Neurophysiological modulations in the (pre)motor-motor network and the role of GABA+ levels underlying age-related reaction time slowing

Lack of detailed understanding of the growth mechanism of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals has hindered sophisticated morphological and chemical control of this important emerging optoelectronic material. Here, we have elucidated the growth mechanism by slowing the reaction kinetics. When 1-bromohexane is used as an alternative halide source, bromide is slowly released into the reaction mixture, extending the reaction time from ~3 seconds to greater than 20 minutes. This enables us to monitor the phase evolution of products over the course of reaction, revealing that CsBr is the initial species formed, followed by Cs4PbBr6, and finally CsPbBr3. Further, formation of monodisperse CsBr nanocrystals is demonstrated in a bromide-deficient and lead-abundant solution. The CsBr can only be transformed into CsPbBr3 nanocubes if additional bromide is added. Our results indicate a fundamentally different growth mechanism for CsPbBr3 in comparison with more established semiconductor nanocrystal systems and reveal the critical role of the chemical availability of bromide for the growth reactions.<br>

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Key role of T cell defects in age-related vulnerability to West Nile virus.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1168229.684055 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Stanley Perlman

Keyword(s):

West Nile Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

West Nile ◽

Age Related

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Pathogenesis of Age-related Cataract: a systematic review of proteomic studies

Current Proteomics ◽

10.2174/1570164617999201020205100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Christina Karakosta ◽

Argyrios Tzamalis ◽

Michalis Aivaliotis ◽

Ioannis Tsinopoulos

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Oxidant Stress ◽

Critical Role ◽

Human Lens ◽

Nuclear Cataract ◽

Cataract Formation ◽

Post Translational Modification ◽

Ability To Act ◽

Age Related

Background/Objective:: The aim of this systematic review is to identify all the available data on human lens proteomics with a critical role to age-related cataract formation in order to elucidate the physiopathology of the aging lens. Materials and Methods:: We searched on Medline and Cochrane databases. The search generated 328 manuscripts. We included nine original proteomic studies that investigated human cataractous lenses. Results:: Deamidation was the major age-related post-translational modification. There was a significant increase in the amount of αA-crystallin D-isoAsp58 present at all ages, while an increase in the extent of Trp oxidation was apparent in cataract lenses when compared to aged normal lenses. During aging, enzymes with oxidized cysteine at critical sites included GAPDH, glutathione synthase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and PARK7. Conclusion:: D-isoAsp in αA crystallin could be associated with the development of age-related cataract in human, by contributing to the denaturation of a crystallin, and decreasing its ability to act as a chaperone. Oxidation of Trp may be associated with nuclear cataract formation in human, while the role of oxidant stress in age-related cataract formation is dominant.

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The Role of Negative Personality Traits in Psychological Adaptation

Russian Foundation for Basic Research Journal Humanities and social sciences ◽

10.22204/2587-8956-2018-092-03-115-125 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 115-125

Author(s):

Юлия Черткова ◽

Yuliya Chertkova ◽

Марина Егорова ◽

Marina Yegorova

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Twin Study ◽

Monozygotic Twins ◽

Psychological Adaptation ◽

Semantic Differential ◽

Personal Traits ◽

Only Children ◽

Age Related

The paper reflects one of the aspects of the research carried out within the framework of the project “Nature of variability of negative personality traits: a twin study”. The research reviews the adaptive component of negative personal traits. The sample of the study consisted of 136 members of monozygotic twins and 401 only children in their families aged 18-78. Life satisfaction was a generalized metric of psychological adaptation. It is shown that a number of negative personality traits (in particular, narcissism, authoritarianism) positively correlate with life satisfaction. The biased value of various personality traits, which can also indirectly serve as an indicator of adaptability of these psychological properties, was assessed using a semantic differential. The age-related changes in the perfect image of the self, which are associated primarily with some more attractive negative personal traits, as well as the multidirectional desired changes in personality traits in themselves and the twin (more power and conflict in themselves and less of the same in the brother/sister) also indicate that a number of negative personal traits play a positive role in psychological adaptation. It is assumed that these traits can have a compensatory function during stress, and the destructiveness of these traits can have a greater impact on people around than on themselves.

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A Developmental Perspective on the Genetic Basis of Alcohol Use Disorder

10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Elisa M. Trucco ◽

Gabriel L. Schlomer ◽

Brian M. Hicks

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Developmental Perspective ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Intermediate Phenotypes ◽

Problematic Alcohol ◽

Age Related ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Problematic Alcohol Use

Approximately 48–66% of the variation in alcohol use disorders is heritable. This chapter provides an overview of the genetic influences that contribute to alcohol use disorder within a developmental perspective. Namely, risk for problematic alcohol use is framed as a function of age-related changes in the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors and an end state of developmental processes. This chapter discusses the role of development in the association between genes and the environment on risk for alcohol use disorder. Designs used to identify genetic factors relevant to problematic alcohol use are discussed. Studies examining developmental pathways to alcohol use disorder with a focus on endophenotypes and intermediate phenotypes are reviewed. Finally, areas for further investigation are offered.

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