Zein for hydrocarbon remediation: Emulsifier, trapping agent, or both?

2020 ◽  
Vol 589 ◽  
pp. 124456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatianna Marshall ◽  
Andrew J. Gravelle ◽  
Alejandro G. Marangoni ◽  
Abdallah Elsayed ◽  
Erica Pensini
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Agent

Demonstration of Secondary Lysosomes in Bovine Megakaryocytes and Platelets Using Acid Phosphatase Cytochemistry with Cerium as a Trapping Agent

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Ménard ◽  
Kenneth M Meyers ◽  
David J Prieur
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Golgi Complex ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Cerium Phosphate ◽  
Virtual Absence ◽  
Phosphatase Cytochemistry ◽  
Secondary Lysosomes ◽  
Trapping Agent

SummaryThe ultrastructure of lysosomes from bovine megakaryocytes (MK) and platelets was characterized using acid phosphatase cytochemistry with beta-glycerophosphate as substrate and cerium as a trapping agent. The technique was easily reproducible; cerium-phosphate precipitates were uniform, readily visualized, and there was a virtual absence of nonspecific reaction product. Acid phosphatase was localized in the trans aspect of the Golgi complex and/or granules of less than 50 nm to 650 nm diameters in MK at all stages of maturation. Forty percent of the MK lysosomes contained inclusions of variable shapes, sizes and electron-density and were classified as secondary lysosomes. Twenty-four percent of the platelet sections contained acid phosphatase-positive granules. Fifty-four percent of these were secondary lysosomes. This is the initial report demonstrating secondary lysosomes in either resting MK or platelets using acid phosphatase cytochemistry. These findings suggest that MK and platelet lysosomes have an intracellular function in resting MK and platelets.

Visible-Light Photosensitized Aryl and Alkyl Decarboxylative Carbon-Heteroatom and Carbon-Carbon Bond Formations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhin Patra ◽  
Satobhisha Mukherjee ◽  
Jiajia Ma ◽  
Felix Strieth-Kalthoff ◽  
Frank Glorius
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Alkyl Radical ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Alkyl Radicals ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Trapping Agent

<sub>A general strategy to access both aryl and alkyl radicals by photosensitized decarboxylation of the corresponding carboxylic acids esters has been developed. An energy transfer mediated homolysis of unsymmetrical sigma-bonds for a concerted fragmentation/decarboxylation process is involved. As a result, an independent aryl/alkyl radical generation step enables a series of key C-X and C-C bond forming reactions by simply changing the radical trapping agent.</sub>

Production of Free Radicals Arising from the Surface Activity of Minerals and Oxygen. Part I. Iron Mine Ores

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Costa ◽  
Joelle Guignard ◽  
Roger Zalma ◽  
Henri Pezerat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Activity ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Radical Oxygen Species ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Surface Sites ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Mineral Dusts ◽  
Trapping Agent ◽  
Excess Incidence

The excess incidence of lung cancers observed in many metal mines probably is not only correlated with radioactivity but also with the inhaled dusts. In an attempt to determine a possible mechanism of carcinogenicity related to the surface activity of dusts, using the spin-trapping agent and ESR spectroscopy, one can demonstrate that some mineral dusts from iron ore mines are very active in an oxidative process in aqueous medium, implying the formation of radical oxygen species on reducing surface sites of the solid. This reducing surface activity of the dusts depends on the presence of Fe2+ ion in the lattice and on the process of activation and passivation of the surface sites. The more simple process of activation is the dissolution of the oxidized coating on the particle surface. Among the oxides, oxyhydroxides, carbonates, and silicates, the magnesium-iron phyllosilicates (chlorite, biotite, berthierine) appear the most active. The siderite FeCO3 is also active, but the iron oxides and oxyhydroxides are generally nonactive.

scholarly journals Evidence that coated vesicles isolated from brain are calcium-sequestering organelles resembling sarcoplasmic reticulum.

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Blitz ◽  
R E Fine ◽  
P A Toselli
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Coated Vesicles ◽  
Potassium Oxalate ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Trapping Agent ◽  
The Brain

Coated vesicles from the brain have been purified to near morphological homogeneity by a modification of the method of Pearse. These vesicles resemble sarcoplasmic reticulum fragments isolated from skeletal muscle. They contain proteins with 100,000- and 55,000-dalton mol wt which co-migrate on polyacrylamide gels, in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, with the two major proteins of the sarcoplasmic reticulum fragment. These vesicles contain adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity which is stimulated by calcium ions in the presence of Triton X-100 (Rohm & Haas Co., Philadelphia, Pa.), displaying maximal activity at 8 x 10(-7) M Ca ++. They take up calcium ions from the medium, and this uptake is stimulated by ATP and by potassium oxalate, a calcium-trapping agent. The 100,000-dalton protein of the coated vesicles displays immunological reactivity with an antiserum directed against the 100,000-dalton, calcium-stimulated ATPase of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. As with the sarcoplasmic reticulum fragment, this protein becomes radiolabeled when coated vesicles are briefly incubated with gamma-labeled [32P]ATP. The possible functions of coated vesicles as calcium-sequestering organelles are discussed.

The spin trapping agent PBN stimulates H2O2-induced Erk and Src kinase activity in human neuroblastoma cells

Neuroreport ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1057-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Kelicen ◽  
Ippolita Cantuti-Castelvetri ◽  
Can Pekiner ◽  
K. Eric Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Src Kinase ◽  
Spin Trapping ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Trapping Agent

scholarly journals Enhancement of cerulenin production by a natural zeolite, an ammonium ion-trapping agent.

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROKUROU MASUMA ◽  
YOSHITAKE TANAKA ◽  
SATOSHI OMURA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Ion Trapping ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Trapping Agent

Visible photostability of some ruthenium and platinum phthalocyanines in water and in the presence of organic substrates

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Carchesio ◽  
Lucia Tonucci ◽  
Nicola d'Alessandro ◽  
Antonino Morvillo ◽  
Piero Del Boccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Furfuryl Alcohol ◽  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Trapping Agent

Water-soluble, metal-tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines ( -SO3H , MPcS and -COOH , MPcC) of platinum and ruthenium were synthesized and their photostability to visible light irradiation was determined. For the ruthenium phthalocyanines, the characteristic visible Q band of the phthalocyanines was almost totally suppressed after five days of irradiation. The platinum derivatives were instead more resistant to photodegradation, and the Q band did not decrease by more than 25%. The addition of carbonyl compounds to the phthalocyanine solution in water (at concentrations at least 1400-fold those of the phthalocyanines) dramatically accelerated the photobleaching of these phthalocyanine complexes. PtPcS turned from blue to green and to colorless with one day of visible-light irradiation in the presence of acetone. This effect decreased with the increase in molecular weight of the ketones (from acetone to 2-pentanone). The addition of alcohols (i.e. 1-butanol) or other organics (i.e. phenylacetic acid) did not affect the photostability of these metal-tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines. Dioxygen also had an important role, as when the solutions of phthalocyanines were carefully deaerated before irradiation, the visible spectra were preserved. The platinum phthalocyanines, as with the palladium analogs, sensitize the photoproduction of 1O2 , as shown by the formation of endoperoxide and its rearranged products in the presence of furfuryl alcohol (a singlet oxygen trapping agent).

THE ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANOMONAS METHANOOXIDANS BROWN AND STRAWINSKI

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Brown ◽  
R. J. Strawinski ◽  
C. S. McCleskey
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Trapping Agent

Procedures for the isolation and characterization of Metkanomonas methanooxidans Brown and Strawinski are described. Isolates from varied sources are alike in cellular morphology, inasmuch as they form only microcolonies, and in their dependence on methane or methanol as carbon and energy sources for growth. Both organic and inorganic nitrogen sources are used. The organism is a Gram negative non-sporeforming rod, 1.5 to 3.0 μ by 1.0 μ in size, and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. In growing cultures the oxygen/methane ratio was approximately 1.1 and in resting cells 1.7. The R.Q. for methane with resting cells was 0.43. Resting cells were unable to oxidize organic compounds other than methane, methanol, formaldehyde, and formate. Formic acid was detected in test solutions after cell suspensions had metabolized methane, methanol, and formaldehyde. Using sodium sulphite as trapping agent for formaldehyde, it was found that 60 to 70% of the methane or methanol consumed was converted to formaldehyde. In the presence of iodoacetate, 70% of the methane consumed was present terminally as methanol. Thus it was shown that methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid are sequential intermediates in the oxidation of methane by these organisms.

Paraquat-induced lung injury: prevention by N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, a free-radical spin-trapping agent

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (2) ◽  
pp. L147-L152
Author(s):  
T. Sata ◽  
E. Kubota ◽  
H. P. Misra ◽  
M. Mojarad ◽  
H. Pakbaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Spin Trapping ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Trapping Agent

The herbicide paraquat causes lung injury that is believed to be oxygen-radical mediated. To further characterize this injury and explore new methods of preventing it, we used the spin-trapping agent N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (PBN) to identify the paraquat radical in lung tissue and to reduce the injury resulting from the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species. The formation of a paraquat free radical by guinea pig lung was detected under anaerobic conditions by electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry. Infused (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg) into guinea pig lungs (perfused at constant flow with Krebs solution containing 4% bovine serum albumin and ventilated with 95% O2-5% CO2), paraquat produced dose-dependent increases in peak airway pressure (Paw), mean pulmonary arterial perfusion pressure (Ppa), and wet-to-dry (W/D) lung weight ratio. At 100 mg/kg, paraquat increased Paw by 589.6 +/- 59.8% (mean +/- SE, n = 8) and W/D ratio from 5.33 +/- 0.07 to 6.29 +/- 0.11 (P less than 0.001). Pulmonary vascular leak index increased from 0.40 +/- 0.09 to 1.96 +/- 0.45 (P less than 0.02), without changes in pulmonary microvascular pressure. Perfusate concentrations of thromboxane B2 and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha increased, but indomethacin did not reduce the injury. PBN (2.3 mM) markedly attenuated all evidence of lung injury, which was also reduced by catalase, mannitol, ethanol, and vitamin E.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document