The influence of random slowdown process and lock-step effect on the fundamental diagram of the nonlinear pedestrian dynamics: An estimating-correction cellular automaton

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 832-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijian Fu ◽  
Xiaodong Zhou ◽  
Yanqiu Chen ◽  
Junhui Gong ◽  
Fei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Step Effect

scholarly journals A Cellular Automaton Traffic Flow Model with Advanced Decelerations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingdong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Traffic Flow Model ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vehicle Deceleration ◽  
Real Traffic

A one-dimensional cellular automaton traffic flow model, which considers the deceleration in advance, is addressed in this paper. The model reflects the situation in the real traffic that drivers usually adjust the current velocity by forecasting its velocities in a short time of future, in order to avoid the sharp deceleration. The fundamental diagram obtained by simulation shows the ability of this model to capture the essential features of traffic flow, for example, synchronized flow, meta-stable state, and phase separation at the high density. Contrasting with the simulation results of the VE model, this model shows a higher maximum flux closer to the measured data, more stability, more efficient dissolving blockage, lower vehicle deceleration, and more reasonable distribution of vehicles. The results indicate that advanced deceleration has an important impact on traffic flow, and this model has some practical significance as the result matching to the actual situation.

scholarly journals Concept of a Decision-Based Pedestrian Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Von Krüchten ◽  
Andreas Schadschneider
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Single File ◽  
Model Yield

We develop a decision-based model for pedestrian dynamics which is an extension of the Stochastic Headway Distance Velocity (SHDV) model for single-file motion to two dimensions. The model is discrete in time, but continuous in space. It combines perception, anticipation and decision-making with the simplicity and stochasticity that are characteristic for cellular automaton models. The basic concept is discussed and preliminary results show that the model yield realistic trajectories and fundamental diagrams.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PEDESTRIAN FUNDAMENTAL DIAGRAM ACROSS CULTURES

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
UJJAL CHATTARAJ ◽  
ARMIN SEYFRIED ◽  
PARTHA CHAKROBORTY
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Fundamental Relation ◽  
Statistical Measure ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Organization Behavior ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics

The relation between speed and density is connected with every self-organization phenomenon of pedestrian dynamics and offers the opportunity to analyze them quantitatively. But even for the simplest systems, like pedestrian streams in corridors, this fundamental relation is not completely understood. A comparison of data from literature shows that specifications in text books as well as measurements under various experimental conditions differ significantly. In this contribution it is studied whether cultural influences and length of the corridor can be the causes for these deviations. To reduce as much as possible unintentional effects, a system is chosen with reduced degrees of freedom and thus the most simple system, namely the movement of pedestrians along a line under closed boundary conditions. It is found that the speed of Indian test persons is less dependent on density than the speed of German test persons. Surprisingly the more unordered behavior of the Indians is more effective than the ordered behavior of the Germans. This may be due to differences in their self-organization behavior. Without any statistical measure one cannot conclude about whether there are differences or not. By hypothesis test it is found quantitatively that these differences exist, suggesting cultural differences in the fundamental diagram of pedestrians.

Behavior-based cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keke Huang ◽  
Xiaoping Zheng ◽  
Yuan Cheng ◽  
Yeqing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Behavior Based

scholarly journals An Improved Single-Lane Cellular Automaton Model considering Driver’s Radical Feature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Qu ◽  
Mofeng Yang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Bin Ran ◽  
Linchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Speed Difference ◽  
Density State ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Traffic flow models are of vital significance to study the traffic system and reproduce typical traffic phenomena. In the process of establishing traffic flow models, human factors need to be considered particularly to enhance the performance of the models. Accordingly, a series of car-following models and cellular automaton models were proposed based on comprehensive consideration of various driving behaviors. Based on the comfortable driving (CD) model, this paper innovatively proposed an improved cellular automaton model incorporating impaired driver’s radical feature (RF). The impaired driver’s radical feature was added to the model with respect to three aspects, that is, desired speed, car-following behavior, and braking behavior. Empirical data obtained from a highway segment was used to initialize impaired driver’s radical feature distribution and calibrate the proposed model. Then, numerical simulations validated that the proposed improved model can well reproduce the traffic phenomena, as shown by the fundamental diagram and space-time diagram. Also, in low-density state, it can be found that the RF model is superior to the CD model in simulating the speed difference characteristics, where the average speed difference of adjacent vehicles for RF model is more consistent with reality. The result also discussed the potential impact of impaired drivers on rear-end collisions. It should be noted that this study is an early stage work to evaluate the existence of impaired driving behavior.

scholarly journals Friction effects and clogging in a cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansgar Kirchner ◽  
Katsuhiro Nishinari ◽  
Andreas Schadschneider
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics

A NEW CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW WITH DIFFERENT PROBABILITY FOR DRIVERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 773-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. ZHU ◽  
H. X. GE ◽  
S. Q. DAI
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Metastable State ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Ca Model

Based on the Nagel–Schreckenberg (NaSch) model of traffic flow, a new cellular automaton (CA) traffic model is proposed to simulate microscopic traffic flow. The probability p is a variable which contains a randomly selected term for each individual driver and a density-dependent term which is the same for all drivers. When the rational probability p is obtained, the larger value of maximum flow which is close to the observed data can be reached compared with that obtained from the NaSch model. The fundamental diagram obtained by simulation shows the ability of this modified CA model to capture the essential features of traffic flow, e.g., the spontaneous formation of traffic jams and appearance of the metastable state. These indicate that the presented model is more reasonable and realistic.

A REALISTIC TWO-LANE CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN JIA ◽  
RUI JIANG ◽  
QING-SONG WU
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Inhomogeneous System ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
Velocity Effect ◽  
Honk Effect

This paper extends a recently proposed single-lane cellular automaton model [Li et al., Phys. Rev. E64, 066128 (2001)], which considers the velocity effect of the preceding car, to two-lane traffic system. The traffic behaviors in both homogeneous system and inhomogeneous system are investigated. For homogeneous traffic, it is shown that the velocity effect enhances the maximum flux but does not change the qualitative properties of the fundamental diagram. Nevertheless, the qualitative changes of the lane changing frequency and congested pattern occur. In the inhomogeneous system, the honk effect is studied. It is found that the honk effect first strengthens then weakens with the increase of R, the ratio of slow cars to all cars.

SYNCHRONIZED FLOW AND PHASE SEPARATION IN A TWO-LANE CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAO-MING YUAN ◽  
RUI JIANG ◽  
QING-SONG WU ◽  
RUILI WANG
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Density Range ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Rule Set

This paper extends a cellular automaton model, named modified comfortable driving (MCD) model, to a two-lane roadway. A symmetric lane-changing rule set has been proposed (Set I). The fundamental diagram, the lane-changing frequency and space-time plots are presented. It is found that for the two-lane model, there exists a density range in which phase separation between synchronized flow and wide-moving jams on one lane, and between light synchronized flow and heavy synchronized flow on the other lane, can be maintained for quite long periods of time. In this density range, (i) the outflow from jams is synchronized flow; (ii) wide moving jams are sparse. These are consistent with the empirical observation. We also investigate a slightly different lane-changing rule Set II in which stopped vehicles are not allowed to change lane. It is shown that in this case, the phase separation, between free flow and wide moving jams on one lane and between free flow and heavy synchronized flow on the other lane, can be maintained for sufficiently long periods of time. Consequently, the flux is enhanced comparing to that of rule Set I.

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