scholarly journals The heart rate discrimination task: a psychophysical method to estimate the accuracy and precision of interoceptive beliefs

2021 ◽  
pp. 108239
Author(s):  
Nicolas Legrand ◽  
Niia Nikolova ◽  
Camile Correa ◽  
Malthe Brændholt ◽  
Anna Stuckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Psychophysical Method ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Rate Discrimination

scholarly journals The heart rate discrimination task: a psychophysical method to estimate the accuracy and precision of interoceptive beliefs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Legrand ◽  
Niia Nikolova ◽  
Camile Correa ◽  
Malthe Brændholt ◽  
Anna Stuckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Psychophysical Method ◽  
List Type ◽  
Subjective Beliefs ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Rate Discrimination ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
Discrimination Method

AbstractInteroception - the physiological sense of our inner bodies - has risen to the forefront of psychological and psychiatric research. Much of this research utilizes tasks that attempt to measure the ability to accurately detect cardiac signals. Unfortunately, these approaches are confounded by well-known issues limiting their validity and interpretation. At the core of this controversy is the role of subjective beliefs about the heart rate in confounding measures of interoceptive accuracy. Here, we recast these beliefs as an important part of the causal machinery of interoception, and offer a novel psychophysical “heart rate discrimination” method to estimate their accuracy and precision. By applying this task in 218 healthy participants, we demonstrate that cardiac interoceptive beliefs are more biased, less precise, and are associated with poorer metacognitive insight relative to a matched exteroceptive control. Our task, provided as an open-source python package, offers users an intuitive, robust approach to quantifying cardiac beliefs.HighlightsCurrent interoception tasks conflate cardiac beliefs with accuracy.We introduce a Bayesian method for estimating cardiac belief accuracy and precision.Individuals underestimate their heart rate by −7 BPM (95% CI [−8.6 −5.3]) on average.Cardiac beliefs are associated with reduced precision and metacognitive insight.The task and modelling tools are provided in the Python Cardioception Package.

scholarly journals Estimating Resting Core Temperature Using Heart Rate

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Looney ◽  
Mark J. Buller ◽  
Andrei V. Gribok ◽  
Jayme L. Leger ◽  
Adam W. Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Thermal Work ◽  
Ct Data

ECTemp™ is a heart rate (HR)-based core temperature (CT) estimation algorithm mainly used as a real-time thermal-work strain indicator in military populations. ECTemp™ may also be valuable for resting CT estimation, which is critical for circadian rhythm research. This investigation developed and incorporated a sigmoid equation into ECTemp™ to better estimate resting CT. HR and CT data were collected over two calorimeter test trials from 16 volunteers (age, 23 ± 3 yrs; height, 1.72 ± 0.07 m; body mass, 68.5 ± 8.1 kg) during periods of sleep and inactivity. Half of the test trials were combined with ECTemp™’s original development dataset to train the new sigmoid model while the other was used for model validation. Models were compared by their estimation accuracy and precision. While both models produced accurate CT estimates, the sigmoid model had a smaller bias (−0.04 ± 0.26°C vs. −0.19 ± 0.29°C) and root mean square error (RMSE; 0.26°C vs. 0.35°C). ECTemp™ is a validated HR-based resting CT estimation algorithm. The new sigmoid equation corrects lower CT estimates while producing nearly identical estimates to the original quadratic equation at higher CT. The demonstrated accuracy of ECTemp™ encourages future research to explore the algorithm’s potential as a non-invasive means of tracking CT circadian rhythms.

Validation of heart rate measurement of Fitbit Charge 4 and Xiaomi Mi Band 5 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jachymek ◽  
Michał Tomasz Jachymek ◽  
Radosław Marek Kiedrowicz ◽  
Jarosław Kaźmierczak ◽  
Małgorzata Peregud-Pogorzelska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Concordance Correlation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Validation Criteria ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Fitness Trackers ◽  
Error Percentage

BACKGROUND Recent advances in mobile sensor technology have led to increased popularity of wrist-worn fitness trackers. The possibility to use a smartwatch as a rehabilitation tool to monitor patients’ heart rate during exercise has won the attention of many researchers. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of HR measurement performed by two wrist monitors: Fitbit Charge 4 (Fitbit) and Xiaomi Mi Band 5 (Xiaomi). METHODS 31 healthy volunteers were asked to perform a stress test on a treadmill. During the test their heart rate was recorded simultaneously by both wristbands and ECG at 1minute intervals. The mean absolute error percentage (MAPE), Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) and Bland-Altman were calculated to compare precision and accuracy of heart rate measurements. The estimated validation criteria were MAPE < 10% and LCCC < .8 RESULTS The overall MAPE of the Fitbit device was 10.19% (±11.79%) and the MAPE of Xiaomi was (6.89 % ± 9.75). LCCC of Fitbit HR measurements was .753 (95% CI:0.717-0.785) and of Xiaomi – .903 (0.886-0.917). In both devices the precision and accuracy were decreasing with the increasing exercise intensity. Age, sex, height, weight, BMI did not influence the accuracy of both devices. CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of a wearable wrist-worn heart rate monitor varies and depends on the intensity of training. The decision concerning the application of such a device as a monitor during in-home rehabilitation should be taken with caution, as it may prove not reliable enough.

Discriminative stimulus, subject-rated and cardiovascular effects of cocaine alone and in combination with aripiprazole in humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1469-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A Lile ◽  
William W Stoops ◽  
Paul EA Glaser ◽  
Lon R Hays ◽  
Craig R Rush
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Drug Discrimination ◽  
Discriminative Stimulus ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Stimulant Use

Aripiprazole is a dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist undergoing evaluation as a pharmacotherapy for stimulant-use disorders. Acutely administered aripiprazole attenuates the discriminative stimulus and other behavioral effects of d-amphetamine in humans; however, whether aripiprazole attenuates the effects of more commonly abused stimulants is unknown. The aim of this experiment was to assess the discriminative stimulus, subject-rated and cardiovascular effects of oral cocaine alone and following acute administration of aripiprazole in humans. Eight cocaine-dependent subjects learned to discriminate 150 mg cocaine from placebo. After acquiring the discrimination, the effects of cocaine (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg) administered alone and in combination with aripiprazole (15 mg) were determined. Significant effects of cocaine were observed for the drug discrimination task, stimulant-like subject-rated effects and heart rate. Limited effects of aripiprazole were revealed. However, for most measures, fewer doses of cocaine were significantly greater than placebo when combined with aripiprazole, suggesting a reduction in the discriminative stimulus, self-reported and cardiovascular effects of cocaine. These data are consistent with previous studies that have tested acutely administered aripiprazole in combination with d-amphetamine and suggest that the ability of aripiprazole to modify stimulant effects is a function of the duration of treatment (acute vs. chronic).

Effect of Heart-Rate Control Training on Heart-Rate Discrimination

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Marshall ◽  
Leonard H. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Heart Rate Control ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Discrimination Testing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rate Discrimination

4 subjects were exposed to discrimination-testing procedures before and after biofeedback training to increase and decrease their heart rates. Results indicated significant increases and decreases in heart rate, as well as a significant improvement in accuracy of discrimination. The results suggest improvements in discrimination may occur as a function of feedback training.

Videotape “Self-Confrontation Effect” as Function of Person Viewed and Task Performed

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Doerr ◽  
J. E. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Check List ◽  
Physiological Index ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Relevant Task ◽  
Interpersonal Discrimination ◽  
And Task

Effects of self-confrontation via videotape playback on self-image and self-other discrimination were assessed with Leary's Interpersonal Check List and Carr's Interpersonal Discrimination Task. Four subject groups were utilized: subjects viewing themselves in a self-image-related task situation (Relevant Task-Self-confrontation); subjects viewing themselves carrying out tasks not directly related to self-image (Irrelevant Task-Self-confrontation); subjects who saw another person in the image-relevant task situation (Relevant Task-Nonconfrontation); and subjects who saw another in the nonrelevant task situation (Irrelevant Task-Nonconfrontation). For both measures, only the Relevant Task-Self-confrontation group showed significant differences between pre- and post-videotape playback scores. The change was in the direction of greater congruency between self-as-seen-by-self and self-as-seen-by-others. Heart rate, measured as an ongoing physiological index of cognitive process, differed similarly as a function of task and presence or absence of self-confrontation.

Effect of Strenuous to Exhaustive Exercise on a Discrimination Task

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1139-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. McGlynn ◽  
Neil T. Laughlin ◽  
Virginia L. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Speed Of Response ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

A line-matching test was given to 14 subjects while exercising on a motor-driven treadmill. The speed and accuracy of each subject were recorded for 4 3-min. stages of exercise: Stage 1, 2.5 mph at 12% grade; Stage 2, 3.4 mph at 14% grade; Stage 3, 4.2 mph at 16% grade; Stage 4, 5.0 mph at 18% grade. Heart rate was recorded for each subject continuously throughout the test. Increased levels of concomitant exercise produced significantly increased speed of mental performance but had no significant effect on accuracy. The speed of response dropped significantly after the termination of exercise (posttest).

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