Altering protein turnover in tumor cells: New opportunities for anti-cancer therapies

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Demarchi ◽  
Claudio Brancolini
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals Tumor Vessels Fuel the Fire in Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6514
Author(s):  
Sara Rosińska ◽  
Julie Gavard
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Vascular Networks ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Sprouting Angiogenesis ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Vascular Mimicry

Glioblastoma, a subset of aggressive brain tumors, deploy several means to increase blood vessel supply dedicated to the tumor mass. This includes typical program borrowed from embryonic development, such as vasculogenesis and sprouting angiogenesis, as well as unconventional processes, including co-option, vascular mimicry, and transdifferentiation, in which tumor cells are pro-actively engaged. However, these neo-generated vascular networks are morphologically and functionally abnormal, suggesting that the vascularization processes are rather inefficient in the tumor ecosystem. In this review, we reiterate the specificities of each neovascularization modality in glioblastoma, and, how they can be hampered mechanistically in the perspective of anti-cancer therapies.

scholarly journals Oncolytic animal viruses and their applications in anti-cancer therapies

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Marcin Chodkowski ◽  
Joanna Cymerys ◽  
Anna Słońska ◽  
Marcin W. Bańbura
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The World ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Cancer is one of the most frequent causes of death in Poland and in the world. The low efficacy of conventional treatment, as well as the high toxicity of the usual therapies, have stimulated the search for alternative methods. One of them is the deployment of oncolytic viruses. Oncolytic viruses have a natural ability to lyse tumor cells or can obtain this ability through certain modifications. The aim of virotherapy is to discover a virus that will lyse only tumor cells, and will not be dangerous to healthy cells, and moreover will not cause an undesirable response from the host’s immune system. Animal viruses with oncolytic abilities are very promising, because they are not pathogenic for humans and often show a high specificity for human cancerous cells.

scholarly journals Bacterial-Based Cancer Therapy (BBCT): Recent Advances, Current Challenges, and Future Prospects for Cancer Immunotherapy

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Kajal H. Gupta ◽  
Christina Nowicki ◽  
Eileena F. Giurini ◽  
Amanda L. Marzo ◽  
Andrew Zloza
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Anti Cancer

Currently approximately 10 million people die each year due to cancer, and cancer is the cause of every sixth death worldwide. Tremendous efforts and progress have been made towards finding a cure for cancer. However, numerous challenges have been faced due to adverse effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and alternative cancer therapies, including toxicity to non-cancerous cells, the inability of drugs to reach deep tumor tissue, and the persistent problem of increasing drug resistance in tumor cells. These challenges have increased the demand for the development of alternative approaches with greater selectivity and effectiveness against tumor cells. Cancer immunotherapy has made significant advancements towards eliminating cancer. Our understanding of cancer-directed immune responses and the mechanisms through which immune cells invade tumors have extensively helped us in the development of new therapies. Among immunotherapies, the application of bacteria and bacterial-based products has promising potential to be used as treatments that combat cancer. Bacterial targeting of tumors has been developed as a unique therapeutic option that meets the ongoing challenges of cancer treatment. In comparison with other cancer therapeutics, bacterial-based therapies have capabilities for suppressing cancer. Bacteria are known to accumulate and proliferate in the tumor microenvironment and initiate antitumor immune responses. We are currently well-informed regarding various methods by which bacteria can be manipulated by simple genetic engineering or synthetic bioengineering to induce the production of anti-cancer drugs. Further, bacterial-based cancer therapy (BBCT) can be either used as a monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer therapies for better clinical outcomes. Here, we review recent advances, current challenges, and prospects of bacteria and bacterial products in the development of BBCTs.

ANTICANCER EFFECT OF UVARIA GENUS

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Thi Bich Hien Le ◽  
Viet Duc Ho ◽  
Thi Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Cancer Activity

Nowadays, cancer treatment has been a big challenge to healthcare systems. Most of clinical anti-cancer therapies are toxic and cause adverse effects to human body. Therefore, current trend in science is seeking and screening of natural compounds which possess antineoplastic activities to utilize in treatment. Uvaria L. - Annonaceae includes approximately 175 species spreading over tropical areas of Asia, Australia, Africa and America. Studies on chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Uvaria showed that several compound classes in this genus such as alkaloid, flavonoid, cyclohexen derivaties, acetogenin, steroid, terpenoid, etc. indicate considerable biological activities, for example anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, etc. Specifically, anti-cancer activity of fractions of extract and pure isolated compounds stands out for cytotoxicity against many cancer cell lines. This study provides an overview of anti-cancer activity of Uvaria and suggests a potential for further studies on seeking and developing novel anti-cancer compounds. Key words: Anti-cancer, Uvaria.

Recent Advances on Therapeutic Peptides for Breast Cancer Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samad Beheshtirouy ◽  
Farhad Mirzaei ◽  
Shirin Eyvazi ◽  
Vahideh Tarhriz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Peptides ◽  
Low Toxicity

: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy which is the second cause of mortality among women in the world. Increasing the resistance to anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer cells persuades researchers to search the novel therapies approaches for the treatment of the malignancy. Among the novel methods, therapeutic peptides which target and disrupt tumor cells have been of great interest. Therapeutic peptides are short amino acids monomer chains with high specificity to bind and modulate a protein interaction of interest. Several advantages of peptides such as specific binding on tumor cells surface, low molecular weight and low toxicity on normal cells make the peptides as an appealing therapeutic agents against solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. Also, National Institutes of Health (NIH) describes therapeutic peptides as suitable candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer. In this review, we attempt to review the different therapeutic peptides against breast cancer cells which can be used in treatment and diagnosis of the malignancy. Meanwhile, we presented an overview of peptide vaccines which have been developed for the treatment of breast cancer.

Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Kostadinova ◽  
Milena Mourdjeva
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Blocking Mechanisms

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are localized throughout the adult body as a small population in the stroma of the tissue concerned. In injury, tissue damage, or tumor formation, they are activated and leave their niche to migrate to the site of injury, where they release a plethora of growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive molecules. With the accumulation of data about the interaction between MSCs and tumor cells, the dualistic role of MSCs remains unclear. However, a large number of studies have demonstrated the natural anti-tumor properties inherent in MSCs, so this is the basis for intensive research for new methods using MSCs as a tool to suppress cancer cell development. This review focuses specifically on advanced approaches in modifying MSCs to become a powerful, precision- targeted tool for killing cancer cells, but not normal healthy cells. Suppression of tumor growth by MSCs can be accomplished by inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, suppressing tumor angiogenesis, or blocking mechanisms mediating metastasis. In addition, the chemosensitivity of cancer cells may be increased so that the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent used could be significantly reduced.

Kinase Inhibitors Targeting Anti-angiogenesis as Anti-cancer Therapies

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Feiyang Liu ◽  
David L. Waller ◽  
Junfeng Wang ◽  
Qingsong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer

scholarly journals AB0080 A SYSTEM-LEVEL APPROACH IDENTIFIES A CRITICAL REGULATOR OF CHONDROSARCOMA PROGRESSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1340.3-1340
Author(s):  
H. Kim ◽  
Y. Cho ◽  
J. H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Histological Grade ◽  
System Level ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Background:Chondrosarcomas are cartilaginous tumors that constitute one-third of skeletal system cancers. Chondrosarcomas are capable of transitioning to highly metastatic and treatment-refractory states, resulting in significant patient mortality. However, the molecular events accompanying this behavior remain unknown.Objectives:We aimed to uncover the molecular pathway underlying such tumor progression that confers a higher malignancy to chondrosarcoma.Methods:We conducted unsupervised gene co-expression network analyses using transcriptomes of patients with chondrosarcoma and extracted a characteristic transcription network underlying chondrosarcoma malignancy. By implementing a system-level upstream analysis of this gene network, we identified the transcriptional factor as a key regulator governing chondrosarcoma progression. We unraveled the functional roles of the identified factor in promoting tumor growth and metastasis of chondrosarcomas in the context of their unique microenvironments.Results:By conducting system-level upstream analysis, we identified a factor as a transcriptional regulator that governs the malignancy gene module. The identified factor was upregulated in chondrosarcoma biopsies associated with a high histological grade and conferred chondrosarcoma cells invasiveness and tumor-initiating capacity. In an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, the identified factor modulated local outgrowth and pulmonary metastasis of chondrosarcoma. Pharmacological inhibition of the identified factor in conjunction with the chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin or doxorubicin synergistically enhanced chondrosarcoma cell apoptosis and abolished malignant phenotypes of chondrosarcoma in mice.Conclusion:Our study provides a proof of concept evidence that inhibiting the identified factor suppresses progression of chondrosarcoma and improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in cellular and pre-clinical levels. Taken together, we believe that our findings provide novel molecular insights for the development of new anti-cancer therapies to target chondrosarcomas.References:[1]Gelderblom H, et al. The clinical approach towards chondrosarcoma. Oncologist 13, 320-329 (2008)Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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