The Order in The Structure of Motives of Activity: Quantitative Description

The purpose of the study is to conduct an empirical verification of the validity of the theoretical assumption that there is an order in the structure of motives of activity, which is determined by the proportionality between the significance of each motive in their aggregate significance and is quantitatively manifested in the parameters of the hyperbolic H-distribution ranked by the parameter. The necessary conditions for solving this problem are highlighted: a) structural elements - weakly functionally dependent on each other motives; b) in the structure of motives, the functional significance of each has a quantitative expression, which must be measured through the organization of empirical research; c) the measure of the total functional significance of all motives is limited by the situation of activity and the costs of obtaining its product. On a sample of students of the first, second, third, fourth courses of technical and humanitarian specialties (N=860) using the method of subjective assessment of the significance of each of the three motives for studying at the university in their combined significance (“acquisition of knowledge”; “mastering a profession”; “obtaining a diploma”) and using a given level of the average error of approximation of empirical results with an H-distribution of 10%, it was found that statistically, at a level of error probability less than 20%, students with an average error below a given level predominate. The possible formal and substantive reasons that led to a decrease in the validity of the result are named. The interpretation of the results in the context of the “junction” of systems theory and activity theory is presented. The directions of further research in the context of the proposed model are determined.

MTHFD2 Expression Association with Bladder Cancer and Screening of its Potential Inhibitor

BackgroundBladder cancer is the most common urological malignancy. Genes of folate mediated 1 carbon metabolism are found to be highly up regulated in tumor cells and promotes tumor cell proliferation. Rationale and aim of the studyThe aim of the current study was to determine the expression of MTHFD2 gene and the impact of intronic SNP rs1667627 on MTHFD2 expression Furthermore, determination of potential ligand based inhibitors against MTHFD2. Methods & ResultsSemi-quantitative expression analysis and sanger sequencing were used for this purpose. Moreover, structure based virtual ligand library screening in order to find plausible inhibitors.MTHFD2 expression was significantly increased with tumor stage progression both in low and high-grade bladder cancer. However, the relative fold change difference in low grade bladder cancer in correlation with the tumor stage progression was more dramatic. Contrary to the TCGA dataset analysis, increased MTHFD2 expression was observed in papillary bladder cancer tumor. G to A transition in the intronic variant rs1667627 SNP was determined in tumor tissues as compared to control. Virtual ligand based library screening against the three dimensional MTHFD2 protein lead to identification of a plausible inhibitor MCULE-8027924848 that displayed lower binding free energy as compared to already documented LY345899. ConclusionMTHFD2 might be used as low-grade bladder cancer biomarker since its expression level changes drastically with tumor progression. Further, experimental studies are required to establish the potential mode of inhibition of MCULE-8027924848 ligand.

The Impact of Adaptation Measures and Vocational Training on the Effectiveness of Organizations with Multinational Personnel

Globalization has turned Russian industrial cities into intercultural hubs that attract migrant workers. Organizations with multinational personnel need to provide their foreign employees with adaptation procedures and professional training. Multinational teams perform better when social distance is small and interaction is more vivid. The research objective was to substantiate the need for multinational organizations to use a system of adaptation and vocational training, as well as to describe the expected effect of such measures. The article introduces some practical recommendations for improving and forecasting the corporative performance based on the cultural profile of human resources. The forecasting method relies on the quantitative expression of qualitative indicators of personnel management in order to determine the regression dependency of the performance from the initial processes of personnel management. The paper also describes the adaptation and training features of foreign personnel, the current state of adaptation and personnel training in multiethnic organizations, and the optimal levels of management indicators that affect the intermediate performance of such organizations.

Remote Sensing Detecting of Yellow Leaf Disease of Arecanut Based on UAV Multisource Sensors

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology can be used for fast and efficient monitoring of plant diseases and pests, but these techniques are qualitative expressions of plant diseases. However, the yellow leaf disease of arecanut in Hainan Province is similar to a plague, with an incidence rate of up to 90% in severely affected areas, and a qualitative expression is not conducive to the assessment of its severity and yield. Additionally, there exists a clear correlation between the damage caused by plant diseases and pests and the change in the living vegetation volume (LVV). However, the correlation between the severity of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut and LVV must be demonstrated through research. Therefore, this study aims to apply the multispectral data obtained by the UAV along with the high-resolution UAV remote sensing images to obtain five vegetation indexes such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), optimized soil adjusted vegetation index (OSAVI), leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), and normalized difference red edge (NDRE) index, and establish five algorithm models such as the back-propagation neural network (BPNN), decision tree, naïve Bayes, support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest-neighbor classification to determine the severity of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut, which is expressed by the proportion of the yellowing area of a single areca crown (in percentage). The traditional qualitative expression of this disease is transformed into the quantitative expression of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut per plant. The results demonstrate that the classification accuracy of the test set of the BPNN algorithm and SVM algorithm is the highest, at 86.57% and 86.30%, respectively. Additionally, the UAV structure from motion technology is used to measure the LVV of a single areca tree and establish a model of the correlation between the LVV and the severity of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut. The results show that the relative root mean square error is between 34.763% and 39.324%. This study presents the novel quantitative expression of the severity of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut, along with the correlation between the LVV of areca and the severity of the yellow leaf disease of arecanut. Significant development is expected in the degree of integration of multispectral software and hardware, observation accuracy, and ease of use of UAVs owing to the rapid progress of spectral sensing technology and the image processing and analysis algorithms.

SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE FORCES ON THE SOCIAL SITUATION OF HUMANITY

Scientific provisions on the social development of mankind in the third millennium in Ukraine and in the world are revealed. It is established that this direction is the result of the emergence in this period of a global continuous ecological, natural and socio-economic crisis of all mankind. In particular, the socio-economic crisis is manifested in the deterioration of socio-economic conditions of the vast majority of people and arise through the private-individual economic system of capitalism based on private ownership of means of production and class division of economic spheres. It is in this environment that the social contradictions between the two classes of owners for the means of production and the labor force, which can be reconciled in an evolutionary way under the influence of objective economic laws and the universe, mature. Such laws include such as the universal law of equilibrium, the law of human evolution, the social development of production relations in accordance with the level and quality of achievement of productive forces. Therefore, the progress of social relations is seen as a derivative of the development of productive forces, as a historical inevitability. The quantitative expression of the combination as the level of productive forces and production relations in the article considers the category of labor potential of society, in relation to which social development and change are determined, so the formula of its quantitative definition is revealed.

LncRNA NNT-AS1 regulates proliferation, ECM accumulation and inflammation of human mesangial cells induced by high glucose through miR-214-5p/smad4

Background LncRNA NNT-AS1 (NNT-AS1) has been extensively studied as the causative agent in propagation and progression of lung and bladder cancers, and cholangiocarcinoma. However, its significance in proliferation and inflammation of diabetic nephropathy is enigmatic. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms followed by NNT-AS1 to establish diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential miRNA target. Methods Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential miRNA target of NNT-AS1 and smad4 transcription factor was conducted using LncBase and TargetScan, and was subsequently confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Relative quantitative expression of NNT-AS1 in human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMCs) was detected through quantitative real-time PCR and WB analysis. Cell proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay, whereas, ELISA was conducted to evaluate the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Following this, relative expression of miR-214-5p and smad4 were confirmed through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results Results from the experiments manifested up-regulated levels of NNT-AS1 and smad4 in the blood samples of DN patients as well as in HGMCs, whereas, downregulated levels of miR-214-5p were measured in the HGMCs suggesting the negative correlation between NNT-AS1 and miR-214-5p. Potential binding sites of NNT-AS1 showed miR-214-5p as its direct target and NNT-AS1 as potential absorber for this microRNA, in turn increasing the expression of transcription factor smad4. Conclusion The data suggests that NNT-AS1 can be positively used as a potential biomarker and indicator of DN and causes extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and inflammation of human mesangial cells.

Investigations into SCAMP5, a candidate lupus risk gene expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

ObjectiveWe have investigated the molecular function of SCAMP5, a candidate risk gene for SLE exclusively expressed in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) among peripheral leucocytes.MethodsWe tested the independence of the association in SCAMP5 with SLE by performing conditional analyses. We profiled the expression pattern of SCAMP5 among circulating leucocytes at the transcript and protein levels. Using lentiviral vectors, we localised the subcellular distribution of SCAMP5 alongside the interferon secretory pathway. We analysed pDCs for the expression of SCAMP5 and interferon production capacity by SCAMP5 genotype. Finally, we examined pDC-specific SCAMP5 isoforms by total RNAseq analysis and examined for genotype-associated quantitative differences therein.ResultsA conditional analysis revealed evidence of an independent genetic association of SCAMP5 with SLE. Among circulating leucocytes, SCAMP5 is uniquely expressed in pDCs at the transcript and protein levels, with main presence in the Golgi apparatus and minor presence at the cell periphery. In live cells, SCAMP5 displayed dynamic Golgi-cell surface trafficking and localised with the interferon secretory pathway. SCAMP5 did not differ in expression levels in pDCs between genotyped donors; however, a transient interferon secretory defect was noted in pDCs from donors carrying the risk genotype.ConclusionsSCAMP5 constitutes a novel SLE risk gene on the basis of genomic data and expression in a cell type widely implicated in SLE pathogenesis. While we could not find evidence of quantitative expression differences in SCAMP5 between genotyped donors, SCAMP5 remains an attractive gene to explore given its highly restricted expression pattern and colocalisation with interferon secretion.

Asymmetric Interplay Between K+ and Blocker and Atomistic Parameters From Physiological Experiments Quantify K+ Channel Blocker Release

Modulating the activity of ion channels by blockers yields information on both the mode of drug action and on the biophysics of ion transport. Here we investigate the interplay between ions in the selectivity filter (SF) of K+ channels and the release kinetics of the blocker tetrapropylammonium in the model channel KcvNTS. A quantitative expression calculates blocker release rate constants directly from voltage-dependent ion occupation probabilities in the SF. The latter are obtained by a kinetic model of single-channel currents recorded in the absence of the blocker. The resulting model contains only two adjustable parameters of ion-blocker interaction and holds for both symmetric and asymmetric ionic conditions. This data-derived model is corroborated by 3D reference interaction site model (3D RISM) calculations on several model systems, which show that the K+ occupation probability is unaffected by the blocker, a direct consequence of the strength of the ion-carbonyl attraction in the SF, independent of the specific protein background. Hence, KcvNTS channel blocker release kinetics can be reduced to a small number of system-specific parameters. The pore-independent asymmetric interplay between K+ and blocker ions potentially allows for generalizing these results to similar potassium channels.

iHypoxia: an integrative database of the expression dynamics of proteins in response to hypoxia in animals

Decreased oxygen concentrations (hypoxia) outside of the physiological range may severely subvert cell, tissue, and organism survival. Mammals have evolved mechanisms to sense hypoxia and induce a series of hypoxic responses. In recent years, high-throughput techniques have greatly promoted global perturbation studies of protein expression during hypoxia, and these studies have contributed to the understanding of the complex regulatory networks of hypoxia. In this study, we developed an integrated resource for the expression dynamics of proteins in response to hypoxia (iHypoxia), which contains 1,629 expression events of 1,215 proteins identified by low-throughput experiments (LTEs) and 154,953 quantitative expression events of 36,194 proteins identified by high-throughput experiments (HTEs) from five mammals that exhibit a response to hypoxia. Various experimental details such as the hypoxic experimental conditions, expression patterns, and samples were carefully collected and integrated. In addition, we conducted an orthologous search and identified 581,763 proteins that may respond to hypoxia among 50 animals. An enrichment analysis of human proteins identified from LTEs showed that these proteins were enriched in certain drug targets and cancer genes. The annotation of known posttranslational modification (PTM) sites to proteins identified by LTEs revealed that these proteins underwent extensive PTMs, particularly phosphorylation, ubiquitination and acetylation. Based on the results, iHypoxia provides a convenient and user-friendly method for users to obtain hypoxia-related information of interest. We anticipate that iHypoxia, which is freely accessible at http://ihypoxia.omicsbio.info, will advance the understanding of hypoxia and serve as a valuable data resource.