Effect of synthesis route on catalytic properties and performance of Co3O4/TiO2 for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon oxidation under real engine operating conditions

Introduction. At present, stands with running drums are widely used for various types of tests. Power stands play a special role. Such stands take the mechanical power from the driving wheels of the car. This simulates the process of movement of the vehicle under operating conditions. Such equipment has various designs, principles of operation and performance. It is also used in tests that are different by purpose, development stages and types: research, control, certification, etc. Therefore, it is necessary in order to determine the traction-speed, fuel-efficient and environmental performance characteristics.Materials and methods. The paper provides the overview of the power stands with running drums, which are widespread on the domestic market. The authors carried out the analysis of the main structural solutions: schemes of force transfer between the wheel and the drum; types of loading devices; transmission layout schemes and features of the control and measuring complex. The authors also considered corresponding advantages and disadvantages, recommended spheres of application, demonstrated parameters and characteristics of the units’ workflow, presented components and equipment.Discussion and conclusions. The authors critically evaluate existing models of stands with running drums. Such information is useful for choosing serial models of stands and for developing technical tasks for designing or upgrading the equipment.

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Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si15519 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 298-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Arnaud Petit

Keyword(s):

Electricity Consumption ◽

Performance Comparison ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Vacuum Filter ◽

Sugar Mill ◽

Belt Press ◽

Vacuum Belt ◽

And Performance ◽

Mud Filtration ◽

The Impact

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

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Flow Coefficient Evaluation of Poppet Valves Used in Reciprocating Compressors for LDPE

Volume 5: High Pressure Technology; Nondestructive Evaluation Division; Student Paper Competition ◽

10.1115/pvp2008-61286 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Enzo Giacomelli ◽

Massimo Schiavone ◽

Fabio Manfrone ◽

Andrea Raggi

Keyword(s):

Pressure Drop ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Flow Coefficient ◽

Operating Life ◽

High Fatigue ◽

Strongly Connected ◽

And Performance ◽

Poppet Valves

Poppet valves have been used for a long time for very high pressure reciprocating compressors, as for example in the case of Low Density Polyethylene. These applications are very critical because the final pressure can reach 350 MPa and the evaluation of the performance of the machines is strongly connected to the proper operation and performance of the valve itself. The arrangement of cylinders requires generally a certain compactness of valve to withstand high fatigue stresses, but at the same time pressure drop and operating life are very important. In recent years the reliability of the machines has been improving over and over and the customers’ needs are very stringent. Therefore the use of poppet valves has been extended to other cases. In general the mentioned applications are heavy duty services and the simulation of the valves require some coefficients to be used in the differential equations, able to describe the movement of plate/disk or poppet and the flow and related pressure drop through the valves. Such coefficients are often determined in an experimental way in order to have a simulation closer to the real operating conditions. For the flow coefficients it is also possible today to use theoretical programs capable of determining the needed values in a quick and economical way. Some investigations have been carried out to determine the values for certain geometries of poppet valves. The results of the theory have been compared with some experimental tests. The good agreement between the various methods indicates the most suitable procedure to be applied in order to have reliable data. The advantage is evident as the time necessary for the theoretical procedure is faster and less expensive. This is of significant importance at the time of the design and also in case of a need to provide timely technical support for the operating behavior of the valves. Particularly for LDPE, the optimization of all the parameters is strongly necessary. The fatigue stresses of cylinder heads and valve bodies have to match in fact with gas passage turbulence and pressure drop, added to the mechanical behavior of the poppet valve components.

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CFD Study of Nozzle Configurations for Ultra High Bypass Engines

Volume 3C: General ◽

10.1115/93-gt-389 ◽

1993 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Zimmermann ◽

R. Gumucio ◽

K. Katheder ◽

A. Jula

Keyword(s):

Engine Performance ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Aerodynamic Design ◽

Thrust Coefficient ◽

Optimum Range ◽

Installation Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

And Performance ◽

Aircraft Aerodynamics ◽

Bypass Ratio

Performance and aerodynamic aspects of ultra-high bypass ratio ducted engines have been investigated with an emphasis on nozzle aerodynamics. The interference with aircraft aerodynamics could not be covered. Numerical methods were used for aerodynamic investigations of geometrically different aft end configurations for bypass ratios between 12 and 18, this is the optimum range for long missions which will be important for future civil engine applications. Results are presented for a wide range of operating conditions and effects on engine performance are discussed. The limitations for higher bypass ratios than 12 to 18 do not come from nozzle aerodynamics but from installation effects. It is shown that using CFD and performance calculations an improved aerodynamic design can be achieved. Based on existing correlations, for thrust and mass-flow, or using aerodynamic tailoring by CFD and including performance investigations, it is possible to increase the thrust coefficient up to 1%.

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Influence of the Copper(II) Oxide Dispersion on its Catalytic Properties in Carbon Monoxide Oxidation: A Comparative Study by Using Two Types of Catalytic Reactors

ChemCatChem ◽

10.1002/cctc.201600802 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (22) ◽

pp. 3546-3555 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dmitry A. Svintsitskiy ◽

Ilya Yu. Pakharukov ◽

Elena M. Slavinskaya ◽

Tatyana Yu. Kardash ◽

Valentin N. Parmon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Catalytic Properties ◽

Carbon Monoxide Oxidation ◽

Oxide Dispersion ◽

Catalytic Reactors

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Effect of the ionizing radiation on the catalytic activity of the BASF K-3-10 catalyst in the low-temperature conversion of carbon monoxide by water vapour. Stability of the radiation catalytic effects

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19861571 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 1571-1578 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Alois Motl

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Catalytic Activity ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Catalytic Effect ◽

Catalytic Properties ◽

Beta Radiation ◽

Fast Neutrons ◽

Time Interval ◽

The Stability ◽

Catalytic Effects

The radiation catalytic properties of the BASF K-3-10 catalyst were studied, namely the dependence of these effects on the time interval between the catalyst irradiation and the reaction itself and also on the length of the catalyst use. The catalytic effects decrease exponentially with the interval between the irradiation and the reaction if the catalyst is kept in the presence of air. The stability of effects induced by various types of radiations increases in the sequence beta radiation - gamma radiation - fast neutrons. The radiation catalytic effect stability in the reaction increases in the same sequence.

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Design and Performance of a Controlled Turbocharging System on Marine Diesel Engines

ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (ICEF2006) ◽

10.1115/icef2006-1520 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ioannis Vlaskos ◽

Ennio Codan ◽

Nikolaos Alexandrakis ◽

George Papalambrou ◽

Marios Ioannou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Electric Actuator ◽

Engine Simulation ◽

Engine Control System ◽

Turbocharging System ◽

Compressor Impeller ◽

Marine Diesel ◽

And Performance

The paper describes the design process for a controlled pulse turbocharging system (CPT) on a 5 cylinder 4-stroke marine engine and highlights the potential for improved engine performance as well as reduced smoke emissions under steady state and transient operating conditions, as offered by the following technologies: • controlled pulse turbocharging, • high pressure air injection onto the compressor impeller as well as into the air receiver, and • an electronic engine control system, including a hydraulic powered electric actuator. Calibrated engine simulation computer models based on the results of tests performed on the engine in its baseline configuration were used to design the CPT components. Various engine tests with CPT under steady state and transient operating conditions show the engine optimization process and how the above-mentioned technologies benefit engine behavior in both generator and propeller law operation.

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Moving Brick Receiver–Reactor: A Solar Thermochemical Reactor and Process Design With a Solid–Solid Heat Exchanger and On-Demand Production of Hydrogen and/or Carbon Monoxide

Journal of Solar Energy Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4042069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 141 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Silvan Siegrist ◽

Henrik von Storch ◽

Martin Roeb ◽

Christian Sattler

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Heat Exchanger ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Chemical Conversion ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

On Demand ◽

Commercial Plant ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Solar Thermochemical ◽

Oxidation Reactor

Three crucial aspects still to be overcome to achieve commercial competitiveness of the solar thermochemical production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide are recuperating the heat from the solid phase, achieving continuous or on-demand production beyond the hours of sunshine, and scaling to commercial plant sizes. To tackle all three aspects, we propose a moving brick receiver–reactor (MBR2) design with a solid–solid heat exchanger. The MBR2 consists of porous bricks that are reversibly mounted on a high temperature transport mechanism, a receiver–reactor where the bricks are reduced by passing through the concentrated solar radiation, a solid–solid heat exchanger under partial vacuum in which the reduced bricks transfer heat to the oxidized bricks, a first storage for the reduced bricks, an oxidation reactor, and a second storage for the oxidized bricks. The bricks may be made of any nonvolatile redox material suitable for a thermochemical two-step (TS) water splitting (WS) or carbon dioxide splitting (CDS) cycle. A first thermodynamic analysis shows that the MBR2 may be able to achieve solar-to-chemical conversion efficiencies of approximately 0.25. Additionally, we identify the desired operating conditions and show that the heat exchanger efficiency has to be higher than the fraction of recombination in order to increase the conversion efficiency.

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