Nitrate removal by watershed-scale hyporheic stream restoration: Modeling approach to estimate effects and patterns at the stream network scale

2022 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 106498
Author(s):  
Michael L. Calfe ◽  
Durelle T. Scott ◽  
Erich T. Hester
Keyword(s):  
Stream Restoration ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Network Scale

Modeling the response of non-perennial streams to climate change impact: The Bouregreg watershed in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria De Girolamo ◽  
Youssef Brouziyne ◽  
Lahcen Benaabidate ◽  
Aziz Aboubdillah ◽  
Ali El Bilali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Hybrid Modeling ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Global Circulation Model ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Modeling Approach

<p>The non-perennial streams and rivers are predominant in the Mediterranean region and play an important ecological role in the ecosystem diversity in this region. This class of streams is particularly vulnerable to climate change effects that are expected to amplify further under most climatic projections. Understanding the potential response of the hydrologic regime attributes to climatic stress helps in planning better conservation and management strategies. Bouregreg watershed (BW) in Morocco, is a strategic watershed for the region with a developed non-perennial stream network, and with typical assets and challenges of most Mediterranean watersheds. In this study, a hybrid modeling approach, based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and Indicator of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) program, was used to simulate the response of BW's stream network to climate change during the period: 2035-2050. Downscaled daily climate data from the global circulation model CNRM-CM5 were used to force the hybrid modeling framework over the study area. Results showed that, under the changing climate, the magnitude of the alteration will be different across the stream network; however, almost the entire flow regime attributes will be affected. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, the average number of zero-flow days will rise up from 3 to 17.5 days per year in some streams, the timing of the maximum flow was calculated to occur earlier by 17 days than in baseline, and the timing of the minimal flow should occur later by 170 days in some streams. The used modeling approach in this study contributed in identifying the most vulnerable streams in the BW to climate change for potential prioritization in conservation plans.</p>

Contribution of wetlands to nitrate removal at the watershed scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy T. Hansen ◽  
Christine L. Dolph ◽  
Efi Foufoula-Georgiou ◽  
Jacques C. Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Watershed Scale

scholarly journals Nitrogen export from a boreal stream network following forest harvesting: seasonal nitrate removal and conservative export of organic forms

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 12061-12089 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schelker ◽  
R. Sponseller ◽  
E. Ring ◽  
L. Högbom ◽  
S. Löfgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Boreal Streams ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Large Scale Disturbance

Abstract. Boreal streams are under pressure from large scale disturbance by forestry. Recent scenarios predict an increase in forest production in Scandinavia to meet market demands and to mitigate higher anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Increased fertilization and shorter forest rotations are anticipated which will likely enhance the pressure on boreal streams in the near future. Among the major environmental impacts of forest harvesting is the increased mobilization of inorganic nitrogen (N), primarily as nitrate (NO3-) into surface waters. But whereas NO3- inputs to first-order streams have been previously described, their downstream fate and impact is not well understood. We evaluated the downstream fate of N inputs in a boreal landscape that has been altered by forest harvests over a 10 year period to estimate the effects of multiple clear-cuts on aquatic N export in a boreal stream network. Small streams showed substantial leaching of NO3- in response to harvests with concentrations increasing by ~ 15 fold. NO3- concentrations at two sampling stations further downstream in the network were strongly seasonal and increased significantly in response to harvesting at the medium size, but not at the larger stream. Nitrate removal efficiency, Er, calculated as the percentage of "forestry derived" NO3- that was retained within the landscape using a mass balance model was highest during the snow melt season followed by the growing season, but declined continuously throughout the dormant season. In contrast, export of organic N from the landscape indicated little removal and was essentially conservative. Overall, net removal of NO3- between 2008 and 2011 accounted for ~ 70 % of the total NO3- mass exported from harvested patches distributed across the landscape. These results highlight the capacity and limitation of N-limited terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to buffer inorganic N mobilization that arises from multiple clear-cuts within meso-scale boreal watersheds.

Multi-scale streambed topographic and discharge effects on hyporheic exchange at the stream network scale in confined streams

2014 ◽  
Vol 519 ◽  
pp. 1997-2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Marzadri ◽  
Daniele Tonina ◽  
James A. McKean ◽  
Matthew G. Tiedemann ◽  
Rohan M. Benjankar
Keyword(s):  
Hyporheic Exchange ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Network Scale

scholarly journals Development of an integrated modeling approach for identifying multilevel non-point-source priority management areas at the watershed scale

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 4095-4109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Yucen Zhong ◽  
Guoyuan Wei ◽  
Yanpeng Cai ◽  
Zhenyao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Integrated Modeling ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Modeling Approach

Watershed Scale Nitrate-N Abatement of Instream Wetlands: An Appraisal Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-397
Author(s):  
Dagbegnon Clement Sohoulande Djebou ◽  
Ariel A. Szogi ◽  
Ken C. Stone ◽  
Jeffery M. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
List Type ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

HighlightsSWAT used to address watershed scale nitrate-N abatement of instream wetlands (ISWs).Experimental ISW results were incorporated into the watershed modeling framework.SWAT successfully captured and reproduced ISW impact on nitrate-N at sub-basin level.Scenarios of ISWs implementation were simulated, effects on nitrate-N export were evaluated.Results show ISWs can be used as conservation structures aimed at enhancing water quality.Abstract. In watersheds under high agricultural production, nitrate nitrogen (nitrate-N) pollution often originates from intensive application of fertilizers and animal manure to croplands. Surface runoff and nitrate-N export from farmlands contributes to the pollution of nearby reaches which flow into the watershed stream network. Experimental studies reported significant nitrate removal capacities of constructed instream wetlands (ISWs). However, cases of large-scale implementations of ISWs are uncommon, probably due to a paucity of watershed-scale studies which highlight the influence of ISWs on riverine water quality. To elucidate the ISWs nitrate-N abatement potential at the watershed scale, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model nitrate-N export in a highly agricultural watershed located in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. SWAT was first calibrated and validated for streamflow and for nitrate-N export using data collected from the inlet and outlet of an experimental instream wetland. The validated SWAT model was used to simulate a decade of nitrate-N export under two scenarios: 1) watershed with ISWs implemented; and 2) watershed without ISWs. The results of the case study indicated that a watershed-wide implementation of ISWs is likely to curtail annual nitrate-N export by 49%. The study also evaluated cases where ISWs are implemented in selected percentage of sub-basins across the watershed. The outcomes show higher increments of nitrate-N curtailment when ISWs are implemented in the first top agricultural sub-basins. Hence, implementation of ISWs on selected sub-basins can mitigate nitrate-N from non-point sources and enhance water quality in the watershed’s stream network. Keywords: Runoff, Croplands, Instream wetland, Nitrate-N export, Denitrification, SWAT model, Watershed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of spatial variability on hydrology and nutrient source loads at watershed scale using a modeling approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem B. Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Improvement Programs

Understanding the effects of spatial variability on hydrologic parameters and nutrient source load distribution is essential to develop water quality improvement programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate spatially distributed hydrologic variability, nutrient sources, and their loadings at the watershed scale using a modeling approach. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to assess spatial variability of annual average water, sediment, total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) yields from the Upper Pearl River Watershed (UPRW) in Mississippi, USA. The SWAT model was successfully calibrated, validated, and verified with good model efficiency (R2 = 0.70 and E = 0.59) using monthly measured stream flow, daily observed flow, sediment, TP, and TN yields. The SWAT model results determined that spatial variability of annual average pollutant loads of water yield ranged from 877 to 206 mm, sediment yield ranged from 1.71 to 0.17 t ha−1, TP ranged from 1.39 to 0.02 kg ha−1, and TN ranged from 10.22 to 0.69 kg ha−1 in the watershed sub-basins. Understanding of the spatial variability of hydrologic and nutrient source loads distribution helps watershed managers focus their management efforts to the most needy watershed sub-basins.

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