Secondary metabolites synthesized by Stemphylium lycopersici and Fulvia fulva, necrotrophic and biotrophic fungi pathogen of tomato plants

Abstract. Maulidia V, Soesanto L, Syamsuddin, Khairan K, Hamaguchi T, Hasegawa K, Sriwati R. 2020. Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic bacteria against the Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne sp.). Biodiversitas 21: 5270-5275. Endophytic bacteria live and colonize in plant tissues without causing disease to their plant host. Among several processes, these bacteria can produce secondary metabolites that can help in the defense of plant host against pathogens. This study aimed to identify endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents against Meloidogyne sp. in tomato plants. Six endophytic bacteria candidates from the genus Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Serratia were isolated from Solanum Lycopersicum, Psidium guajava, Pinus merkusii, Dendrocalamus asper, Albizia chinensis, and Theobroma cacao L, respectively. The average mortality of Meloidogyne sp. by endophytic bacteria was 70,27% to 95,46%. From these, B. thuringiensis AK08 produced compounds of the secondary metabolites such as flavonoid, phenol, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and alkaloids. The best result of the average incubation period, number of galls in the root, number of nematodes at the root, and the number of nematodes in the soil on tomato plant were shown by B. thuringiensis. The major compounds in GC-MS analysis of B. thuringiensis were cholest-5-en-3-ol (3.beta.)-carbonochloridate (25.35%). Bacillus thuringiensis not only has rules as bio-insecticide but also has nematicidal effect.

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Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Stemphylium lycopersici and Their Antibacterial Activities

Chemistry of Natural Compounds ◽

10.1007/s10600-020-03256-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 1162-1165

Author(s):

Zhao-Long Xu ◽

Na Zheng ◽

Shi-man Cao ◽

Shi-Ting Li ◽

Tu-Xiang Mo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Endophytic Fungus ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Stemphylium Lycopersici

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Tomato glycosyltransferase Twi1 plays a role in flavonoid glycosylation and defence against virus

10.21203/rs.2.10162/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Campos ◽

María Pilar López-Gresa ◽

Diana Fuertes ◽

José María Bellés ◽

Ismael Rodrigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Defence ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Transgenic Tomato Plants ◽

Wilt Virus

Abstract Background: Secondary metabolites play an important role in the plant defensive response. They are produced as a defence mechanism against biotic stress by providing plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant weapons. In higher plants, the majority of secondary metabolites accumulate as glycoconjugates. Glycosylation is one of the commonest modifications of secondary metabolites, and is carried out by enzymes called glycosyltransferases. Results: Here we provide evidence that the previously described tomato wound and pathogen-induced glycosyltransferase Twi1 displays in vitro activity toward the coumarins scopoletin, umbelliferone and esculetin, and the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol, by uncovering a new role of this gene in plant glycosylation. To test its activity in vivo, Twi1-silenced transgenic tomato plants were generated and infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus. The Twi1-silenced plants showed a differential accumulation of Twi1 substrates and enhanced susceptibility to the virus. Conclusions: Biochemical in vitro assays and transgenic plants generation proved to be useful strategies to assign a role of tomato Twi1 in the plant defence response. Twi1 glycosyltransferase showed to regulate quercetin and kaempferol levels in tomato plants, affecting plant resistance to viral infection.

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Tomato glycosyltransferase Twi1 plays a role in flavonoid glycosylation and defence against virus

10.21203/rs.2.10162/v4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Campos ◽

María Pilar López-Gresa ◽

Diana Fuertes ◽

José María Bellés ◽

Ismael Rodrigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Defence ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Transgenic Tomato Plants ◽

Wilt Virus

Abstract Background: Secondary metabolites play an important role in the plant defensive response. They are produced as a defence mechanism against biotic stress by providing plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant weapons. In higher plants, the majority of secondary metabolites accumulate as glycoconjugates. Glycosylation is one of the commonest modifications of secondary metabolites, and is carried out by enzymes called glycosyltransferases. Results: Here we provide evidence that the previously described tomato wound and pathogen-induced glycosyltransferase Twi1 displays in vitro activity toward the coumarins scopoletin, umbelliferone and esculetin, and the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol, by uncovering a new role of this gene in plant glycosylation. To test its activity in vivo, Twi1-silenced transgenic tomato plants were generated and infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus. The Twi1-silenced plants showed a differential accumulation of Twi1 substrates and enhanced susceptibility to the virus. Conclusions: Biochemical in vitro assays and transgenic plants generation proved to be useful strategies to assign a role of tomato Twi1 in the plant defence response. Twi1 glycosyltransferase showed to regulate quercetin and kaempferol levels in tomato plants, affecting plant resistance to viral infection.

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Metabolomics by Proton High-Resolution Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Tomato Plants Treated with Two Secondary Metabolites Isolated fromTrichoderma

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00801 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (18) ◽

pp. 3538-3545 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Pierluigi Mazzei ◽

Francesco Vinale ◽

Sheridan Lois Woo ◽

Alberto Pascale ◽

Matteo Lorito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Resolution ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Magic Angle Spinning ◽

Magic Angle ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Angle Spinning ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

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PGPR Modulation of Secondary Metabolites in Tomato Infested with Spodoptera litura

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10060778 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 778 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Bani Kousar ◽

Asghari Bano ◽

Naeem Khan

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Spodoptera Litura ◽

High Performance ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Infected Leaf ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

The preceding climate change demonstrates overwintering of pathogens that lead to increased incidence of insects and pest attack. Integration of ecological and physiological/molecular approaches are imperative to encounter pathogen attack in order to enhance crop yield. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus endophyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) on the plant physiology and production of the secondary metabolites in tomato plants infested with Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The surface sterilized seeds of tomato were inoculated with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for 3–4 h prior to sowing. Tomato leaves at 6 to 7 branching stage were infested with S. litura at the larval stage of 2nd instar. Identification of secondary metabolites and phytohormones were made from tomato leaves using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Infestation with S. litura significantly decreased plant growth and yield. The PGPR inoculations alleviated the adverse effects of insect infestation on plant growth and fruit yield. An increased level of protein, proline and sugar contents and enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was noticed in infected tomato plants associated with PGPR. Moreover, p-kaempferol, rutin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and flavonoid glycoside were also detected in PGPR inoculated infested plants. The FTIR spectra of the infected leaf samples pre-treated with PGPR revealed the presence of aldehyde. Additionally, significant amounts of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were detected in the leaf samples. From the present results, we conclude that PGPR can promote growth and yield of tomatoes under attack and help the host plant to combat infestation via modulation in IAA, SA, ABA and other secondary metabolites.

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Tomato glycosyltransferase Twi1 plays a role in flavonoid glycosylation and defence against virus

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-019-2063-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Campos ◽

María Pilar López-Gresa ◽

Diana Fuertes ◽

José María Bellés ◽

Ismael Rodrigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Defence ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Transgenic Tomato Plants ◽

Wilt Virus

Abstract Background Secondary metabolites play an important role in the plant defensive response. They are produced as a defence mechanism against biotic stress by providing plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant weapons. In higher plants, the majority of secondary metabolites accumulate as glycoconjugates. Glycosylation is one of the commonest modifications of secondary metabolites, and is carried out by enzymes called glycosyltransferases. Results Here we provide evidence that the previously described tomato wound and pathogen-induced glycosyltransferase Twi1 displays in vitro activity toward the coumarins scopoletin, umbelliferone and esculetin, and the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol, by uncovering a new role of this gene in plant glycosylation. To test its activity in vivo, Twi1-silenced transgenic tomato plants were generated and infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus. The Twi1-silenced plants showed a differential accumulation of Twi1 substrates and enhanced susceptibility to the virus. Conclusions Biochemical in vitro assays and transgenic plants generation proved to be useful strategies to assign a role of tomato Twi1 in the plant defence response. Twi1 glycosyltransferase showed to regulate quercetin and kaempferol levels in tomato plants, affecting plant resistance to viral infection.

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Streptomycetes antagonism against Cladosporium fulvum Cooke and Fusarium oxysporium f.sp. lycopersici

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782009005000117 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1897-1900

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Fermino Soares ◽

Carla da Silva Sousa ◽

Marlon da Silva Garrido

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Spore Germination ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Cladosporium Fulvum ◽

Secondary Effects ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Development Methods

This research aimed to evaluate the secondary effects of secondary metabolites produced by streptomycetes on spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungi Cladosporium fulvum Cooke and Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. lycopersici from tomato plants. Metabolites produced by streptomycete isolates codified as AC-147 and AC-92 caused 94.1% inhibition of C. fulvum while AC-95 isolate caused 33.9% inhibition. AC-92 was the most efficient for F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, causing 94.2% inhibition of spore germination. For mycelial growth, AC-26 and AC-92 were the most efficient in inhibiting C. fulvum growth by 46.6% and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici by 29.9%. These streptomycetes are potential agents for biocontrol development methods of these tomato plant pathogenic fungi.

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Tomato glycosyltransferase Twi1 plays a role in flavonoid glycosylation and defence against virus

10.21203/rs.2.10162/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Campos ◽

María Pilar López-Gresa ◽

Diana Fuertes ◽

José María Bellés ◽

Ismael Rodrigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Defence ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Transgenic Tomato Plants ◽

Wilt Virus

Abstract Background: Secondary metabolites play an important role in the plant defensive response. They are produced as a defence mechanism against biotic stress by providing plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant weapons. In higher plants, the majority of secondary metabolites accumulate as glycoconjugates. Glycosylation is one of the commonest modifications of secondary metabolites, and is carried out by enzymes called glycosyltransferases. Results: Here we provide evidence that the previously described tomato wound and pathogen-induced glycosyltransferase Twi1 displays in vitro activity toward the coumarins scopoletin, umbelliferone and esculetin, and the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol, by uncovering a new role of this gene in plant glycosylation. To test its activity in vivo, Twi1-silenced transgenic tomato plants were generated and infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus. The Twi1-silenced plants showed a differential accumulation of Twi1 substrates and enhanced susceptibility to the virus. Conclusions: Biochemical in vitro assays and transgenic plants generation proved to be useful strategies to assign a role of tomato Twi1 in the plant defence response. Twi1 glycosyltransferase showed to regulate quercetin and kaempferol levels in tomato plants, affecting plant resistance to viral infection.

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