State-of-the-art review on post-treatment technologies

Desalination ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 356 ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilla Shemer ◽  
David Hasson ◽  
Raphael Semiat
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Cold spray micro-defects and post-treatment technologies: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zhizhong ◽  
Han Chao ◽  
Guosheng Huang ◽  
Han Bin ◽  
Han Bin
Keyword(s):  
Cold Spray ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Cold Spraying ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Improved Performance

Purpose The deposition of particles onto a substrate during the cold spraying (CS) process relies on severe plastic deformation, so there are various micro-defects induced by insufficient deformation and severe crushing. To solve the problems, many post-treat techniques have been used to improving the quality by eliminating the micro-defects. This paper aims to help scholars and engineers in this field a better and systematic understand of CS technology by summarizing the post-treatment technologies that have been investigated recently years. Design/methodology/approach This review summarizes the types of micro-defects and introduces the effect of micro-defects on the properties of CS coating/additive manufactured, illustrates the post-treatment technologies and its effect on the microstructure and performances, and finally outlooks the future development trends of post-treatments for CS. Findings There are significant discoveries in post-treatment technology to change the performance of cold spray deposits. There are also many limitations for post-treatment methods, including improved performance and limitations of use. Thus, there is still a strong requirement for further improvement. Hybrid post-treatment may be a more ideal method, as it can eliminate more defects than a single method. The proposed ultrasonic impact treatment could be an alternative method, as it can densify and flatten the CS deposits. Originality/value It is the first time to reveal the influence factors on the performances of CS deposits from the perspective of microdefects, and proposed corresponding well targeted post-treatment methods, which is more instructive for improving the performances of CS deposits.

Comparative and integrative environmental assessment of advanced wastewater treatment processes based on an average removal of pharmaceuticals

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elorri Igos ◽  
Enrico Benetto ◽  
Silvia Venditti ◽  
Christian Köhler ◽  
Alex Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Decentralized Treatment ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Pharmaceuticals are normally barely removed by conventional wastewater treatments. Advanced technologies as a post-treatment, could prevent these pollutants reaching the environment and could be included in a centralized treatment plant or, alternatively, at the primary point source, e.g. hospitals. In this study, the environmental impacts of different options, as a function of several advanced treatments as well as the centralized/decentralized implementation options, have been evaluated using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In previous publications, the characterization of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals within LCA suffers from high uncertainties. In our study, LCA was therefore only used to quantify the generated impacts (electricity, chemicals, etc.) of different treatment scenarios. These impacts are then weighted by the average removal rate of pharmaceuticals using a new Eco-efficiency Indicator EFI. This new way of comparing the scenarios shows significant advantages of upgrading a centralized plant with ozonation as the post-treatment. The decentralized treatment option reveals no significant improvement on the avoided environmental impact, due to the comparatively small pollutant load coming from the hospital and the uncertainties in the average removal of the decentralized scenarios. When comparing the post-treatment technologies, UV radiation has a lower performance than both ozonation and activated carbon adsorption.

Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer T. Kingston ◽  
Paul R. Dahlen ◽  
Paul C. Johnson ◽  
Eric Foote ◽  
Shane Williams
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Source Zone ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Assessment of the state of the art of technologies for the processing of digestate residue from anaerobic digesters

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1984-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Fuchs ◽  
B. Drosg
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Digestate Processing

Anaerobic digestion is widely used as an important source of renewable energy. With the increasing number and capacity of biogas plants also, adequate treatment technologies for whole digestate – the residue from anaerobic digestion – are gaining attention. In this study the state of the art of digestate processing is analysed, and currently used treatment schemes and the various technological processes involved are evaluated. The study combines data and experiences from existing large-scale digestate processing facilities in Austria, Germany, Switzerland and Italy, as well as know-how from technology providers and relevant research projects. However, the field of digestate processing is still quite new and little detailed information about the performance of different technologies at industrial scale is available. Digestate processing is gaining importance since digestate utilisation can become an important bottleneck when increasing biogas production. In addition, the production of renewable fertiliser from digestate is increasingly of interest to replace fossil fertilisers. This study is the first profound attempt to establish an assessment of the state-of-the-art technologies in use.

State of the art and review on the treatment technologies of water reverse osmosis concentrates

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pérez-González ◽  
A.M. Urtiaga ◽  
R. Ibáñez ◽  
I. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Concentrates
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document