The role of membrane processes in municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse

The State of California's WastewaterReclamationCriteria is under review and will be revised and expanded to include several new regulations on the use of reclaimed municipal wastewater. To provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of the existing and proposed Criteria, enteric virus monitoring data from secondary and tertiary effluents were evaluated. These virus data were obtained from special studies and monitoring reports, covering the period from 1975 to 1989, including ten municipal wastewater treatment facilities in California. Based on the enteric virus data from these reports, and using the current Criteria as a guide, four exposure scenarios were developed to determine the risk of waterborne enteric virus infection to humans as a consequence of wastewater reclamation and reuse. The exposure assessments included food crop irrigation, landscape irrigation for golf courses, recreational impoundments, and ground water recharge. The virus enumeration and the resulting risk assessments described in this paper provide a comparative basis for addressing the treatment and fate of enteric viruses in wastewater reclamation and reuse. The analyses show that annual risk of infection from exposure to chlorinated tertiary effluent containing 1 viral unit/100 L in recreational activities such as swimming or golfing is in the range of 10−2 to 10−7, while exposures resulting from food-crop irrigation or groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater is in the range of 10−6 to 10−11. The risk analyses are also used to demonstrate that the probability of infection can be further mitigated by controlling exposure to reclaimed wastewater in the use area.

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Performance improvement of hybrid membrane bioreactor with PAC addition for water reuse

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0715 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (10-11) ◽

pp. 383-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Y. Liu ◽

L. Wang ◽

B. Wang ◽

H. Cui ◽

J. Zhang

Keyword(s):

Water Temperature ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Membrane Surface ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Oil Exploitation ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽

Pollutants Removal ◽

Coat Layer

A study was carried out on a hybrid (AS-SBF) membrane bioreactor (HMBR) for the municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse at Chengfengzhuang WWTP in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. It was found that the effects of DO and water temperature on performance of the HMBR was significant. Under the conditions of water temperature in range of 10–14°C, pH of 6.6–7.0, DO of 4–6mg/l and HRT of 7h, the HMBR exhibited removal efficiencies for CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N and TN of 96.7%, 98.9%, 93.7% and 60.5% respectively. The turbidity of effluent from HMBR was below 1NTU. The effluent of HMBR meets the standard of wastewater reclamation for oil exploitation. PAC was added into the bioreactor at the second operating stage, in order to further research parameters variation. The flux was improved by 53.2%, compared to the membrane without PAC-addition, due to formation of a PAC pre-coat layer on the membrane surface, with lots of advantages such as larger granules, higher porosity, non-compressibility, higher filterability and easy removal, compared with pure biomass layer. In addition, the performance of HMBR was further improved, due to adsorption and degradation of SMPs, the average removal of CODcr and TN was further improved by 5.1% and 13.5% respectively. Biomass in the HMBR was quantitatively measured, of which the biofilm played a major role in pollutants removal.

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Municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse using membrane-based technologies: a review

10.5004/dwt.2021.27175 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 224 ◽

pp. 65-82

Author(s):

Jing Wu ◽

Yuanyuan Zhang ◽

Juan Wang ◽

Xiong Zheng ◽

Yinguang Chen

Keyword(s):

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

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Wastewater reclamation and reuse in Europe: a model-based potential estimation

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2005.0009 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 67-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R. Hochstrat ◽

T. Wintgens ◽

T. Melin ◽

P. Jeffrey

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Reuse ◽

Current Status ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Reclaimed Wastewater ◽

Future Projection ◽

Treated Effluent ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

The basic aim of this paper is to present an approach to quantitatively assess the potential of municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse in a European context. The model developed is based on the analysis and interrelation of water management data like water availability, water demand and treated effluent. In conjunction with information about the current status of wastewater reuse simple key figures are deduced, which allow future projection of wastewater reclamation and reuse. The simulation points out that there is a significant potential for an increased utilisation of reclaimed wastewater in many European countries, specifically in the Mediterranean region driven by different factors like increased wastewater treatment capacity and higher demand for irrigation and groundwater recharge.

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Municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse in the leather industry

Desalination and Water Treatment ◽

10.1080/19443994.2013.834521 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (7-9) ◽

pp. 1647-1653 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Maurizia Seggiani ◽

Monica Puccini ◽

Domenico Castiello ◽

Nicola Andreanini ◽

Paolo Berni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Leather Industry ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

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The Role of Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse in the USA

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0661 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 23 (10-12) ◽

pp. 2049-2059 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Takashi Asano ◽

George Tchobanoglous

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Water Resources Management ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Wastewater Reuse ◽

The United States ◽

Control Measures ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Resources Management ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

IAWPRC's Specialist Group on Wastewater Reclamation, Recycling and Reuse (Water Reuse Group) is conducting a day-long Water Reuse Seminar on August 1, 1990 at the 15th Biennial Conference in Kyoto, Japan. This paper is prepared to review the role of wastewater reclamation and reuse in water resources management in the U.S.A., and to serve as an introduction to the theme for the Seminar. Following a brief summary of available water resources in the United States, the role of wastewater reclamation and reuse is discussed in terms of planning and implementation. Major wastewater reuse categories are identified and discussed. The emphasis of this paper is on wastewater reuse in the context of the water supply benefits to water resources management rather than on water pollution control measures. The overriding importance in wastewater reclamation and reuse is to protect public health and to mitigate health risks. Accordingly, wastewater reclamation criteria for health protection are also presented.

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WORLDWIDE ASPECTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE

Municipal Wastewater in Agriculture ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-214880-4.50009-3 ◽

1981 ◽

pp. 43-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Richard D. Heaton

Keyword(s):

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

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The Role of Advanced Treatment in Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0568 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (4-5) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Rafael Mujeriego ◽

Takashi Asano

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Economic Value ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Reclaimed Wastewater ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽

Advanced Wastewater Treatment

The role of advanced wastewater treatment in wastewater reclamation and reuse is reviewed. Most of the current wastewater reclamation and reuse technologies are essentially derived from those used in water and wastewater treatment. However, opportunities for adopting technological innovations are much greater for water reuse applications, because reclaimed water will have an economic value as an alternative water supply. Significant progress has been made in developing sound technical approaches to producing high quality and reliable water sources from reclaimed wastewater. This overview paper provides an assessment of technological advances in water reclamation and reuse, which has been dubbed as “the greatest challenge of the 21st century.” The paper was presented at the Opening Plenary Session of the IAWQ's Advanced Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse Conference in Milan, Italy on September 14, 1998.

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RECENT TRENDS OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE IN APULIA

Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ◽

10.2175/193864700785371867 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 2000 (2) ◽

pp. 740-751

Author(s):

L. Liberti ◽

M. Notarnicola ◽

M.G. Stellacci ◽

D. Petruzzelli

Keyword(s):

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Wastewater Reclamation ◽

Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽

Recent Trends

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