Individual selection of gait retraining strategies is essential to optimally reduce medial knee load during gait

ObjectiveMechanical factors, in particular increased medial knee joint load, are believed to be important in the structural progression of knee osteoarthritis. This study evaluated the relationship of medial knee load during walking to indices of structural disease progression, measured on MRI, in people with medial knee osteoarthritis.MethodsA longitudinal cohort design utilising a subset of participants (n=144, 72%) enrolled in a randomised controlled trial of lateral wedge insoles was employed. Medial knee load parameters including the peak knee adduction moment (KAM) and the KAM impulse were measured at baseline using three-dimensional gait analysis during walking. MRI at baseline and at 12 months was used to assess structural indices. Multiple regression with adjustment for covariates assessed the relationship between medial knee load parameters and the annual change in medial tibial cartilage volume. Binary logistic regression was used for the dichotomous variables of progression of medial tibiofemoral cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions (BML).ResultsA higher KAM impulse, but not peak KAM, at baseline was independently associated with greater loss of medial tibial cartilage volume over 12 months (β=29.9, 95% CI 6.3 to 53.5, p=0.01). No significant relationships were seen between medial knee load parameters and the progression of medial tibiofemoral cartilage defects or BML.ConclusionThis study suggests knee loading, in particular the KAM impulse, may be a risk factor for loss of medial tibial cartilage volume. As knee load is modifiable, load-modifying treatments may potentially slow disease progression.

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Theoretical justification of the possibility of selection perspective individuals in variety populations of self-pollinators on the example of soybean

Oil Crops Scientific and technical bulletin of All-Russian Research Insitute of Oil Crops by the name of Pustovoit V S ◽

10.25230/2412-608x-2021-2-186-31-40 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 186 (2) ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

V.M. Lukomets ◽

◽

S.V. Zelentsov ◽

E.V. Moshnenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

F1 Hybrids ◽

Individual Selection ◽

Breeding Methods ◽

Morphometric Traits ◽

Phenotypic Differences ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Oil Crops ◽

Experimental Base ◽

Modified Formula ◽

Selection Of

Breeding practice shows that soybean cultivars developed by synthetic breeding methods are submitted for the state variety testing in the F10–F11 generation. But the newly bred cultivars are not completely homozygous. The studies were related to the determination of the frequencies of formation of atypical and suitable for selection promising individuals in soybean cultivars developed by synthetic breeding methods. The studies were carried out in 2019–2020 at the central experimental base of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar. In the experiments, we used cultivars of our own breeding: Selena, Puma, Vita, Irbis, Bars, Barguzin and Sayana with a total age of 11–15 years from the year F1 hybrids were obtained. To confirm the practical possibility of isolating individuals differing from the phenotypic varietal norm in varietal populations, a complete examination of the crops of all studied soybean cultivars was carried out. In the fields of all cultivars, individuals were identified that differed from the varietal norm phenotypically. Mostly, the isolated individuals were distinguished by an increased plant height, a more powerful habit, an increased number of beans per plant, and resistance to lodging. The facts of the detection of atypical individuals with improved morphological traits in soybean cultivars of different ages confirm the possibility of individual selection of plants in varietal populations based on morphometric traits. The statistical dynamics of a decrease in heterozygous individuals in increasing generations in a hybrid self-pollinating population in terms of the number of paired genes, by which the parental forms can hypothetically differ, were calculated using the modified formula of S. Borojević (1984). It was found that the frequency of formation of phenotypically different individuals in varietal populations of soybeans depends on the total age of the cultivar. The frequency of the formation of morphologically different individuals decreases with an increase in the number of generations of the cultivar. Individual selection of individuals with positive phenotypic differences from the varietal norm can be recommended as an additional source of promising and practically homozygous starting material for accelerated analytical breeding of soybean.

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ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF PRE-TRANSFUSION IMMUNOHEMATOLOGICAL TESTING

Hematology and Transfusiology ◽

10.35754/0234-5730-2019-64-2-222-233 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 222-233

Author(s):

I. A. Pashkova

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Individual Selection ◽

Donor Blood ◽

Effective System ◽

Patients At Risk ◽

Screening And Identification ◽

Transfusion Complications ◽

Transfusion Reactions ◽

Selection Of

Introduction. Screening and identification of anti-erythrocyte alloimmune antibodies in recipients is an important and necessary step in their testing before blood transfusion.Aim. To formulate algorithms that could facilitate the process of pre-transfusion immunohematological testing.General findings. Such a testing allows the development of post-transfusion reactions and complications to be avoided. The presence of alloantibodies of various specificities and autoantibodies in the test blood may complicate pre-transfusion testing and require the use of additional methods (adsorption, elution, etc.). The author has proposed an effective system of algorithms for conducting immunohematological studies, which can be used to identify patients at risk of developing immune post-transfusion complications and ensure an individual selection of compatible donor blood-transfusion products.

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Изучение увологических и агробиологических показателей сорта винограда Кокур белый на различных подвоях для проведения клоновой селекции

Magarach. Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie ◽

10.35547/im.2019.21.2.005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 105-108

Author(s):

Nataliya Studennikova ◽

Zinaida Kotolovets ◽

Nadezhda Tikhomirova ◽

Natalia Urdenko

Keyword(s):

Training System ◽

Large Percentage ◽

Individual Selection ◽

Grapevine Variety ◽

Points Of View ◽

Relative Productivity ◽

Very High ◽

Production Conditions ◽

Selection Of

Представлены результаты работы по изучению влияния филлоксероустойчивых подвоев Берландиери × Рипариа Кобер 5ББ и Берландиери × Рипариа Телеки 4Б (СО4) на агробиологические и увологические показатели крымского технического белоягодного аборигенного сорта винограда Кокур белый в условиях Алуштинской долины (филиал «Алушта» ФГУП «ПАО «Массандра»). Для проведения исследований были выбраны: участок № 361, площадью 4,49 га, на котором произрастают кусты винограда Кокур белый, привитые на подвое Берландиери × Рипариа Кобер 5 ББ (2010 год посадки, схема 3 м ×1,25 м) и участок № 391, площадью 3,06 га, на котором возделываются растения сорта Кокур белый, привитые на подвое Берландиери × Рипариа Телеки 4Б (СО4) - 2011 год посадки, схема 3 м × 1 м). На обоих участках система ведения кустов - вертикальная трехпроволочная шпалера, формировка АЗОС-1, высота штамба - 1,3 м. Показана целесообразность проведения работ по улучшению сорта Кокур белый методом клоновой селекции на сортоподвойной комбинации Кокур белый подвой Кобер 5 ББ: у растений отмечен высокий уровень коэффициента плодоношения (0,92), довольно крупные грозди (365 г), урожай с куста в среднем составил 4,74 кг/куст, очень высокая продуктивность побега по сырой массе грозди - 336,6 г/побег, большой процент выхода мякоти и сока - 91,3%. Оценка имеющихся сортоподвойных комбинаций в производственных условиях позволила провести индивидуальный отбор генотипически ценных в биолого-хозяйственном отношении форм растений.The paper reports on the findings of a study on the influence of phylloxera-resistant rootstocks ‘Berlandieri’×‘Riparia Kober 5BB’ and ‘Berlandieri’×‘Riparia Teleki 4B (СО4)’ on the agro-biological and uvological indicators of Crimean aboriginal grapevine variety used in winemaking ‘Kokur Beliy in the conditions of Alushta valley (branch of Alushta FGUP PAO Massandra). The following were selected for research: plot № 361 with an area of 4.49 hectares with bushes of ‘Kokur Beliy’ grafted on rootstock of ‘Berlandieri’ × Riparia Kobera 5 BB’ (planting year - 2010, planting scheme 3 m ×1.25 m) and plot № 391 covering 3.06 hectares with ‘Kokur Beliy’ vines grafted on ‘Berlandieri’ × ‘Riparia Teleki 4B (СО4)’ rootstock - planting year - 2011, planting scheme 3 m×1 m). On both plots, the training system used was vertical three-wire trellis, vines shaped as AZOS-1, the trunk height 1.3 m. The paper demonstrates the relevance of the work on improvement of ‘Kokur Beliy’ cultivar with the help of clonal breeding on rootstock cultivar combination ‘Kokur Beliy’ rootstock ‘Kober 5 BB’: the plants demonstrated high relative productivity (0.92), quite large bunches (365 g), yield per bush made on average 4.74 kg/bush, very high shoot productivity as per raw bunch weight 336.6 g/shoot, a large percentage of pulp and juice output - 91.3 %. Assessment of the cultivar-rootstock combinations under production conditions allowed making individual selection of genotypically valuable, from the biological and economic points of view, plants.

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Assessment of Agricultural Valuable Indicators of Pure Lines of Tomato

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/70/13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 125-129

Author(s):

M. Adigozalov

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Factors ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Biological Characteristics ◽

Starting Material ◽

Individual Selection ◽

Ripening Time ◽

Characteristic Features ◽

Pure Lines ◽

Selection Of ◽

Research Institute

The article is devoted to the study of several tomatoes introduced and created in Vegetable Growing Research Institute (Baku) and pure lines derived from them. Biological and economically-valuable characteristics of varieties and obtained pure are given. It should be noted that in Azerbaijan, 25 different varieties of tomatoes are introduced and localized. These varieties have been cultivated on farms for years and have lost their farm valuable qualities due to various biotic an abiotic factors. Although tomato is a self-pollinating plant, special selection and seeding measures are required for reproduction. Therefore, in order to restore the original characteristics of regionalized tomato varieties, it is necessary to re-study their biological characteristics and economically-valuable qualities. Our research was carried out in the direction of individual selection and acquisition of pure lines of typical plants with characteristic features and characteristics. In the course of the work, 2–3 best pure lines were separated from each variety. These lines differ from the parent varieties in terms of ripening time, fruit weight and productivity. Thus, as a result of experiments, it was determined that they give the product in 10–15 days, the characteristics of coexistence are also high, forming uniformity in shape, size and color. The obtained lines are promising, will be included in the selection of seed work as a valuable starting material, and will also be increased.

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