The effects of paternal childcare in early childhood on later behavioral problems in Japan

Abstract Background Parenting by primary caregivers in early childhood is important for the psycho-social development of children. Previous studies reported that the effect of maternal childcare on child behavioral problems. However, the research about the paternal childcare was limited. This study aims to clarify the impact of paternal childcare during infant-period on behavioral problems in later childhood, in terms of 1) childcare hours and 2) type of involvement in childcare. Methods We used the data of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), which was a population-based survey in Japan. We analyzed 35,082 samples, excluding single parents. Paternal childcare was assessed by the following; paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends at 18 months old, and frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, diaper change, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing at home, and taking the child outside) at 6 and 18 months old. We evaluated child behavioral problems by the caregiver's answer at 5 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for analysis. Results Children with paternal childcare for ≥ 6 hours on weekends at 18 months old were had fewer behavioral problems at 5 years old than children with paternal childcare for < 4 hours (odds ratio (OR): 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77 to 0,89), while there was no clear association between paternal childcare hours on weekdays and child outcomes. Children with frequent paternal childcare at 6 and 18 months old also had fewer behavioral problems than children with less paternal childcare (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.90). Some types of paternal childcare (feeding, playing at home, and taking the child outside) strongly reduced child behavioral problems at 5 years old, and dose-effect relations were observed (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusions Paternal childcare for a longer time on weekends in the infant-period could reduce the child behavioral problems at 5 years old. Key messages High paternal involvement in childcare during infant age, such as taking the child outside the home on weekends, could have protective effects on behavioral problems in later childhood. The promotion of paternal involvement in childcare in early childhood should be useful for adequate child development.

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Paternal Childcare In Early Childhood and Problematic Behavior in Children: A Population-Based Prospective Study in Japan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-382771/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manami Ochi ◽

Takeo Fujiwara

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Population Based ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

At Home

Abstract Background: Little is known about the effects of paternal childcare on children’s behavioral development. This study explored the association between paternal childcare during infancy in terms of childcare hours and type of caregiving behavior and subsequent behavioral problems in children aged 5.5 years stratified by sex.Methods: We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2001-2006), a population-based cohort survey in Japan (N = 27,870). Paternal childcare was assessed at 18 months in terms of paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends and the frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, changing diapers, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing with the child at home, and taking the child outside). Six categories of child behavioral problems were assessed when the children were 5.5 years old. Logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the known confounding variables.Results: Longer paternal childcare hours, on both weekdays and weekends in infancy, had a protective effect on behavioral problems at 5.5 years of age. The dose-effect relationships were found between the frequency of fathers taking their children outside and behavioral problems in boys, and the frequency of fathers playing with their children at home and behavioral problems in both boys and girls.Conclusions: Paternal childcare during infancy could prevent subsequent behavioral problems in children. Several specific paternal caregiving behaviors, such as taking their children outside and playing with them at home, may play an important role in preventing subsequent behavioral problems.

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Paternal childcare in early childhood and problematic behavior in children: a population-based prospective study in Japan

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02838-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manami Ochi ◽

Takeo Fujiwara

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Problems ◽

Working Hours ◽

Population Based ◽

First Century ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Sufficient Time ◽

Long Working Hours ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

At Home

Abstract Background There have been numerous reports on the effects of paternal childcare on children’s behavioral development. However, little is known about these effects in Asian countries such as Japan, where fathers do not have sufficient time for childcare due to long working hours. This study explored the association between paternal childcare during toddlerhood in terms of childcare hours and the type of caregiving behavior and subsequent behavioral problems in children aged 5.5 years, stratified by sex. Methods We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the twenty-first Century (2001–2006), a population-based cohort survey in Japan (N = 27,870). Paternal childcare was assessed at 18 months in terms of paternal childcare hours on weekdays or weekends and the frequency of each type of childcare (feeding, changing diapers, bathing, putting the child to sleep, playing with the child at home, and taking the child outside). Based on the frequency or lack of paternal involvement, six categories of child behavioral problems were assessed when the children were 5.5 years old. Logistic regression analysis was applied to account for the known confounding variables. Results Longer paternal childcare hours, on both weekdays and weekends in toddlerhood, had a protective effect on behavioral problems at 5.5 years of age. The dose-effect relationships were found between the frequency of fathers taking their children outside and behavioral problems in boys, and the frequency of fathers playing with their children at home and behavioral problems in both boys and girls. Conclusions Paternal childcare during toddlerhood could prevent subsequent behavioral problems in children. Several specific paternal caregiving behaviors, such as taking their children outside and playing with them at home, may play an important role in preventing subsequent behavioral problems.

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The Association of Antibiotic (ATB) exposure prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment on early emergency room and hospitalization utilization: A population-based study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽

pp. 304-304

Author(s):

Lawson Eng ◽

Rinku Sutradhar ◽

Yue Niu ◽

Ning Liu ◽

Ying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Room ◽

Acute Care ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Population Based ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Comorbidity Score ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Acute Care Utilization ◽

The Impact

304 Background: ICIs are becoming a common therapeutic option for many solid tumors. Prior studies have shown that ATB exposure can negatively impact ICI outcomes through gut microbiome changes leading to poorer overall survival; however, less is known about the potential impact of ATB exposure on toxicities from ICI. We undertook a population-based retrospective cohort study in patients receiving ICIs to evaluate the impact of ATB exposure on early acute care use, defined as emergency department visit or hospitalization, within 30 days of initiation of ICI therapy. Methods: Administrative data was utilized to identify a cohort of cancer patients > 65 years of age receiving ICIs from June 2012 to October 2018 in Ontario, Canada. We linked databases deterministically to obtain socio-demographic and clinical co-variates, ATB prescription claims and acute care utilization. Patients were censored if they died within 30 days of initiating ICI therapy. The impact of ATB exposure within 60 days prior to starting ICI on early acute care use was evaluated using multi-variable logistic regression models, adjusted for age, gender, rurality, recent hospitalization within 60 days prior to starting ICI and comorbidity score. Results: Among 2737 patients (median age 73 years), 43% received Nivolumab, 41% Pembrolizumab and 13% Ipilimumab, most commonly for lung cancer (53%) or melanoma (34%). Of these patients, 19% had ATB within 60 days prior to ICI with a median ATB treatment duration of 9 days (SD = 13). 647 (25%) patients had an acute care episode within 30 days of starting ICIs; 182 (7%) patients passed away within 30 days without acute care use and were censored from further analyses. Any ATB exposure within 60 days prior to ICI was associated with greater likelihood of acute care use (aOR = 1.34 95% CI [1.07-1.67] p = 0.01). A dose effect was seen based on weeks of ATB exposure within 60 days prior to ICI (aOR = 1.12 per week [1.04-1.21] p = 0.004) and early acute care use. ATB class analysis identified that exposure to penicillins (aOR = 1.54 [1.11-2.15] p = 0.01) and fluoroquinolones (aOR = 1.55 [1.11-2.17] p = 0.01) within 60 days of starting ICIs were associated with a greater likelihood of acute care use, while there was no significant association between cephalosporin exposure and early acute care use (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Exposure to ATBs, specifically fluoroquinolones and penicillins, prior to ICI therapy is associated with greater likelihood of hospitalization or emergency room visits within 30 days after initiation of ICIs, even after adjustment for relevant co-variates including age, comorbidity score and recent hospitalization prior to ICI initiation. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms of recent ATB exposure on early acute care use among patients receiving ICIs.

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Distinguishing postpartum and antepartum depressive trajectories in a large population-based cohort: the impact of exposure to adversity and offspring gender

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291717002549 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (7) ◽

pp. 1139-1147 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C. A. Denckla ◽

A. D. Mancini ◽

N. S. Consedine ◽

S. M. Milanovic ◽

A. Basu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Child Outcomes ◽

Large Population ◽

Growth Mixture Modeling ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Population Based ◽

Child Gender ◽

Offspring Gender ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundDistinguishing temporal patterns of depressive symptoms during pregnancy and after childbirth has important clinical implications for diagnosis, treatment, and maternal and child outcomes. The primary aim of the present study was to distinguish patterns of chronically elevated levels of depressive symptoms v. trajectories that are either elevated during pregnancy but then remit after childbirth, v. patterns that increase after childbirth.MethodsThe report uses latent growth mixture modeling in a large, population-based cohort (N = 12 121) to investigate temporal patterns of depressive symptoms. We examined theoretically relevant sociodemographic factors, exposure to adversity, and offspring gender as predictors.ResultsFour distinct trajectories emerged, including resilient (74.3%), improving (9.2%), emergent (4.0%), and chronic (11.5%). Lower maternal and paternal education distinguished chronic from resilient depressive trajectories, whereas higher maternal and partner education, and female offspring gender, distinguished the emergent trajectory from the chronic trajectory. Younger maternal age distinguished the improving group from the resilient group. Exposure to medical, interpersonal, financial, and housing adversity predicted membership in the chronic, emergent, and improving trajectories compared with the resilient trajectory. Finally, exposure to medical, interpersonal, and financial adversity was associated with the chronic v. improving group, and inversely related to the emergent class relative to the improving group.ConclusionsThere are distinct temporal patterns of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, after childbirth, and beyond. Most women show stable low levels of depressive symptoms, while emergent and chronic depression patterns are separable with distinct correlates, most notably maternal age, education levels, adversity exposure, and child gender.

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Implementation of Multimedia Based Learning in Memorizing the Short Hadiths in Raudhatul Atfhal Darul Adib Menteng Medan

Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal ◽

10.33258/birle.v3i1.857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 609-615

Author(s):

Maridah Lubis ◽

Ali Imran Sinaga ◽

Afrahul Fadhilah Daulay

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Field Research ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Children's Memory ◽

The Subject ◽

Descriptive Approach ◽

The Impact ◽

At Home

One of the problem faced in early childhood now is the weakness in memorizing short hadiths. Hadiths is no lesson that can be achieved by just learning it, without making it. A habit to memorizing it since childhood. Hadits learning through memorization can be started from habituation done at home or school, with habituation installed since childhood wiol provide many benefits to children. The study aims to find out how the implementation of multimedia based learning in memorizing the hadith and the impact it causes as well as supporting in memorizing the hadiths in Raudhatul Atfhal Darul Adib Menteng Medan. This type of research is field research with qualitative descriptive approach the subject of this study Raudhatul Atfhal Darul Adib Menteng Medan students. The result showed that through multimedia based learning in memorizing the short hadiths makes children memorable it will strengthen children’s memory with a sense of heart and build lovw to our prophet Muhammad Saw.

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Impact of antibiotic (ATB) exposure prior to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment on overall survival (OS): A population-based study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.303 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽

pp. 303-303

Author(s):

Lawson Eng ◽

Rinku Sutradhar ◽

Yue Niu ◽

Ning Liu ◽

Ying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Population Level ◽

Population Based ◽

Dose Effect ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Exposure Windows ◽

The Impact

303 Background: ICIs are a common therapeutic option for many solid tumors. While prior studies have shown that ATB exposure may negatively impact ICI outcomes through gut microbiome changes, many were small studies with heterogeneity in ATB classes and exposure windows. Here, we performed a population level retrospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of ATB exposure prior to ICI on OS. Methods: We used administrative data to identify a cohort of cancer patients > 65 years of age receiving ICIs from June 2012 to October 2018 in Ontario, Canada and deterministically linked with databases to obtain socio-demographic and clinical co-variates and ATB prescription claims. Multivariable cox-proportional hazard models evaluated the impact of ATB exposure both within 1 year and 60 days prior to starting ICI on OS, adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, autoimmune history, hospitalization in the past year and treatment facility level at start of ICI therapy. Results: Among 2737 patients, median age 73; 43% received Nivolumab, 41% Pembrolizumab and 13% Ipilimumab; 53% were lung cancer, 34% melanoma. Median ATB treatment duration for patients receiving ATB within 1 year (59%) and 60 days (19%) prior to ICI were 14 days (SD = 32) and 9 days (SD = 13) respectively. Median OS estimate was 306 days. Any ATB exposure within 1 year prior to ICI was associated with worse OS (aHR = 1.12 95% CI [1.12-1.23] p = 0.03). A non significant dose effect was seen based on weeks of ATB exposure 1 year prior to ICI (aHR = 1.01 per week [1.00-1.02] p = 0.10). ATB class analysis identified fluoroquinolone exposure within 1 year (aHR = 1.26 [1.13-1.40] p < 0.001) and 60 days before ICI (aHR = 1.20 [0.99-1.45] p = 0.06) were associated with worse OS; with a dose effect based on total weeks of exposure over 1 year (aHR = 1.07 per week [1.03-1.11] p < 0.001) and 60 days (aHR = 1.12 per week [1.03-1.23] p = 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed similar results for patients receiving anti-PD1 ICIs, where patients exposed to fluoroquinolone both 1 year (aHR = 1.28 [1.15-1.44] p < 0.001) and 60 days (aHR = 1.19 [0.98-1.44] p = 0.08) before ICIs had poorer OS with dose effects observed based on weeks of fluoroquinolone exposure. Similarly, subgroup analyses based on disease site identified that lung cancer patients exposed to fluoroquinolones 1 year before starting ICIs (aHR = 1.22 [1.06-1.39] p = 0.005) and melanoma patients exposed to fluoroquinolones 60 days before starting ICIs (aHR = 1.66 [1.12-2.47] p = 0.01) had poorer OS. Conclusions: Exposure to ATBs and specifically fluoroquinolones prior to ICI therapy is associated with worse OS. Interventions aimed at altering the gut microbiome may be required to help improve outcomes for patients on ICIs with prior ATB exposure.

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Evaluating an Intergenerational Model to Explain the Path From Violence Against Mothers to Child Behavior and Academic Outcomes

Violence Against Women ◽

10.1177/1077801219841444 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (6-7) ◽

pp. 730-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lene Symes ◽

Judith McFarlane ◽

John Maddoux ◽

Nina Fredland

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Child Behavior ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Maternal Mental Health ◽

Child Outcomes ◽

Health Concerns ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Child Behavioral Problems ◽

Mental Health Concerns

An intergenerational model to explain the long-term effect of partner violence against mothers on child behavior was evaluated 48 months after 278 mothers first sought safe shelter or justice services. Twelve percent reported recent abuse, and six mothers reported severe or extreme danger. Self-efficacy (−.58, p < .05), social support (−28, p < .05), and financial support (−.25) were inversely associated with mental health concerns. Higher maternal mental health concerns (.55, p < .05) and child witnessing abuse (.70, p < .05) were associated with child behavioral problems. Child behavioral problems were inversely associated with child academic functioning (−.22, p < .05). To improve child outcomes, interventions that establish safety for mothers and children and promote maternal mental health are needed.

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