Effectiveness of a screening program for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections in African migrants to Sicily

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Prestileo ◽  
Vito Di Marco ◽  
Ornella Dino ◽  
Adriana Sanfilippo ◽  
Marco Tutone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
African Migrants

scholarly journals 845. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine HIV Screening in an Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S513-S513
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Aguilera ◽  
Gilhen Rodriguez ◽  
Gabriela P Del Bianco ◽  
Gloria Heresi ◽  
James Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Routine Hiv Screening ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The Emergency Department (ED) at Memorial Hermann Hospital (MHH) - Texas Medical Center (TMC), Houston, Texas has a long established screening program targeted at detection of HIV infections. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this screening program is unknown. Methods The Routine HIV screening program includes opt-out testing of all adults 18 years and older with Glasgow score > 9. HIV 4th generation Ag/Ab screening, with reflex to Gennius confirmatory tests are used. Pre-pandemic (March 2019 to February 2020) to Pandemic period (March 2020 to February 2021) intervals were compared. Results 72,929 patients visited MHH_ED during the pre-pandemic period and 57,128 in the pandemic period, a 22% decline. The number of patients tested for HIV pre-pandemic was 9433 and 6718 pandemic, a 29% decline. When the pandemic year was parsed into first and last 6 months interval and compared to similar intervals in the year pre pandemic, 39% followed by 16% declines in HIV testing were found. In total, 354 patients were HIV positives, 209, (59%) in the pre-pandemic and 145 (41%) in the pandemic period.The reduction in new HIV infections found was directly proportional to the decline in patients visiting the MHH-ED where the percent of patients HIV positive was constant across intervals (2.21% vs 2.26%). Demographic and outcome characteristics were constant across the compared intervals. Conclusion The COVID -19 pandemic reduced detection of new HIV infections by screening in direct proportion to the reduction in MHH-ED patient visits. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic decreased with duration of the pandemic. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals HIV detection by an emergency department HIV screening program during a regional outbreak among people who inject drugs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251756
Author(s):  
Kiran A. Faryar ◽  
Rachel M. Ancona ◽  
Zachary Reau ◽  
Sheryl B. Lyss ◽  
Robert S. Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Undiagnosed Hiv ◽  
Clinical Records

Objective Multiple HIV outbreaks among persons who inject drugs (PWID) have occurred in the US since 2015. Emergency departments (EDs), recognized as essential venues for HIV screening, may play a unique role in identifying undiagnosed HIV among PWID, who frequently present for complications of injection drug use (IDU). Our objective was to describe changes in HIV diagnoses among PWID detected by an ED HIV screening program and estimate the program’s contribution to HIV diagnoses among PWID county-wide during the emergence of a regional HIV outbreak. Methods This was a retrospective study of electronically queried clinical records from an urban, safety-net ED’s HIV screening program and publicly available HIV surveillance data for its surrounding county, Hamilton County, Ohio. Outcomes included the change in number of HIV diagnoses and the ED’s contribution to case identification county-wide, overall and for PWID during 2014–2018. Results During 2014–2018, the annual number of HIV diagnoses made by the ED program increased from 20 to 42 overall, and from 1 to 18 for PWID. We estimated that the ED contributed 18% of HIV diagnoses in the county and 22% of diagnoses among PWID. Conclusions The ED program contributed 1 in 5 new HIV diagnoses among PWID county-wide, further illustrating the importance of ED HIV screening programs in identifying undiagnosed HIV infections. In areas experiencing increasing IDU, HIV screening in EDs can provide an early indication of increasing HIV diagnoses among PWID and can substantially contribute to case-finding during an HIV outbreak.

scholarly journals Evaluation of hidden HIV infections in an urban ED with a rapid HIV screening program

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh ◽  
Gabor D. Kelen ◽  
Kaylin J. Beck ◽  
Chadd K. Kraus ◽  
Judy B. Shahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Hiv Screening

HIV and HCV screening among trauma patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 663-670
Author(s):  
Gina M Simoncini ◽  
Josue Oyola-Jimenez ◽  
Davone Singleton ◽  
Jill Volgraf ◽  
Frederick V Ramsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Trauma Service ◽  
Hcv Antibody

The purpose of this study was to develop a hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV screening program for patients evaluated by the trauma service and link to care. Patients were offered screening for HCV antibody and HIV. Demographics were collected on gender, race, age, and history of intravenous drug use. A navigator connected patients to treatment. In total, 1160 trauma patients were screened for HCV and/or HIV. There were 162 (14%) patients with HCV antibodies. Patients who inject drugs comprised 39.5% (64) of the HCV antibody positive group. Forty-six (68.7%) patients received linkage to care services and 55 (34%) patients were actively engaged in treatment. There were 155 (10.5%) of all eligible patients screened for HIV. Twenty-one (13.5%) patients were living with HIV (PLWH) and there were two (1.3%) new HIV infections. All new PLWH were linked to care and a total of 14 (73.7%) PLWH were on antiretroviral therapy. This is the first HCV and HIV screening and linkage to care program of trauma surgery patients. In this interim program evaluation, we found high prevalence of HCV antibody and HIV prevalence and high linkage to care rates. Trauma service HCV and HIV screening is an opportunity to diagnose, link, and re-engage a vulnerable population.

A Community-Based Survey and Screening for Depression in the Elderly

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Oyama ◽  
Tomoe Sakashita ◽  
Kei Hojo ◽  
Naoki Watanabe ◽  
Tohru Takizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depression Screening ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Intervention Region ◽  
Initial Survey

Background: In addition to implementing a depression screening program, conducting a survey beforehand might contribute to suicide risk reduction for the elderly. Aims: This study evaluates outcomes of a community-based program to prevent suicide among individuals aged 60 and over, using a quasiexperimental design with an intervention region (41,337 residents, 35.1% aged 60 and over) and a neighboring reference region. Methods: Our 2-year intervention program included an anonymous survey by random sample in the entire intervention region and, in the second year, a depression screening with follow-up by a psychiatrist in the higher-risk districts. Changes in the risk of completed suicide were estimated by the incidence-rate ratio (IRR). Results: The risk for men in the intervention region was reduced by 61% (age-adjusted IRR = 0.39; 90% CI = 0.18–0.87), whereas there was a (statistically insignificant) 51% risk reduction for women in the intervention region, and no risk reduction for either men or women in the reference region. The ratio of the crude IRR for elderly men in the intervention region to that for all elderly men in Japan was estimated at 0.42 (90% CI = 0.18–0.92), showing that the risk reduction was greater than the national change. Conclusions: The management of depression through a combination of an initial survey and subsequent screening holds clear promise for prompt effectiveness in the prevention of suicide for elderly men, and potentially for women.

Factors Associated with Non-acceptance of HIV Testing in Alberta's Opt-Out Prenatal HIV Screening Program

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fun-Lin Wang ◽  
A. Singh ◽  
D. Schopflocher ◽  
S. Gabos
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Opt Out
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