scholarly journals Corrigendum to “The impact of household resources on child behavioral problems” [Econ. Anal. Policy 66 (2020) 289–290]

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 407-409
Author(s):  
Yuko Nozaki
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The effects of paternal childcare in early childhood on later behavioral problems in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ochi ◽  
T Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Paternal Involvement ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Parenting by primary caregivers in early childhood is important for the psycho-social development of children. Previous studies reported that the effect of maternal childcare on child behavioral problems. However, the research about the paternal childcare was limited. This study aims to clarify the impact of paternal childcare during infant-period on behavioral problems in later childhood, in terms of 1) childcare hours and 2) type of involvement in childcare. Methods We used the data of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), which was a population-based survey in Japan. We analyzed 35,082 samples, excluding single parents. Paternal childcare was assessed by the following; paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends at 18 months old, and frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, diaper change, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing at home, and taking the child outside) at 6 and 18 months old. We evaluated child behavioral problems by the caregiver's answer at 5 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for analysis. Results Children with paternal childcare for ≥ 6 hours on weekends at 18 months old were had fewer behavioral problems at 5 years old than children with paternal childcare for < 4 hours (odds ratio (OR): 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77 to 0,89), while there was no clear association between paternal childcare hours on weekdays and child outcomes. Children with frequent paternal childcare at 6 and 18 months old also had fewer behavioral problems than children with less paternal childcare (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.90). Some types of paternal childcare (feeding, playing at home, and taking the child outside) strongly reduced child behavioral problems at 5 years old, and dose-effect relations were observed (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusions Paternal childcare for a longer time on weekends in the infant-period could reduce the child behavioral problems at 5 years old. Key messages High paternal involvement in childcare during infant age, such as taking the child outside the home on weekends, could have protective effects on behavioral problems in later childhood. The promotion of paternal involvement in childcare in early childhood should be useful for adequate child development.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on the Adaptive Functioning, Behavioral Problems, and Repetitive Behaviors of Italian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Observational Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Martina Siracusano ◽  
Eugenia Segatori ◽  
Assia Riccioni ◽  
Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti ◽  
Paolo Curatolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
The Impact

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families have represented a fragile population on which the extreme circumstances of the COVID-19 outbreak may have doubly impaired. Interruption of therapeutical interventions delivered in-person and routine disruption constituted some of the main challenges they had to face. This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on adaptive functioning, behavioral problems, and repetitive behaviors of children with ASD. In a sample of 85 Italian ASD children (mean age 7 years old; 68 males, 17 females), through a comparison with a baseline evaluation performed during the months preceding COVID-19, we evaluated whether after the compulsory home confinement any improvement or worsening was reported by parents of ASD individuals using standardized instruments (Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (Second Edition), Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised). No significant worsening in the adaptive functioning, problematic, and repetitive behaviors emerged after the compulsory home confinement. Within the schooler children, clinical stability was found in reference to both adaptive skills and behavioral aspects, whereas within preschoolers, a significant improvement in adaptive skills emerged and was related to the subsistence of web-delivered intervention, parental work continuance, and online support during the lockdown.

scholarly journals Negative parental emotional environment increases the association between childhood behavioral problems and impaired recognition of negative facial expressions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Burley ◽  
Christopher W. Hobson ◽  
Dolapo Adegboye ◽  
Katherine H. Shelton ◽  
Stephanie H.M. van Goozen
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Emotional Environment ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems

Abstract Impaired facial emotion recognition is a transdiagnostic risk factor for a range of psychiatric disorders. Childhood behavioral difficulties and parental emotional environment have been independently associated with impaired emotion recognition; however, no study has examined the contribution of these factors in conjunction. We measured recognition of negative (sad, fear, anger), neutral, and happy facial expressions in 135 children aged 5–7 years referred by their teachers for behavioral problems. Parental emotional environment was assessed for parental expressed emotion (EE) – characterized by negative comments, reduced positive comments, low warmth, and negativity towards their child – using the 5-minute speech sample. Child behavioral problems were measured using the teacher-informant Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Child behavioral problems and parental EE were independently associated with impaired recognition of negative facial expressions specifically. An interactive effect revealed that the combination of both factors was associated with the greatest risk for impaired recognition of negative faces, and in particular sad facial expressions. No relationships emerged for the identification of happy facial expressions. This study furthers our understanding of multidimensional processes associated with the development of facial emotion recognition and supports the importance of early interventions that target this domain.

The Confluence of Individual Autonomy and Collective Identity in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Alagaraja ◽  
Kristin Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Indian Woman ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
The Impact

The Problem In India, more household resources are spent on the education of sons than daughters; access to health and education reflects gender inequalities regardless of caste; poor women in India suffer malnourishment, and under- and unemployment. While there exists a steady stream of research on gender disparities and poverty in India, few studies have focused on gender disparities in wealthier communities. Yet, economic development as a whole will be more equal, more sustainable, and more rapid when gender inequalities are addressed. The Solution We explore gender inequity qualitatively through a single biography of an Indian woman, one of the authors. Using the power of cultural differences between researchers; a U.S. American interviewed the Indian researcher, we make sense of a narrative of an Indian woman caught between her desire to pursue education and career and her family’s and community’s expectation that she marry and start her own family. The study offers insights that extend knowledge about the increasing tensions between individual choice and the collective ethic that are experienced in India as the country transitions into a free market economy. The Stakeholders By focusing on the biography of a woman caught between family and community expectations and her own aspirations for education and career, the article highlights the impact of globalization, and macro- and micro-level economic, and sociocultural, forces that produce unique challenges and tensions in a fast growing market-based economy. Public policy makers play an important role in assessing the impact of national human resource development (NHRD) policies and practices that emphasize equal opportunities for women and other marginalized communities in a country such as India.

Measuring Outcomes in Alzheimer's Disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda J. V. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Target Individual ◽  
Measuring Outcomes ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Target

The premise underlying the implementation of any intervention aimed at changing behavioral or other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is that the change will be beneficial in some manner for the patient and the benefits will outweigh any negative consequences that may simultaneously result from the intervention. Consequently, the ultimate task of investigators studying the impact of proposed interventions is to identify and measure the benefit that stems from the intervention, as well as any negative effects. When interventions are intended to create organic changes, as is traditionally true with pharmacologic interventions, the identification of relevant outcomes is made relatively simple through indicators of organic functioning. However, when intended changes are behavioral, the identification of appropriate outcomes is far more complex. An individual's behavior ultimately has an impact on all the actors within his or her social setting, directly or indirectly. Furthermore, changes in an individual's behavior may have an impact on other persons in such a way that these secondary changes feed back to further influence the initial target individual. Hence, it is likely that the most appropriate study designs for assessing the impact of interventions aimed at behavioral problems will include multiple outcome measures for multiple actors.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Multiple Dimensions of Poverty on Child Behavioral Problems: Results from the A-CHILD Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11821
Author(s):  
Yui Yamaoka ◽  
Aya Isumi ◽  
Satomi Doi ◽  
Manami Ochi ◽  
Takeo Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Child Study ◽  
Child Behavioral Problems

The differential effects of low income and material deprivation—in particular, deprivation related to child educational needs—have not been well examined. This study aimed to examine the effects of low income and life-related and child-related deprivation on child behavioral problems. This study used data from first-grade students who participated in the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study in 2015, 2017, and 2019 (N = 12,367) in Japan. Material deprivation was divided into life-related deprivation (i.e., lack of items for a living) and child-related deprivation (i.e., lack of children’s books, etc.), and low income was assessed via annual household income. We assessed child behavioral problems and prosocial behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. One in ten children belonged to low-income families, 15.4% of children experienced life-related deprivation, and 5.4% of children experienced child-related deprivation. While life- and child-related deprivation had significant adverse effects on behavioral problems, they had no association with prosocial behavior. The effects of low income were mediated by parental psychological distress (45.0% of the total effect) and the number of consulting sources (20.8%) on behavioral problems. The effects of life-related and child-related deprivation were mediated by parental psychological distress (29.2–35.0%) and the number of consulting sources (6.4–6.9%) on behavioral problems. Life-related and child-related deprivation, but not low income, are important for child mental health.

scholarly journals PARENTING STYLES AND THEIR IMPACTS ON CHILD PROBLEM BEHAVIORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-285
Author(s):  
Agnes Maria Sumargi ◽  
Eli Prasetyo ◽  
Benedicta Winona Ardelia
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Family Adjustment ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Child Problem Behavior ◽  
Child Emotional Problems ◽  
Child Problem Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Managing child problem behaviors as early as possible is crucial. Several studies have shown the impact of parenting on child problem behavior; however, the studies did not investigate the influence of paternal and maternal parenting on child behavior separately. This study aimed to test the effect of mothers’ and fathers’ authoritative and authoritarian parenting on child problem behavior. Furthermore, this study examined the influence of family adjustment on parenting styles. Participants were 105 pairs of parents (fathers and mothers). They completed a set of questionnaires assessing their parenting styles, child problem behavior, and family adjustment. Multiple regression analyses resulted in a significant effect of mothers’ authoritative parenting on child emotional problems, as well as significant effects of fathers’ authoritative and authoritarian parenting on child behavioral problems. Another key finding was that parental teamwork predicted the effectiveness of parenting.

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