SEM study of the early stages of Fe-bentonite corrosion—The role of naturally present reactive silica

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 308-309

Author(s):

K. W. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Tension Wood ◽

Wood Fiber ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Fiber Morphology ◽

Paper Properties ◽

Pure Cellulose ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Hardwood Trees ◽

Sem Study

Tension wood (TW) is an abnormal tissue of hardwood trees; although it has been isolated from most parts of the tree, it is frequently found on the upper side of branches and leaning stems. TW has been classically associated with geotropic alignment, but more recently it has been associated with fast growth. Paper made from TW is generally lower in strength properties. Consequently, the paper industries' growing dependence on fast growing, short- rotation trees will result in higher amounts of TW in the final product and a corresponding reduction in strength.Relatively few studies have dealt with the role of TW in the structure of paper. It was suggested that the lower strength properties of TW were due to a combination of factors, namely, its unique morphology, compression failures in the cell wall, and lower hemicellulose content. Central to the unique morphology of the TW fiber is the thick gelatinous layer (G-layer) composed almost entirely of pure cellulose.

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The role of ‘maengyak’ in early stages of relationship between Joseon and Qing

THE CHOSON DYNASTY HISTORY ASSOCIATION ◽

10.21568/cdha.2016.09.78.51 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. 51-85

Author(s):

Ho-Hyun Nam

Keyword(s):

Early Stages

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Injecting Knowledge

10.1093/oso/9780198736189.003.0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lucia Dacome

Keyword(s):

Eighteenth Century ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Comparative Perspective ◽

Anatomical Models ◽

Early Stages ◽

The Creation ◽

Cabinet Of Curiosities

Chapter 7 furthers the analysis of the role of anatomical models as cultural currencies capable of transferring value. It does so by expanding the investigation of the early stages of anatomical modelling to include a new setting. In particular, it follows the journey of the Palermitan anatomist and modeller Giuseppe Salerno and his anatomical ‘skeleton’—a specimen that represented the body’s complex web of blood vessels and was presented as the result of anatomical injections. Although Salerno was headed towards Bologna, a major centre of anatomical modelling, he ended his journey in Naples after the nobleman Raimondo di Sangro purchased the skeleton for his own cabinet of curiosities. This chapter considers the creation and viewing of an anatomical display in di Sangro’s Neapolitan Palace from a comparative perspective that highlights how geography and locality played an important part in shaping the culture of mid-eighteenth-century anatomical modelling.

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The role of post-loss anxiety in the development of depressive symptoms and complicated grief symptoms: a longitudinal SEM study

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.096 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bo YAN ◽

Raymond S.K. LO ◽

Amy Y.M. CHOW

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Complicated Grief ◽

Sem Study

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Limited Influence? The Role of the Party of European Socialists in Shaping Social Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe

Government and Opposition ◽

10.1111/j.1477-7053.2010.01328.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 32-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Michael Holmes ◽

Simon Lightfoot

Keyword(s):

Eastern Europe ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Social Democracy ◽

Social Democratic ◽

Academic Literature ◽

Early Stages ◽

European Norm ◽

Democratic Parties ◽

Social Democratic Parties

AbstractThis article looks at the role of the Party of European Socialists (PES) in its attempts to shape social democratic parties in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) towards a West European norm. It discusses how existing views in the academic literature on the role of transnational parties are inadequate. We argue that the PES did not play a key role in encouraging the establishment and development of parties in the CEE states from the 2004 enlargement in the early stages of accession. We contend that the overall influence of party federations has been limited, and that these limitations were as much in evidence before enlargement took place as they were afterwards.

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The role of digital artefacts in early stages of distributed innovation processes

Research Policy ◽

10.1016/j.respol.2021.104349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

pp. 104349

Author(s):

Markus C. Becker ◽

Francesco Rullani ◽

Francesco Zirpoli

Keyword(s):

Early Stages ◽

Innovation Processes

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A Gnotobiotic Model to Examine Plant and Microbiome Contributions to Survival under Arsenic Stress

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

María del Carmen Molina ◽

James F. White ◽

Sara García-Salgado ◽

M. Ángeles Quijano ◽

Natalia González-Benítez

Keyword(s):

Seedling Growth ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Root Hairs ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Early Stages ◽

Bacterial Interaction ◽

Arsenic Stress ◽

Free Media

So far, the relative importance of the plant and its microbiome in the development of early stages of plant seedling growth under arsenic stress has not been studied. To test the role of endophytic bacteria in increasing plant success under arsenic stress, gnotobiotic seeds of J. montana were inoculated with two endophytic bacteria: Pantoea conspicua MC-K1 (PGPB and As resistant bacteria) and Arthrobacter sp. MC-D3A (non-helper and non-As resistant bacteria) and an endobacteria mixture. In holobiotic seedlings (with seed-vectored microbes intact), neither the capacity of germination nor development of roots and lateral hairs was affected at 125 μM As(V). However, in gnotobiotic seedlings, the plants are negatively impacted by absence of a microbiome and presence of arsenic, resulting in reduced growth of roots and root hairs. The inoculation of a single PGPB (P. conspicua-MCK1) shows a tendency to the recovery of the plant, both in arsenic enriched and arsenic-free media, while the inoculation with Arthrobacter sp. does not help in the recovery of the plants. Inoculation with a bacterial mixture allows recovery of plants in arsenic free media; however, plants did not recover under arsenic stress, probably because of a bacterial interaction in the mixture.

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Conserved segmental expression of Krox-20 in the vertebrate hindbrain and its relationship to lineage restriction

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.113.supplement_2.59 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 59-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Angela Nieto ◽

Leila C. Bradley ◽

David G. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Expression Pattern ◽

Zinc Finger ◽

Cell Lineage ◽

Zinc Finger Gene ◽

Early Stages ◽

Cellular Events ◽

Early Expression ◽

Segmental Expression

The zinc-finger gene Krox-20 is expressed in two alternating segments, rhombomeres (r) 3 and 5, in the developing mouse hindbrain. This expression pattern is established prior to rhombomere formation in the mouse, but it is not known how the timing of expression relates to cellular events of segmentation, such as lineage restriction. We have cloned Krox-20 sequences from Xenopus and the chick and shown that its alternating expression pattern is conserved in these systems, suggesting that its role in hindbrain development is conserved. Analysis of the early stages of Krox-20 expression in the chick show that both domains of expression precede the restriction of cell lineage to specific rhombomeres, consistent with a role of this gene in early events of hindbrain segmentation. The finding that expression is not coincident with lineage restriction indicates that early expression may not reflect an irreversible commitment of cells to r3 and r5 and/or may be mosaic.

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