Abstract
Background To understand the latest data on the prevalence and incidence rates for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and its factors, we systematically reviewed recent studies on epidemiology of PBC.Methods Case-finding and general population-based studies reporting prevalence and/or incidence rates for PBC were systematically identified by searching electronic databases combined with manual searching.Results A total of 37,452 PBC patients from 22 studies based on cases and 6 based on general population were included, which covered over 112.62 million inhabitants and 107,490 individuals undergoing health check-ups. As for case-finding studies, global prevalence and incidence rates for PBC ranged from 2.6 to 58.2 per 100,000 inhabitants and 0.8 to 5.3 per 100,000 inhabitants/year during the past decade, in which the variable data are associated with gender, age, race and region. Of the individuals undergoing health check-ups, 1,034 were positive for type M2 antimitochondrial antibody (AMA-M2) and 150 were diagnosed as PBC, and prevalence rates of positive AMA-M2 and PBC ranged from 430.7 to 1,456.9 and 49.2 to 276.6 per 100,000 individuals. The prevalence ratios of male/female were 1:2.2 and 1:4.1 in individuals with positive AMA-M2 and in PBC patients.Conclusions Global prevalence and incidence rates for PBC vary widely, which were significantly affected by gender, age, race and region. Studies based on general population showed a much higher prevalence of PBC and AMA-M2, and the association of gender with AMA-M2 may be far less than that with PBC in real world.
Meta-Analysis of Antinuclear Antibodies in the Diagnosis of Antimitochondrial Antibody-Negative Primary Biliary Cholangitis
