Robert Bucki
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Plasma Gelsolin ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Gelsolin, an actin-depolymerizing protein expressed both in extracellular fluids and in the cytoplasm of a majority of human cells, has been recently implicated in a variety of both physiological and pathological processes. Its extracellular isoform, called plasma gelsolin (pGSN), is present in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, milk, urine, and other extracellular fluids. This isoform has been recognized as a potential biomarker of inflammatory-associated medical conditions, allowing for the prediction of illness severity, recovery, efficacy of treatment, and clinical outcome. A compelling number of animal studies also demonstrate a broad spectrum of beneficial effects mediated by gelsolin, suggesting therapeutic utility for extracellular recombinant gelsolin. In the review, we summarize the current data related to the potential of pGSN as an inflammatory predictor and therapeutic target, discuss gelsolin-mediated mechanisms of action, and highlight recent progress in the clinical use of pGSN.

scholarly journals Donald Metcalf AC. 26 February 1929 — 15 December 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 409-431
Author(s):  
Nicos A. Nicola
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Medical Researchers

Donald Metcalf was one of Australia's most distinguished medical researchers and is acknowledged internationally as the father of the modern field of haemopoietic growth factors. He defined the hierarchy of haemopoietic progenitor cells, purified and cloned the major molecular regulators of their growth and maturation, determined their mechanisms of action and participated in their development for clinical use in cancer patients. He received numerous awards and distinctions during his career, but was most pleased by the fact that his life's work improved human health.

Neuropathic Pain: Mechanism-Based Therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty Bannister ◽  
Juliane Sachau ◽  
Ralf Baron ◽  
Anthony H. Dickenson
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Pain State ◽  
Pain Mechanism

Neuropathic pain (NeP) can result from sources as varied as nerve compression, channelopathies, autoimmune disease, and incision. By identifying the neurobiological changes that underlie the pain state, it will be clinically possible to exploit mechanism-based therapeutics for maximum analgesic effect as diagnostic accuracy is optimized. Obtaining sufficient knowledge regarding the neuroadaptive alterations that occur in a particular NeP state will result in improved patient analgesia and a mechanism-based, as opposed to a disease-based, therapeutic approach to facilitate target identification. This will rely on comprehensive disease pathology insight; our knowledge is vastly improving due to continued forward and back translational preclinical and clinical research efforts. Here we discuss the clinical aspects of neuropathy and currently used drugs whose mechanisms of action are outlined alongside their clinical use. Finally, we consider sensory phenotypes, patient clusters, and predicting the efficacy of an analgesic for neuropathy.

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