scholarly journals Towards modeling growth rates of cyanobacteria in the Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 106853
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Stramska ◽  
Joanna Stoń-Egiert ◽  
Miroslawa Ostrowska
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Modeling Growth

scholarly journals Effect of ocean acidification and elevated temperature on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (<i>Spirorbis spirorbis</i>): An <i>in-situ</i> benthocosm approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Ni ◽  
Isabelle Taubner ◽  
Florian Böhm ◽  
Vera Winde ◽  
Michael E. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The calcareous tubeworm Spirorbis spirorbis is a wide-spread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus Fucus). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO2 increase. However, Spirorbis tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to investigate how increasing temperature and rising pCO2 may influence S. spirorbis shell growth we carried out four seasonal experiments in the 'Kiel Outdoor Benthocosms' at elevated pCO2 and temperature conditions. Compared to laboratory batch culture experiments the benthocosm approach provides a better representation of natural conditions for physical and biological ecosystem parameters, including seasonal variations. We find that growth rates of S. spirorbis are significantly controlled by ontogenetic and seasonal effects. The length of the newly grown tube is inversely related to the initial diameter of the shell. Our study showed no significant difference of the growth rates between ambient atmospheric and elevated (1100 ppm) pCO2 conditions. No influence of daily average CaCO3 saturation state on the growth rates of S. spirorbiswas observed. We found, however, net growth of the shells even in temporarily undersaturated bulk solutions, under conditions that concurrently favored selective shell surface dissolution. The results suggest an overall resistance of S. spirorbis growth to acidification levels predicted for the year 2100 in the Baltic Sea. In contrast, S. spirorbis did not survive at mean seasonal temperatures exceeding 24 °C during the summer experiments. In the autumn experiments at ambient pCO2, the growth rates of juvenile S. spirorbis were higher under elevated temperature conditions. The results reveal that S. spirorbis may prefer moderately warmer conditions during their early life stages but will suffer from an excessive temperature increase and from increasing shell corrosion as a consequence of progressing ocean acidification.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature rise and ocean acidification on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (<i>Spirorbis spirorbis</i>): an in situ benthocosm approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1425-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Ni ◽  
Isabelle Taubner ◽  
Florian Böhm ◽  
Vera Winde ◽  
Michael E. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The calcareous tubeworm Spirorbis spirorbis is a widespread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus Fucus). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO2 increase. However, Spirorbis tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to investigate how increasing temperature and rising pCO2 may influence S. spirorbis shell growth we carried out four seasonal experiments in the Kiel Outdoor Benthocosms at elevated pCO2 and temperature conditions. Compared to laboratory batch culture experiments the benthocosm approach provides a better representation of natural conditions for physical and biological ecosystem parameters, including seasonal variations. We find that growth rates of S. spirorbis are significantly controlled by ontogenetic and seasonal effects. The length of the newly grown tube is inversely related to the initial diameter of the shell. Our study showed no significant difference of the growth rates between ambient atmospheric and elevated (1100 ppm) pCO2 conditions. No influence of daily average CaCO3 saturation state on the growth rates of S. spirorbis was observed. We found, however, net growth of the shells even in temporarily undersaturated bulk solutions, under conditions that concurrently favoured selective shell surface dissolution. The results suggest an overall resistance of S. spirorbis growth to acidification levels predicted for the year 2100 in the Baltic Sea. In contrast, S. spirorbis did not survive at mean seasonal temperatures exceeding 24 °C during the summer experiments. In the autumn experiments at ambient pCO2, the growth rates of juvenile S. spirorbis were higher under elevated temperature conditions. The results reveal that S. spirorbis may prefer moderately warmer conditions during their early life stages but will suffer from an excessive temperature increase and from increasing shell corrosion as a consequence of progressing ocean acidification.

Modeling the growth rates of cyanobacteria and diatoms in the Baltic Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Stramska ◽  
Joanna Stoń-Egiert ◽  
Miroslawa Ostrowska ◽  
Jaromir Jakacki
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Phytoplankton Absorption ◽  
The Baltic

&lt;p&gt;Potential influences of various environmental factors on phytoplankton growth rates in the Baltic Sea are discussed. Our focus is on quantitative comparisons of growth rates of two phytoplankton functional types, diatoms and cyanobacteria. Growth rates are calculated as a function of quanta absorbed by phytoplankton. This in turn depends on phytoplankton exposition to light, which was simulated to represent realistic conditions encountered in the Baltic Sea in summer. In addition, phytoplankton absorption capability was characterized by absorption coefficients derived from measurements on phytoplankton mono-cultures isolated from the Baltic Sea. Estimated exposition of phytoplankton to photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) in surface waters can change about five times in case of the same solar surface insolation and water turbidity, solely due to changes in the mixed layer depth from 2 to 20 meters. When additionally changes in water turbidity are considered, phytoplankton PAR exposition can change by one order of magnitude. Light exposition and absorption properties of phytoplankton determine the effectiveness of light absorption. In our simulations for the same species of phytoplankton, changes in light exposition resulted in differences of an order of magnitude of absorbed quanta. The importance of accounting for absorptive properties is underlined through comparisons of the number of quanta absorbed by different phytoplankton types in the same environmental conditions. The effectiveness of light absorption translates to different growth rates achieved by each phytoplankton type. Our results support the notion that knowledge about phytoplankton absorption properties and light exposition is crucial when modeling phytoplankton in the Baltic Sea. Further progress is currently hindered by a lack of systematic information about maximum phytoplankton growth rates and their responses to specific environmental conditions for different functional types. Such information should be inferred in the future in specially designed laboratory experiments, that encompass realistic ranges of phytoplankton exposition to light, nutrients, temperatures and other conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;This work has been funded by the National Science Centre (contract number: 2017/25/B/ST10/00159 entitled: &amp;#8220;Numerical simulations of biological-physical interactions and phytoplankton cycles in the Baltic Sea&amp;#8221;) and by the statutory funds of IOPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

Temporal and spatial sedimentation rate variabilities in the eastern Gotland Basin, the Baltic Sea

Boreas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Christiansen ◽  
Helmar Kunzendorf ◽  
Kay-Christian Emeis ◽  
Rudolf Endler ◽  
Ulrich Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Gotland Basin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Baltic

Russian Oil: Production and Exports

2003 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K. Liuhto
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The Baltic

Statistical data on reserves, production and exports of Russian oil are provided in the article. The author pays special attention to the expansion of opportunities of sea oil transportation by construction of new oil terminals in the North-West of the country and first of all the largest terminal in Murmansk. In his opinion, one of the main problems in this sphere is prevention of ecological accidents in the process of oil transportation through the Baltic sea ports.

Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Angelina E. Shatalova ◽  
Uriy A. Kublitsky ◽  
Dmitry A. Subetto ◽  
Anna V. Ludikova ◽  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Baltic

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽  
Małgorzata Witak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

Associations of Sphagnum rubellum Wils. on the bogs of the south-east part of Baltic region

2003 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin ◽  
M. G. Napreenko
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Typical Habitat ◽  
New Syntaxa

The paper characterizes the 3 associations comprising plant communities with Sphagnum rubellum in the south-eastern part of the Baltic region. The new syntaxa differ from each other both in their floristic characters and the pronounced affinity to definite regional mire types and particular habitats. The ass. Drosero-Sphagnetum rubelli is typical of the relatively most thorough ranges. It is observed from the Kaliningrad region to the Karelian Isthmus and, according to the published reference, occurs even throughout the whole area around the Baltic Sea. Its most typical habitat is that of margins of mire lakes and pools. The ass. Eriophoro-Sphagnetum rubelli occurs in central plateaus of convex plateau-like bogs, typical of the areas adjacent to the Baltic Sea coast. It occupies extended flat mire ecotopes with the water level 0.2–0.25 m deep. The ass. Empetro-Sphagnetum rubelli is characteristic of the retrogressive complex in the convex bogs of the East-Baltic Province. It is mostly observed along the coast of the Gulf of Finland. Its stands are rather dynamic and unstable in both space and time. The presence of communities comprised by these 3 associations is an important vegetation character of the series of regional mire types. Assuming an association level of the respective syntaxa seems rational for the purposes of adequate reflection of plant cover diversity.

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