Enhancing the short-beam strength of composite laminates using helical carbon nanotubes

2021 ◽  
pp. 108999
Author(s):  
Ramanan Sritharan ◽  
Davood Askari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Helical Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Short Beam

scholarly journals Improving flexural and dielectric properties of carbon fiber epoxy composite laminates reinforced with carbon nanotubes interlayer using electrospray deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1170-1182
Author(s):  
Muhammad Razlan Zakaria ◽  
Hazizan Md Akil ◽  
Mohd Firdaus Omar ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Aslina Anjang Ab Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrospray Deposition ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy

AbstractThe electrospray deposition method was used to deposit carbon nanotubes (CNT) onto the surfaces of woven carbon fiber (CF) to produce woven hybrid carbon fiber–carbon nanotubes (CF–CNT). Extreme high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (XHR-FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to analyze the woven hybrid CF–CNT. The results demonstrated that CNT was successfully and homogenously distributed on the woven CF surface. Woven hybrid CF–CNT epoxy composite laminates were then prepared and compared with woven CF epoxy composite laminates in terms of their flexural and dielectric properties. The results indicated that the flexural strength, flexural modulus and dielectric constant of the woven hybrid CF–CNT epoxy composite laminates were improved up to 19, 27 and 25%, respectively, compared with the woven CF epoxy composite laminates.

Effect of nanofiller on fibre laser drilling quality of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite laminates

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-870
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Kumar ◽  
Kalyan Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Laser machining of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites is a challenging task due to a significant difference between physical and thermal properties of the constituent materials, i.e. polymer matrix and carbon fibres. This results in extended heat-affected zone (HAZ), taper kerf and poor surface finishing. This paper focuses on an investigation, attempting to minimise the divergence in the decomposition temperature of carbon fibres and epoxy resin by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes in polymer matrix as a secondary reinforcement. High thermal conductivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes increases the thermal diffusivity of polymer matrix, which in turn reduces the matrix recession. In addition, laser power and scan speed was also considered as an input parameter and their influence on output responses such as HAZ, taper angle and surface roughness has been studied. To analyse the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the resultant thermal damage, an innovative technique, i.e. scanning acoustic microscopy was used. This technique provides a ply-by-ply damage analysis. C-scans of the top and bottom surface of the machined holes in the composite were also carried out. Further, micrographs of the holes were taken to analyse the quality of the holes using field-emission scanning electron microscope. The obtained results indicated that HAZ, taper angle and surface roughness of holes decreased by ∼30%, ∼47% and ∼43%, respectively, with 1.5 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes doped carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates, when compared with the results obtained from experiments with neat carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite laminates.

Ultrasound Assisted Hybrid Carbon Epoxy Composites Containing Carbon Nanotubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bipul Barua ◽  
Mrinal C. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Atomization Process ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Hybrid Carbon

A simple approach has been reported toward the development of hybrid nano/microfiber composite structures with improved mechanical properties. Ultrasound assisted atomization process has been utilized for depositing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the surface of carbon fiber (CF) cloth using dilute solutions of CNTs in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Dilute solutions with three different CNT concentrations such as 1 × 10−4 g/ml, 5 × 10−4 g/ml, and 10 × 10−4 g/ml were fed into an ultrasonic atomizer probe using a positive displacement syringe pump and sprayed directly on CF cloth rested on a hot plate inside a deposition chamber. Several layers of hybrid CF cloths containing CNTs were used to fabricate composite laminates using a vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Although the dispersion of CNTs in DMF was found very well for all three concentrations, the distribution of CNTs on CFs was only found homogeneous for 1 × 10−4 g/ml solution. It was found that the hybrid composite containing 0.3 wt. % CNTs loading fabricated using 1 × 10−4 g/ml solution showed about 25% improvement in flexural strength, although moderate improvement in flexure modulus was achieved for all three concentrations. The improved strength is believed to be due to homogeneous distribution of CNTs, which resulted in increased surface roughness and mechanical interlocking between fibers and matrix.

scholarly journals Fracture toughness of one- and two-dimensional nanoreinforced cement via scratch testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2203) ◽  
pp. 20200288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ange-Therese Akono
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Scratch Testing ◽  
Helical Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

Cement is the most widely consumed material globally, with the cement industry accounting for 8% of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. Aiming for cement composites with a reduced carbon footprint, this study investigates the potential of nanomaterials to improve mechanical characteristics. An important question is to increase the fraction of carbon-based nanomaterials within cement matrices while controlling the microstructure and enhancing the mechanical performance. Specifically, this study investigates the fracture response of Portland cement reinforced with one- and two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon nanofibres, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, helical carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanoplatelets. Novel processing routes are shown to incorporate 0.1–0.5 wt% of nanomaterials into cement using a quadratic distribution of ultrasonic energy. Scratch testing is used to probe the fracture response by pushing a sphero-conical probe against the surface of the material under a linearly increasing vertical force. Fracture toughness is then computed using a nonlinear fracture mechanics model. Nanomaterials are shown to bridge nanoscale air voids, leading to pore refinement, and a decrease in the porosity and the water absorption. An improvement in fracture toughness is observed in cement nanocomposites, with a positive correlation between the fracture toughness and the mass fraction of nanofiller for graphene-reinforced cement. Moreover, for graphene-reinforced cement, the fracture toughness values are in the range of 0.701 to 0.717 MPa m . Thus, this study illustrates the potential of nanomaterials to toughen cement while improving the microstructure and water resistance properties. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘A cracking approach to inventing new tough materials: fracture stranger than friction’.

scholarly journals Narrowing Segments of Helical Carbon Nanotubes with Curved Aromatic Panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (22) ◽  
pp. 7385-7389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Kogashi ◽  
Taisuke Matsuno ◽  
Sota Sato ◽  
Hiroyuki Isobe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Helical Carbon Nanotubes

Seawater effects on interlaminar fracture toughness of glass fiber/epoxy laminates modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832095078
Author(s):  
Julio A Rodríguez-González ◽  
Carlos Rubio-González
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Interlaminar Fracture Toughness ◽  
Multiscale Composite ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

In this work, the effect of seawater ageing on mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) of prepreg-based woven glass fiber/epoxy laminates with and without multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been investigated. The first part of the investigation reports the moisture absorption behavior of multiscale composite laminates exposed to seawater ageing for ∼3912 h at 70 °C. Then, the results of mode I and mode II fracture tests are presented and a comparison of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for each type of material group and condition is made. Experimental results showed the significant effect of seawater ageing on [Formula: see text] of multiscale composite laminates due to matrix plasticization and fiber bridging. The improvement in [Formula: see text] of the wet glass fiber/epoxy laminate was about 50% higher than that of the neat laminate (without MWCNTs) under dry condition. It was also found that the presence of MWCNTs into composite laminates promotes a moderate increase (8%) in their [Formula: see text] as a result of the additional toughening mechanisms induced by CNTs during the delamination process. Scanning electron microscopy analysis conducted on fracture surface of specimens reveals the transition from brittle (smooth surface) to ductile (rough surface) in the morphology of composite laminates due to the influence of seawater ageing on the polymeric matrix and fiber/matrix interface.

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