Reactive extrusion of sustainable PHBV/PBAT-based nanocomposite films with organically modified nanoclay for packaging applications: Compression moulding vs. cast film extrusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 108141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh K. Pal ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Extrusion ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film ◽  
Organically Modified

Preparation of Chitin Whisker and Effect to Crystallization of Polylactide

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Nichaphat Passornraprasit ◽  
Wanpen Tachaboonyakiat
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Thermal Transition ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Agglomeration Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Acidolysis Reaction ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chitin whisker (CW) to the crystallization of polylactide (PLA) nanocomposite films. CW which obtained from acidolysis reaction was compounded with PLA pellets into nanocomposite films by cast film extrusion. The morphology and crystallinity of CW were observed by TEM and XRD, illustrated that the dimension of whisker was affected by hydrolysis time. Increasing of hydrolysis time, the length of whisker was more regular with narrower distribution. Moreover, the crystallinity of whisker was obviously increased after acid hydrolysis. The nanocomposite film showed rough surface compared to pure PLA film due to some agglomeration of nanoparticles. However, CW and PLA were well-mixed with no phase separation. The introduction of 0.1 phr of CW decrease cold-crystallization temperature (Tcc) from about 121 °C to 118 °C and also increase the degree of crystallinity around 10%. There was no difference of thermal transition temperature between pure PLA and nanocomposite films with the addition of CW more than 0.1 phr which inspected by DSC. Despite the transition temperature express insignificantly different, the degree of crystallinity of nanocomposite was increase, indicating that chitin whisker would induce the crystallinity of PLA.

Isothermal and Anisothermal Models for Cast Film Extrusion

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Barq ◽  
J. M. Haudin ◽  
J. F. Agassant
Keyword(s):  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film

Cast Film Extrusion of Polypropylene Films

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cotto ◽  
P. Duffo ◽  
J. M. Haudin
Keyword(s):  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film ◽  
Polypropylene Films

Distributed Crystallinity Control during Cast Film Extrusion

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Leephakpreeda ◽  
C. Batur
Keyword(s):  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film

Cast Film Extrusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Agassant ◽  
Y. Demay ◽  
C. Sollogoub ◽  
D. Silagy
Keyword(s):  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film

Simulation of Liquid Crystal Polymer Directionality During Cast Film Extrusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Sullivan ◽  
Anil Saigal ◽  
Michael A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Liquid Crystal Polymers ◽  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Cast Film ◽  
Orientation State ◽  
Degree Of Orientation

Liquid crystal polymers (LCP’s) comprise a class of melt-processable materials that derive specialized mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties from long-range molecular ordering. This unique microstructure gives rise to anisotropic bulk behavior that can be problematic for industrial applications, and thus the ability to model the orientation state in the polymer is necessary for the design of isotropic material manufacturing processes. Previous efforts to model LCP directionality have been primarily restricted to structured grids and simple geometries that demonstrate the underlying theory, but fall short of simulating realistic manufacturing geometries. In this investigation, a practical methodology is proposed to simulate the director field in full-scale melt-processing set-ups, specifically cast film extrusion, to predict the bulk material orientation state. The hybrid approach utilizes separate simulations for the polymer flow with commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, and the material directionality through a user-defined post-processing script. Wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) is used to experimentally validate the simulated directionality during extrusion processing. It is shown that the model is capable of predicting both the direction and degree of orientation in the polymer resulting from processing, and the model produces strong agreement with experimental measurement of the polymer orientation state.

The Effect of Clay Content on PMMA-Clay Nanocomposite Foams

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan R. Manninen ◽  
Hani E. Naguib ◽  
A. Victoria Nawaby ◽  
Xia Liao ◽  
Michael Day
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Nanocomposite Foams ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Nanoclay Content ◽  
Co Precipitation

In this study the CO2 sorption at 45 °C in PMMA nanocomposite films containing 2 wt.% of nanoclay has been measured using an in-situ gravimetric technique. The films examined were prepared by compression moulding material obtained by dry-blend and solvent co-precipitation techniques. The CO2 diffusion coefficients were found to be higher for the dry-blended nanocomposite due to the larger agglomerations of the organoclay agglomerations, which prevented the polymer chains from fully wetting and intercalating the clay particles. The Tg-p profile for PMMA nanocomposite containing 2 wt.% nanoclay in the presence of CO2 was also measured using high-pressure DSC. The glass transition phase envelope was shifted vertically by approximately 10 °C when compared to the value reported in the literature for neat PMMA. This result suggests that the nanoclay affects the plasticization behaviour of PMMA under high-pressure CO2 conditions. The cellular morphologies obtained for these PMMA nanocomposite foams produced by batch processing with subcritical CO2 are strongly dependent upon the clay content and the dispersion of the nanoclay in the material. In the case of intercalated nanocomposites, most clay particles exist as agglomerated stacks of silicate sheets. On foaming the cells tend to form around the clay particles causing either irregular-shaped cells or layers to be produced. As a result, the cell density increases and the mean cell size decreases in the foamed nanocomposite on increasing the nanoclay content. Accordingly, the resulting cell structures are highly non-uniform and show large variations in cellular morphologies throughout the foam.

scholarly journals Systematic Investigation on the Structure-Property Relationship in Isotactic Polypropylene Films Processed via Cast Film Extrusion

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Di Sacco ◽  
Markus Gahleitner ◽  
Jingbo Wang ◽  
Giuseppe Portale
Keyword(s):  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Film Extrusion ◽  
Line Speed ◽  
Cast Film ◽  
Roll Temperature

The effect of cast film extrusion processing conditions, such as the chill-roll temperature, temperature of the melt, and line speed, on the structure of different isotactic polypropylene homo- and random copolymers has been investigated by means of Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS and WAXS) and correlated to stiffness and haze. Stiffness and transparency have been found to be strongly dependent on the temperature of the chill-roll. Interestingly, line speed has been found to affect the total crystallinity when the chill-roll temperature is increased, while an overall minor effect of the melt temperature was found for all cast films. The polymer characteristics, defined by the catalyst nature and comonomer content, affect the final material performance, with the single-site catalyzed grades performing better in both mechanics and optics. Haze levels were found to correlate with the mesophase content rather than to α-crystallinity and to be dependent on the domain size for all grades. The remarkably low haze levels reached by the single-site grade with higher isotacticity can arise from high nucleation rate and orientational effects, which ultimately yield smaller and smoother scattering domains.

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