A novel lattice hydrodynamic model accounting for individual difference of honk effect for two-lane highway under V2X environment

In this work, the individual difference of the honk effect is explored on two lanes via traffic modeling of the lattice model under Vehicle to X (V2X) environment. We study the impact of individual difference corresponding to honk cases on traffic stability through linear stability analysis for a two-lane highway. Furthermore, the mKdV equation under the lane changing phenomena is conducted via nonlinear analysis. Simulation cases for the early time and longtime impact reveal that individual difference of driving characteristics has a distinct impact on two lanes under the whistling environment.

Nonlinear analysis of the individual difference corresponding to honk effect for car-following theory under V2X environment

Originally, we would like to use traffic modeling for car-following model to recover the individual difference of driving behavior corresponding to honk effect under V2X environment. Traffic stability is related to the individual difference resulting from the honk effect, which states that the individual difference of honk effect plays a different significant impact on the traffic stability. Furthermore, the slowly varying behaviors are closely consistent with the individual difference corresponding to the honk effect for long waves. Numerical simulation indicates that the individual difference of driving behavior plays a different role on traffic flow dynamics under honk environment in car-following model.

A modified two-dimensional triangular lattice model under honk environment

The honk effect is not uncommon in the real traffic and may exert great influence on the stability of traffic flow. As opposed to the linear description of the traditional one-dimensional lattice hydrodynamic model, the high-dimensional lattice hydrodynamic model is a gridded analysis of the real traffic environment, which is a generalized form of the one-dimensional lattice model. Meanwhile, the high-dimensional traffic flow exposed to the open-ended environment is more likely to be affected by the honk effect. In this paper, we propose an extension of two-dimensional triangular lattice hydrodynamic model under honk environment. The stability condition is obtained via the linear stability analysis, which shows that the stability region in the phase diagram can be effectively enlarged under the honk effect. Modified Korteweg–de Vries equations are derived through the nonlinear stability analysis method. The kink–antikink solitary wave solution is obtained by solving the equation, which can be used to describe the propagation characteristics of density waves near the critical point. Finally, the simulation example verifies the correctness of the above theoretical analysis.

A new lattice hydrodynamic model for bidirectional pedestrian flow with consideration of pedestrians’ honk effect

Understanding the pedestrian behavior contributes to traffic simulation and facility design/redesign. In practice, the interactions between individual pedestrians can lead to virtual honk effect, such as urging surrounding pedestrians to walk faster in a crowded environment. To better reflect the reality, this paper proposes a new lattice hydrodynamic model for bidirectional pedestrian flow with consideration of pedestrians’ honk effect. To this end, the concept of critical density is introduced to define the occurrence of pedestrians’ honk event. In the linear stability analysis, the stability condition of the new bidirectional pedestrian flow model is given based on the perturbation method, and the neutral stability curve is also obtained. Based on this, it is found that the honk effect has a significant impact on the stability of pedestrian flow. In the nonlinear stability analysis, the modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation of the model is obtained based on the reductive perturbation method. By solving the mKdV equation, the kink-antikink soliton wave is obtained to describe the propagation mechanism and rules of pedestrian congestion near the neutral stability curve. The simulation example shows that the pedestrians’ honk effect can mitigate the pedestrians crowding efficiently and improve the stability of the bidirectional pedestrian flow.