The impact of a required course on third year pharmacy students' perceived abilities and intentions in providing medication therapy management

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Alshehri ◽  
Jamie C. Barner ◽  
Sharon Rush
Keyword(s):  
Medication Therapy Management ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Therapy Management ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
The Impact

Review of Survey Articles Regarding Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Services/Programs in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola O. Oladapo ◽  
Karen L. Rascati
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medication Therapy Management ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Therapy Management ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
General Drug ◽  
Keyword List

Objective: To provide a summary of published survey articles regarding the provision of medication therapy management (MTM) services in the United States. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify original articles on MTM-related surveys conducted in the United States, involving community and outpatient pharmacists, physicians, patients, or pharmacy students and published by the primary researchers who conducted the study. Search engines used included PubMed, Medline, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA). If MTM was in the keyword list, mesh heading, title, or abstract, the article was reviewed. References from these articles were searched to determine whether other relevant articles were available. Results: A total of 405 articles were initially reviewed; however, only 32 articles met the study requirements. Of the 32 articles, 17 surveyed community/outpatient pharmacists, 3 surveyed pharmacy students, 4 surveyed physicians, and 8 surveyed patients. The survey periods varied across the different studies, with the earliest survey conducted in 2004 and the most recent survey conducted in 2009. The surveys were conducted via the telephone, US mail, interoffice mail, e-mails, Internet/Web sites, hand-delivered questionnaires, and focus groups. Conclusion: Despite the identified barriers to the provision of MTM services, pharmacists reportedly found it professionally rewarding to provide these services. Pharmacists claimed to have adequate clinical knowledge, experience, and access to information required to provide MTM services. Pharmacy students were of the opinion that the provision of MTM services was important to the advancement of the pharmacy profession and in providing patients with a higher level of care. Physicians supported having pharmacists adjust patients’ drug therapy and educate patients on general drug information but not in selecting patients’ drug therapy. Finally, patients suggested that alternative ways need to be explored in describing and marketing MTM services for it to be appealing to them.

Assessment of the Impact of Medication Therapy Management Delivered to Home-Based Medicare Beneficiaries

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin K Welch ◽  
Thomas Delate ◽  
Elizabeth A Chester ◽  
Troy Stubbings
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Medication Therapy Management ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Medication Cost ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Therapy Management ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Medication Costs ◽  
The Impact

Background: Medication Therapy Management (MTM) is a voluntary patient participation program mandated for Medicare Part D sponsors by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services for chronically ill beneficiaries with high medication costs/utilization. Objective: To assess the impact of an MTM program on mortality, healthcare utilization, and prescription medication costs and to quantify drug-related problems (DRPs) identified during MTM. Methods: This nonrandomized controlled study was conducted among beneficiaries who were targeted for MTM in 2006. The MTM intervention was designed to identify potential DRPs, educate the patient/caregiver about appropriate medication use, and ensure that the patient was appropriately integrated into clinical services. Data were collected from administrative databases and manual chart abstractions. Study outcomes included all-cause death (primary outcome), hospitalization, and emergency department (ED) visit rates and medication cost changes in the 180 days following MTM targeting and quantification of DRPs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust the outcomes for baseline risk and other potential confounders. A mock MTM intervention was performed for beneficiaries who declined MTM and died, were hospitalized, and/or made an ED visit. Results: A total of 459 opt-in and 336 opt-out beneficiaries who agreed and declined, respectively, to receive MTM were included in the analysis. Beneficiaries who opted in were less likely to die compared with beneficiaries who opted out (adjusted OR [AOR] 0.5; 95% CI 0.3 to 0.9) but were more likely to have had a hospitalization (AOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0) and an increase in medication costs (AOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9) during follow-up. There was no difference in ED visit rates. At least one DRP was identified in more than 83% of beneficiaries in both groups, with the most common DRP being drug–drug interaction. Conclusions: Our investigation supports the use of MTM, with its increased coordination of information between healthcare providers and patients, since it may impact mortality positively in a population of high-risk Medicare beneficiaries.

Evaluation of a Hybrid Training Module for Community Pharmacy Staff Providing Hypertension Medication Therapy Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy I. Brown ◽  
Dan Cernusca ◽  
Leneika Roehrich
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Medication Therapy Management ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Pharmacy Staff ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Therapy Management ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to evaluate the impact of web-based training on the knowledge and perceived practice of community pharmacy staff engaged in a hypertension medication therapy management program. Following the recommendations from adult learning end experiential learning theoretical frameworks, the proposed training engaged learners in a series of short online educational videos with preknowledge and postknowledge assessment and patient interactions in a clinical setting to reenforce newly learned skills. Methods: The participants in this study were from Community pharmacies who actively participate in medication therapy management and disease management services in the 2 largest towns in North Dakota. The preknowledge and postknowledge tests indicated a statistically significant improvement in hypertension management knowledge for the participating pharmacy staff. The qualitative input from the participants fully complemented these findings by showing a strong positive perception on the implemented instructional process. Results: Training proved to be both effective and essential for pharmacy staff when initiating clinical services to ensure they have the necessary skills to be able to do their job well, and online training is an easy and efficient way to provide this training.

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