What's SAFE?...Cutting the Annual Number of New HIV Infections in the United States in Half

BACKGROUND Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives with their unprecedented popularity and diversification of applications. The continuous upgrading of information technology has also enabled smartphones to display great potential in the field of healthcare. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the future research direction of mHealth by analyzing its research trends and latest research hotspots. METHODS This study collected mHealth-related literature published between 2000 and 2020 from the Web of Science database. Descriptive statistics of the literature were computed using Excel software. The publication trends of mHealth research were determined by analyzing the annual number of publications in the literature and annual number of publications categorized based on different countries. Finally, this study used the VOSviewer tool to construct visualization network maps of country/region collaborations and author keyword co-occurrences, and overlay visualization maps of the average publication year of author keywords to analyze the hotspots and research trends in mHealth research. RESULTS In this study, 12,593 mHealth-related research articles published between 2000 and 2020 were collected. The results showed an exponential growth trend in the number of annual publications in mHealth literature. The United States remained the leading contributor to the literature in this area (5,294/12,593, 42%), well ahead of other countries/regions. Other countries/regions also showed a clear trend of annual increases in the number of publications in mHealth literature. Regarding cooperation between countries, the four countries with the largest number of publications, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, were found to cooperate more closely. The rest of the countries/regions showed a clear geographical pattern of cooperation. The keyword co-occurrence analysis of the top 100 authors formed five clusters, namely: development of mHealth medical technology and its application in various diseases, use of mHealth technology to improve basic public health and health policy, mHealth self-health testing and management in daily life, adolescent use of mHealth, and mHealth in mental health. The research trends revealed a gradual shift in mHealth research from health policy and improving public healthcare to the development and social application of mHealth technologies. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, the most current bibliometric analysis dates back to 2016. However, the number of mHealth researches published between 2017 and 2020 exceeds the previous total. Therefore, the results of this study shed light on the latest research hotspots and research trends in mHealth research. These findings provide a useful overview of the development of the field; they may also serve as a valuable reference and provide guidance for other researchers in the field.

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The Estimated Number and Lifetime Medical Cost of HIV Infections Attributable to Sexually Transmitted Infections Acquired in the United States in 2018

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

10.1097/olq.0000000000001358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Harrell Chesson ◽

Ruiguang Song ◽

Adrienna Bingham ◽

Paul G. Farnham

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Medical Cost ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

The United States ◽

Sexually Transmitted

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Sexually acquired HIV infections in the United States due to acute-phase HIV transmission: an update

AIDS ◽

10.1097/qad.0b013e32832e7d04 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (13) ◽

pp. 1792-1794 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Vimalanand S Prabhu ◽

Angela B Hutchinson ◽

Paul G Farnham ◽

Stephanie L Sansom

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

The United States

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Association Between HIV-Related Tweets and HIV Incidence in the United States: Infodemiology Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/17196 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. e17196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robin Stevens ◽

Stephen Bonett ◽

Jacqueline Bannon ◽

Deepti Chittamuru ◽

Barry Slaff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Social Media ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Language Processing ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Hiv Infections ◽

The United States ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Age Range

Background Adolescents and young adults in the age range of 13-24 years are at the highest risk of developing HIV infections. As social media platforms are extremely popular among youths, researchers can utilize these platforms to curb the HIV epidemic by investigating the associations between the discourses on HIV infections and the epidemiological data of HIV infections. Objective The goal of this study was to examine how Twitter activity among young men is related to the incidence of HIV infection in the population. Methods We used integrated human-computer techniques to characterize the HIV-related tweets by male adolescents and young male adults (age range: 13-24 years). We identified tweets related to HIV risk and prevention by using natural language processing (NLP). Our NLP algorithm identified 89.1% (2243/2517) relevant tweets, which were manually coded by expert coders. We coded 1577 HIV-prevention tweets and 17.5% (940/5372) of general sex-related tweets (including emojis, gifs, and images), and we achieved reliability with intraclass correlation at 0.80 or higher on key constructs. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the spatial patterns in posting HIV-related tweets as well as the relationships between the tweets and local HIV infection rates. Results We analyzed 2517 tweets that were identified as relevant to HIV risk and prevention tags; these tweets were geolocated in 109 counties throughout the United States. After adjusting for region, HIV prevalence, and social disadvantage index, our findings indicated that every 100-tweet increase in HIV-specific tweets per capita from noninstitutional accounts was associated with a multiplicative effect of 0.97 (95% CI [0.94-1.00]; P=.04) on the incidence of HIV infections in the following year in a given county. Conclusions Twitter may serve as a proxy of public behavior related to HIV infections, and the association between the number of HIV-related tweets and HIV infection rates further supports the use of social media for HIV disease prevention.

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Preventable Cancer Burden Associated With Poor Diet in the United States

JNCI Cancer Spectrum ◽

10.1093/jncics/pkz034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Fang Fang Zhang ◽

Frederick Cudhea ◽

Zhilei Shan ◽

Dominique S Michaud ◽

Fumiaki Imamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Ethnic Minorities ◽

The United States ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Annual Number ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cancer Burden ◽

Racial Ethnic

Abstract Background Diet is an important risk factor for cancer that is amenable to intervention. Estimating the cancer burden associated with diet informs evidence-based priorities for nutrition policies to reduce cancer burden in the United States. Methods Using a comparative risk assessment model that incorporated nationally representative data on dietary intake, national cancer incidence, and estimated associations of diet with cancer risk from meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, we estimated the annual number and proportion of new cancer cases attributable to suboptimal intakes of seven dietary factors among US adults ages 20 years or older, and by population subgroups. Results An estimated 80 110 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] = 76 316 to 83 657) new cancer cases were attributable to suboptimal diet, accounting for 5.2% (95% UI = 5.0% to 5.5%) of all new cancer cases in 2015. Of these, 67 488 (95% UI = 63 583 to 70 978) and 4.4% (95% UI = 4.2% to 4.6%) were attributable to direct associations and 12 589 (95% UI = 12 156 to 13 038) and 0.82% (95% UI = 0.79% to 0.85%) to obesity-mediated associations. By cancer type, colorectal cancer had the highest number and proportion of diet-related cases (n = 52 225, 38.3%). By diet, low consumption of whole grains (n = 27 763, 1.8%) and dairy products (n = 17 692, 1.2%) and high intake of processed meats (n = 14 524, 1.0%) contributed to the highest burden. Men, middle-aged (45–64 years) and racial/ethnic minorities (non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and others) had the highest proportion of diet-associated cancer burden than other age, sex, and race/ethnicity groups. Conclusions More than 80 000 new cancer cases are estimated to be associated with suboptimal diet among US adults in 2015, with middle-aged men and racial/ethnic minorities experiencing the largest proportion of diet-associated cancer burden in the United States.

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The demand for blood in England and Wales and the United States

The Gift Relationship ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447349570.003.0003 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Richard M. Titmuss

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Human Blood ◽

The United States ◽

Annual Number ◽

Major Life ◽

England And Wales ◽

Life Saving ◽

World Trend

This chapter examines the demand for blood in England and Wales and the United States. Between 1948 and 1967, the annual number of donations of blood in England and Wales rose by 269 per cent. Some part of this increase in supply has met the increase in the amount of blood actually demanded and used per 100 patients treated in hospitals. Meanwhile, estimates have been made that 5,100,000 pints of blood were collected in the United States in 1956 and around 6,000,000 pints in 1966–7. Some of the factors responsible for this world trend relate to the major life-saving role of blood. Others are adding yearly to the relatively new role for human blood of acting as a vital preventive and therapeutic agent. Surgery in its many branches has, for example, been given a new lease of life by increases in the volume of blood available and the advent of effective blood transfusion services.

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Evolution of the Oropharynx Cancer Epidemic in the United States: Moderation of Increasing Incidence in Younger Individuals and Shift in the Burden to Older Individuals

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.19.00370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (18) ◽

pp. 1538-1546 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Joseph E. Tota ◽

Ana F. Best ◽

Zachary S. Zumsteg ◽

Maura L. Gillison ◽

Philip S. Rosenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

White Men ◽

The United States ◽

Annual Number ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Oropharynx Cancer ◽

Rate Of Increase

PURPOSE Human papillomavirus–positive oropharynx cancer incidence has increased rapidly in cohorts of US white men born during the 1930s to 1950s. It is unknown how the trajectory of the oropharynx cancer epidemic may be changing in the United States. METHODS Using US cancer registry information, we investigated whether increases in oropharynx cancer have continued into recent birth cohorts and forecasted the future burden across age, sex, and race/ethnicity subgroups. Log-linear Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models were used to evaluate incidence trends during 1992 to 2015 and projections through 2029. RESULTS Among white men, oropharynx cancer incidence increased rapidly in individuals born during 1939 to 1955 (5.3% per 2-year birth cohort; 95% CI, 4.8% to 5.7%), but this rate of increase significantly moderated in individuals born during 1955 to 1969 (1.7% per 2-year birth cohort; 95% CI, 1.0% to 2.4%). Should these birth-cohort trends continue, from 2016 to 2029 we forecast that incidence will increase dramatically in older white men 65 to 74 years of age (from 40.7 to 71.2 per 100,000) and 75 to 84 years of age (from 25.7 to 50.1 per 100,000), moderately in white men 55 to 64 years of age (from 40.3 to 52.0 per 100,000), and remain stable in white men 45 to 54 years of age (approximately 18 per 100,000). Accounting for population growth, we project an increase in annual number of cases in the United States from 20,124 (95% CI, 19,779 to 20,469) in 2016 to 30,629 (95% CI, 29,413 to 31,845) in 2029, primarily driven by older individuals (age ≥ 65 years; from 7,976 [95% CI, 7,782 to 8,172] to 18,072 [95% CI, 17,271 to 18,895]) and white men (from 14,453 [95% CI, 14,142 to 14,764] to 22,241 [95% CI, 21,119 to 23,364]). CONCLUSION The exponential increase in oropharynx cancer incidence in young white US men has ebbed, and modest increases are occurring/anticipated in cohorts born after 1955. Continued strong increases in incidence in cohorts born before 1955, and an approximate 50% increase in size of the US population age 65 years or older through 2029, portend a substantial shift in burden to elderly white men.

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Utilization and Economic Impact of Posterolateral Fusion and Posterior/Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgeries in the United States

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/2192568218790557 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 185-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Comron Saifi ◽

Alejandro Cazzulino ◽

Joseph Laratta ◽

Akshay V. Save ◽

Jamal N. Shillingford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Average Cost ◽

Interbody Fusion ◽

Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽

The United States ◽

Posterolateral Fusion ◽

Annual Number ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽

National Inpatient Sample

Study Design: Retrospective database study. Objective: To analyze the economic and age data concerning primary and revision posterolateral fusion (PLF) and posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF/TLIF) throughout the United States to improve value-based care and health care utilization. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for patients who underwent primary or revision PLF and PLIF/TLIF between 2011 and 2014. Age and economic data included number of procedures, costs, and revision burden. The National Inpatient Sample database represents a 20% sample of discharges from US hospitals weighted to provide national estimates. Results: From 2011 to 2014, the annual number of PLF and PLIF/TLIF procedures decreased 18% and increased 23%, respectively, in the Unites States. During the same period, the number of revision PLF decreased 19%, while revision PLIF/TLIF remained relatively unchanged. The average cost of PLF was lower than the average cost of PLIF/TLIF. The aggregate national cost for PLF was more than $3 billion, while PLIF/TLIF totaled less than $2 billion. Revision burden (ratio of revision surgeries to the sum of both revision and primary surgeries) remained constant at 8.0% for PLF while it declined from 3.2% to 2.9% for PLIF/TLIF. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a steady increase in PLIF/TLIF, while PLF alone decreased. The increasing number of PLIF/TLIF procedures may account for the apparent decline of PLF procedures. There was a higher average cost for PLIF/TLIF as compared with PLF. Revision burden remained unchanged for PLF but declined for PLIF/TLIF, implying a decreased need for revision procedures following the initial PLIF/TLIF surgery.

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