Cortical bone density by quantitative computed tomography mirrors disorders of bone structure in bone biopsy of non-dialysis CKD patients

ABSTRACT Objective: This work evaluates the relationship between ultrasonic reflection and bone density from fourteen cylindrical bovine cortical bone samples (3.0-cm thick). Methods: Twenty US reflection signals per sample were acquired along the bone surface (2.0-mm step). The Integrated Reflection Coefficient (IRC) from each signal was compared to Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT). Results: Seven IRC and QCT curves presented Pearson's Correlation R-values above 0.5. For weak correlation curves, QCT and IRC showed similar trends in several segments. Conclusion: IRC was sensitive to bone density variation. Level of Evidence: Experimental Study, Investigating a Diagnostic Test.

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Bone Microarchitecture Assessment by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Taking Corticosteroids

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.091231 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. 1473-1479 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

EDMUND K. LI ◽

TRACY Y. ZHU ◽

LAI-SHAN TAM ◽

VIVIAN W. HUNG ◽

JAMES F. GRIFFITH ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vertebral Fracture ◽

Bone Density ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Vertebral Fractures ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Bone Microarchitecture ◽

Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽

Cortical Bone Density ◽

Chronic Corticosteroid

Objective.We assessed the relationship between vertebral fracture and bone microarchitecture in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on chronic corticosteroid therapy using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).Methods.Fifty-nine Chinese women with SLE taking corticosteroid were selected to participate in a cross-sectional study. Vertebral fracture was confirmed semiquantitatively by lateral radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Density and microarchitecture at the distal radius were measured with HR-pQCT. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at hip and lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).Results.Twelve patients had vertebral fractures. The aBMD of spine or hip did not differ between those with and without vertebral fractures. Measures by HR-pQCT revealed that patients with vertebral fractures had significantly lower level of average bone density (p = 0.007), cortical bone density (p = 0.029), trabecular bone density (p = 0.024), trabecular bone volume to tissue volume (p = 0.023), and trabecular thickness (p = 0.011) than those without vertebral fractures. Independent explanatory variables associated with higher risk of vertebral fractures were older age (p = 0.013) and lower average cortical bone density (p = 0.029).Conclusion.Vertebral fracture in patients with SLE on chronic corticosteroid treatment was associated with alterations of bone density and microarchitectures measured by HR-pQCT and DEXA. However, alterations were more pronounced in measurements by HR-pQCT. Low cortical bone density and old age were significant predictors of vertebral fracture risk.

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Low Cortical Bone Density Measured by Computed Tomography in Children and Adolescents with Untreated Hyperthyroidism

The Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.01.045 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 150 (5) ◽

pp. 527-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Nawaporn Numbenjapon ◽

Gertrude Costin ◽

Vicente Gilsanz ◽

Pisit Pitukcheewanont

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Density ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cortical Bone Density

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Quantitative Analysis of Temporal Bone Density and Thickness for Robotic Ear Surgery

Frontiers in Surgery ◽

10.3389/fsurg.2021.740008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Emile Talon ◽

Miranda Visini ◽

Franca Wagner ◽

Marco Caversaccio ◽

Wilhelm Wimmer

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Temporal Bone ◽

Mass Distribution ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Ear Surgery ◽

Cortical Bone Density

Background and Objective: Quantitative assessment of bone density and thickness in computed-tomography images offers great potential for preoperative planning procedures in robotic ear surgery.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed computed-tomography scans of subjects undergoing cochlear implantation (N = 39). In addition, scans of Thiel-fixated ex-vivo specimens were analyzed (N = 15). To estimate bone mineral density, quantitative computed-tomography data were obtained using a calibration phantom. The temporal bone thickness and cortical bone density were systematically assessed at retroauricular positions using an automated algorithm referenced by an anatomy-based coordinate system. Two indices are proposed to include information of bone density and thickness for the preoperative assessment of safe screw positions (Screw Implantation Safety Index, SISI) and mass distribution (Column Density Index, CODI). Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the effects of age, gender, ear side and position on bone thickness, cortical bone density and the distribution of the indices.Results: Age, gender, and ear side only had negligible effects on temporal bone thickness and cortical bone density. The average radiodensity of cortical bone was 1,511 Hounsfield units, corresponding to a bone mineral density of 1,145 mg HA/cm3. Temporal bone thickness and cortical bone density depend on the distance from Henle's spine in posterior direction. Moreover, safe screw placement locations can be identified by computation of the SISI distribution. A local maximum in mass distribution was observed posteriorly to the supramastoid crest.Conclusions: We provide quantitative information about temporal bone density and thickness for applications in robotic and computer-assisted ear surgery. The proposed preoperative indices (SISI and CODI) can be applied to patient-specific cases to identify optimal regions with respect to bone density and thickness for safe screw placement and effective implant positioning.

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