Analysis on discharge behavior of antiferroelectric ceramics for pulse capacitors

AbstractThe electric eel is a unique species that has evolved three electric organs. Since the 1950s, electric eels have generally been assumed to use these three organs to generate two forms of electric organ discharge (EOD): high-voltage EOD for predation and defense and low-voltage EOD for electrolocation and communication. However, why electric eels evolved three electric organs to generate two forms of EOD and how these three organs work together to generate these two forms of EOD have not been clear until now. Here, we present the third form of independent EOD of electric eels: middle-voltage EOD. We suggest that every form of EOD is generated by one electric organ independently and reveal the typical discharge order of the three electric organs. We also discuss hybrid EODs, which are combinations of these three independent EODs. This new finding indicates that the electric eel discharge behavior and physiology and the evolutionary purpose of the three electric organs are more complex than previously assumed. The purpose of the middle-voltage EOD still requires clarification.

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Understanding the Coffee ring Effect on Self‐discharge Behavior of Printed micro‐Supercapacitors

Energy & Environmental Materials ◽

10.1002/eem2.12179 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jingzhi Hu ◽

Zhaohua Xu ◽

Kai Yuan ◽

Chao Shen ◽

Keyu Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coffee Ring ◽

Discharge Behavior ◽

Coffee Ring Effect ◽

Ring Effect

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Delayed Discharge Bridging Two Sputtering Modes from Modulated Pulsed Power Magnetron Sputtering (MPPMS) to Deep Oscillation Magnetron Sputtering (DOMS)

Plasma ◽

10.3390/plasma4020016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 239-251

Author(s):

Masaomi Sanekata ◽

Hiroshi Nishida ◽

Tatsuya Watabe ◽

Yuki Nakagomi ◽

Yoshihiro Hirai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetron Sputtering ◽

Discharge Current ◽

Electrical Breakdown ◽

Pulsed Power ◽

Current Waveform ◽

Delayed Discharge ◽

Plot Analysis ◽

Delay Times ◽

Discharge Behavior ◽

Delayed Discharges

Delayed discharges due to electrical breakdown are observed in modulated pulsed pow er magnetron sputtering (MPPMS) plasma of titanium. The delayed discharge, which is remarkable with decreasing argon gas pressure, transforms the discharge current waveform from a standard modulated pulsed discharge current waveform to a comb-like discharge current waveform consisting of several pulses with high power. In addition, the delay times, consisting of statistical times and formative times in the delayed MPPMS discharges, are experimentally measured with the help of Laue plot analysis. The pressure dependence of delay times observed indicates that the delayed discharge behavior matches the breakdown characteristics well. In the present study, the delayed discharge dynamics of the comb-like discharge current waveform, which can be the origin of deep oscillation magnetron sputtering, are investigated based on measurement of the delay times and the characteristics of discharge current waveforms.

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