scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structure of the critically endangered tree Dimorphandra wilsonii and of the widespread in the Brazilian Cerrado Dimorphandra mollis: Implications for conservation

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena A. Viana e Souza ◽  
Maria Bernadete Lovato
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure

scholarly journals Clinging to survival: Critically Endangered Chapman's pygmy chameleon Rhampholeon chapmanorum persists in shrinking forest patches

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Krystal A. Tolley ◽  
Colin R. Tilbury ◽  
Jessica M. da Silva ◽  
Gary Brown ◽  
Yankho Chapeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Mitochondrial Marker ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Critically Endangered Chapman's pygmy chameleon Rhampholeon chapmanorum is endemic to the low elevation rainforest of the Malawi Hills in southern Malawi. Much of this forest has been converted to agriculture and it was uncertain whether chameleon populations have persisted. We used current and historical satellite imagery to identify remaining forest patches and assess deforestation. We then surveyed forest patches for the presence of this chameleon, and assessed its genetic diversity and structure. We estimated that 80% of the forest has been destroyed since 1984, although we found extant populations of the chameleon in each of the patches surveyed. Differentiation of genetic structure was strong between populations, suggesting that gene flow has been impaired. Genetic diversity was not low, but this could be the result of a temporal lag as well as lack of sensitivity in the mitochondrial marker used. Overall, the impact of forest loss is assumed to have led to a large demographic decline, with forest fragmentation preventing gene flow.

Genetic Diversity Assessment of a Critically Endangered Medicinal Plant Populations from Shorea tumbuggaia Roxb.

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Shastri P. Shukla ◽  
Abhishek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Endangered Tree Species ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant ◽  
Diversity Assessment

A successful assessment of genetic diversity is consider vital for formulating conservation of the rare, endangered and threatened (RET) species. Our aim was to assess the genetic diversity in Shorea tumbuggaia Roxb. population (Dipterocarpaceae family)—a critically endangered medicinal plant of conservative interest using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. According to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Conservation Assessment and Management Planning (CAMP) S. tumbuggaia is considered as an endemic and globally endangered tree species. RAPD markers were used to estimate the genetic variability and similarity among the S. tumbuggaia. Eighteen (18) primers of OPU (1-20) series generated a total of 137 polymorphic bands out of 735 total bands (19.86% polymorphism), with an average of 40.83 amplified bands per primers and 598 bands showed monomorphic banding pattern with an average of 33.22 per primers. Genetic similarity coefficients calculated from RAPD data ranged from 0.82 to 0.95, with the highest value of 0.95 in ST10 and ST11 and the lowest value of 0.82 between accessions ST2 and ST9, ST3 and ST4, ST4 and ST10 and ST5 and ST8.

scholarly journals Seedling Selection Using Molecular Approach for Ex Situ Conservation of Critically Endangered Tree Species (Vatica bantamensis (Hassk.) Benth. & Hook. ex Miq.) in Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291984950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayan Wahyu C. Kusuma ◽  
Siti R. Ariati ◽  
Rosniati A. Risna ◽  
Chika Mitsuyuki ◽  
Yoshihisa Suyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Ex Situ Collection

Ex situ conservation is an important complementary strategy for in situ to conserve endangered plant species. However, the limited areas designated for ex situ conservation such as in botanic gardens have become a great challenge for conservation practitioners and scientists attempting to optimally conserve the genetic diversity of targeted plant species. Our study aimed to assess genetic diversity and structure of wild seedlings of Vatica bantamensis, an endemic and critically endangered dipterocarp from Java (Indonesia). We also estimated genetic differentiation between the wild seedlings and existing ex situ collection and evaluated the genetic diversity preserved in the ex situ collection. Our analysis, using 730 single-nucleotide polymorphisms loci, showed that wild seedlings exhibited higher genetic diversity than the ex situ collection (nucleotide diversity, µ = 0.26 and 0.16, respectively). Significant genetic differentiation was also detected ( FST = 0.32) between wild seedlings and ex situ collection. Furthermore, we found high kinship within the ex situ collection suggesting low genetic diversity since the founding collection. We also detected three distinct genetic clusters from all samples combined (analysis of molecular variance, ϕ = 0.48, p < .001), with two clusters present in the wild seedlings that were not represented in the ex situ collection. We recommend that supplementary collections from the two newly identified genetic clusters in the wild seedlings should be incorporated to increase genetic diversity in the ex situ collection. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that understanding the population genetics of targeted endangered species provides better results for ex situ conservation strategies.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structure in natural populations of Cajui from Brazilian Cerrado

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37080
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Da Costa Gomes ◽  
Artemisa Nazaré Costa Borges ◽  
Giovana Sarah Sales Batista ◽  
Gizele De Andrade Luz ◽  
Maria Edileide Alencar Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
High Gene

Cajui (Anacardium spp.) is a native fruit tree (small cashew) of the Brazilian Cerrado and possesses the potential for commercialization. However, cajui exploitation occurs exclusively through extractivism in the absence of conservation strategies. The lack of conservation strategies may lead to a decrease in genetic diversity of Anacardium. In this work, the genetic diversity and population structure of three natural populations in Sete Cidades National Park (PNSC; PI, Brazil) were assessed using ISSR analysis of 56 cajui accessions and two A. occidentale accessions (outgroup) from Pacajus (CE, Brazil). A total of 112 markers were obtained, 93 (83.04%) of which were polymorphic. The diversity indices of these populations indicated moderate levels of genetic diversity. According to AMOVA, 96.17% of the genetic variability lay within populations, with low genetic differentiation among populations (ΦST = 0.03828). Furthermore, STRUCTURE analysis indicated the existence of four connected genetic groups. The findings show that the individuals from the three collection sites did not represent different subpopulations, likely due to the high gene flow (Nm = 6.7) favored by the floral biology of Anacardium, pollinators and small-animal seed dispersers. This research identifies genetically divergent individuals (C-03, C-05, C-22, C-26, C-34 and C-39), which should be considered priority individuals for conservation and can inform conservation programs for Anacardium spp.

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