Composite bone cements for hyperthermia: modeling and characterization of magnetic, calorimetric and in vitro heating properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 4831-4840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Miola ◽  
Francesco Laviano ◽  
Roberto Gerbaldo ◽  
Matteo Bruno ◽  
Alberto Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cements ◽  
Composite Bone

In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of Premixed PMMA-CaP Composite Bone Cements

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 2267-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shant Aghyarian ◽  
Elizabeth Bentley ◽  
Thao N. Hoang ◽  
Izabelle M. Gindri ◽  
Victor Kosmopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cements ◽  
In Vivo Characterization ◽  
Composite Bone

A novel degradable tricalcium silicate/calcium polyphosphate/polyvinyl alcohol organic-inorganic composite cement for bone filling

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110203
Author(s):  
Rongguang Zhang ◽  
Jinbo Hu ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Zhengwen Ding ◽  
Yalan Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Tricalcium Silicate ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Calcium Polyphosphate ◽  
Composite Bone

In this study, tricalcium silicate (C3S) calcium/polyphosphate/polyvinyl alcohol organic-inorganic self-setting composites were successfully designed. A variety of tests were conducted to characterize their self-setting properties, mechanical properties, degradation properties, and related biological properties. The composite bone cements showed a short setting time (5.5–37.5 min) with a 5:5–6:4 ratio of C3S/CPP to maintain a stable compressive strength (28 MPa). In addition, PVA effectively reduced the brittleness of the inorganic phase. Degradation experiments confirmed the sustainable surface degradation of bone cement. A maximum degradation rate of 49% was reached within 56 days, and the structure remained intact without collapse. Culturing MC3T3 cells with bone cement extracts revealed that the composite bone cements had excellent biological properties in vitro. The original extract showed a proliferation promotion effect on cells, whereas most of the other original extracts of degradable bone cements were toxic to the cells. Meanwhile, extracellular matrix mineralization and alkaline phosphatase expression showed remarkable effects on cell differentiation. In addition, a good level of adhesion of cells to the surfaces of materials was observed. Taken together, these results indicate that C3S/CPP/PVA composite bone cements have great potential in bone defect filling for fast curing.

Assays for Phospholipid-Dependent Formation of Thrombin and Xa: A Potential Method for Quantifying Lupus Anticoagulant Activity

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (04) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Anticoagulant Activity ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Quantitative Expression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Apparent Association

SummaryLupus anticoagulants (LAs) are antibodies which interfere with phospholipid-dependent procoagulant reactions. Their clinical importance is due to their apparent association with an increased risk of thrombo-embolic disease. To date there have been few assays for quantifying the specific activity of these antibodies in vitro and this has hampered attempts to purify and characterize these antibodies. Methods for determining phospholipid-dependent generation of thrombin and factor Xa are described. Isolated IgG fractions from 7 of 9 patients with LAs were found to reproducibly inhibit enzyme generation in these assay systems, permitting quantitative expression of inhibitor activity. Different patterns of inhibitory activity, based on the relative inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa generation, were found, further substantiating the known heterogeneity of these antibodies. These systems may prove helpful in further purification and characterization of LAs.

Characterization of the Original Christmas Disease Mutation (Cysteine 206 → Serine): From Clinical Recognition to Molecular Pathogenesis

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (01) ◽  
pp. 063-065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherryl A M Taylor ◽  
Jacalyn Duffin ◽  
Cherie Cameron ◽  
Jerome Teitel ◽  
Bernadette Garvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Causative Mutation ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Splice Junctions

SummaryChristmas disease was first reported as a distinct clinical entity in two manuscripts published in 1952 (1, 2). The eponym associated with this disorder, is the surname of the first patient examined in detail and reported by Biggs and colleagues in a paper describing the clinical and laboratory features of seven affected individuals (3). This patient has severe factor IX coagulant deficiency (less than 0.01 units/ml) and no detectable circulating factor IX antigen (less than 0.01 units/ml). Coding sequence and splice junctions of the factor IX gene from this patient have been amplified in vitro through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One nucleotide substitution was identified at nucleotide 30,070 where a guanine was replaced by a cytosine. This mutation alters the amino acid encoded at position 206 in the factor IX protein from cysteine to serine. The non conservative nature of this substitution, the absence of this change in more than 200 previously sequenced factor IX genes and the fact that the remainder of the coding region of this gene was normal, all provide strong circumstantial evidence in favour of this change being the causative mutation in this patient. The molecular characterization of this novel mutation in the index case of Christmas disease, contributes to the rapidly expanding body of knowledge pertaining to Christmas disease pathogenesis.

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