Three-dimensional T1-weighted sequence for fetal intracranial hemorrhage: a step forward in the reconstruction and quantification of brain lesions

2021 ◽  
pp. 109910
Author(s):  
Pedro Teixeira Castro ◽  
Ana Paula Pinho Matos ◽  
Heron Werner ◽  
Gerson Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Weighted Sequence

Acquired Neuropathologic Lesions Associated With the Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy A. Glauser ◽  
Lucy B. Rorke ◽  
Paul M. Weinberg ◽  
Robert R. Clancy
Keyword(s):  
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Left Heart ◽  
Hypoplastic Left Heart ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cerebral Necrosis ◽  
Left Heart Syndrome ◽  
Total Circulatory Arrest

This study details the type, frequency, clinical presentation, and etiologic associations of acquired brain lesions in 40 infants with the hypoplastic left heart syndrome encountered during a 52-month interval. Detailed postmortem neuropathologic examinations showed that 55% of the infants were free of acquired brain lesions. However, the other 45% had combinations of hypoxic-ischemic lesions and intracranial hemorrhage. Central nervous system perfusion and glucose-oxygen delivery appeared to be important factors in the occurrence of hypoxic-ischemic lesions or intracranial hemorrhage, whereas acidosis and hypercarbia were not. Cerebral necrosis may be a predisposing factor for a major intracranial hemorrhage. A duration of cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic total circulatory arrest longer than 40 minutes was associated with a higher incidence of acquired neuropathology. These results indicate that the majority of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndorme are free of acquired neuropathology and suggest practical ways to reduce the risks in the others.

Etiology and Pathogenesis of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Newborns

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-385
Author(s):  
KAREN E. PAPE
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
The Status

The article by Miall-Allen et al is an important contribution to the status of BP control and intracranial hemorrhage in the newborn. Until 10 years ago, there were limited methods of assessment. Hemorrhagic brain lesions were diagnosed mainly by clinical criteria and postmortem examination. In the late 1970s, CT scans provided much more in vivo information. However, CT scanning is inherently difficult in the newborn. Early machines produced a significant amount of radiation and the infants had to be transported to a radiology unit. These difficulties meant that a limited number of scans were done and children were rarely sequentially exposed.

Three-dimensional computer reconstructions of brain lesions from surface contours provided by computed tomography

Neurosurgery ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (1 Pt 1) ◽  
pp. 73???84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Batnitzky ◽  
H I Price ◽  
K R Lee ◽  
P N Cook ◽  
L T Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Lesions

An “Ecological” Constructional Test

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Trojano ◽  
Renato Angelini ◽  
Paolo Gallo ◽  
Dario Grossi
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Significant Detrimental Effect

We describe a simple, three-dimensional constructional test (the Box test), which reflects common daily-living activities, to be used for the assessment of constructional disability in elderly brain-lesioned patients. Subjects are required to put as many of 12 objects of varied shape and volume as they can into a box. To carry out the task successfully subjects have to arrange the items according to an efficient constructional strategy. We administered this test to 68 normal subjects and to 50 brain-damaged patients. Analysis indicated the Box test is easy and simple to administer and can be used without difficulty by elderly patients having focal brain damage. Performance correlated well with general intelligence and other bidimensional, conventional constructional tasks. Right or left brain lesions have a similar, significant detrimental effect on performance but probably through different mechanisms.

scholarly journals Evolving Concept Of Non Ischaemic Brain Lesions Through Diffusion Weighted MRI Imaging

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Elkory ◽  
H M Mansour ◽  
A F Abdelghany ◽  
E H Abdeldayem
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Images ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Ischaemic Brain ◽  
Adc Values

Abstract Purpose to assess the role of Diffusion weighted images in evaluation and characterization of non ischemic brain lesions, which is essential in determining appropriate patient management . Methods and Material The included 100 patients with different brain lesions other than infarctions (37 males & 63 females) were further classified into 6 groups. These are intracranial infarctions, intracranial hemorrhage, intracranial masses (which is further subdivided into extra-axial and intra-axial masses), traumatic brain lesions, demyelinating diseases and others (encephalopathies and leukodystrophies). Their ages ranged from 8 days to 77 years with a mean age of 37.6 years. Results The ADC value of lesions of each group was then compared with that of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in the same patients.In intracranial infections the ADC values of those lesions that showed true restriction (n = 6/7) ranged from 0.32 x 10-3 mm2/sec to 0.93 x 10-3 mm2/sec (with a mean of 0.63±0.2 x 10-3 mm2/sec) while that of NAWM in the same patients ranged from 0.76 x 10-3 mm2/sec to 0.94 x 10-3 mm2/sec (with a mean of 0.86±0.8 x 10-3 mm2/sec). In intracranial hemorrhage, 6 lesions showed true restriction with ADC values ranging from 0.25 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 1.0 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.71±0.33 x 10-3 mm2 / sec) while the ADC value of the NAWM in the same patients ranged from 0.64 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 0.7 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.68±0.04 x 10-3 mm2 / sec). In extra-axial masses, true restriction was identified in 16 patients with ADC values ranging from 0.43 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 1.1 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.75±0.2 x 10-3 mm2 / sec). The ADC values of NAWM in the same patients ranged from 0.64 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 0.76 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.68±0.04 x 10-3 mm2 / sec). In intra-axial masses, true restriction was identified in 32 patients with ADC values ranging from 0.34 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 1.1 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.82±0.2 x 10-3 mm2 / sec). The ADC values of NAWM in the same patients ranged from 0.6 x 10-3 mm2 / sec to 0.85 x 10-3 mm2 / sec (with a mean of 0.69±0.06 x 10-3 mm2 / sec). Conclusion Diffusion MRI (or DWI) imaging has assumed an essential role in the detection of acute brain infarction and in the differentiation of acute infarction from other disease processes. DW MR imaging is also assuming an increasingly important role in the evaluation of many other intracranial disease processes. It shows promising value in the evaluation of intra-cranial infections, tumors, demyelinating diseases, traumatic brain lesiones as well as encephalopathies and leukodystrophies. Further evaluation of the ADC value could be of help especially in the evaluation of the grades of neoplastic processes, evaluation of the prognosis of traumatic brain lesions and in the assessment of the plaques of multiple sclerosis. We concluded that DWI is an essential sequence in the evaluation of different brain lesions and recommend its addition to the routine MRI examination of the brain.

scholarly journals Radius-optimized efficient template matching for lesion detection from brain images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhranil Koley ◽  
Pranab K. Dutta ◽  
Iman Aganj
Keyword(s):  
Template Matching ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome

AbstractComputer-aided detection of brain lesions from volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is in demand for fast and automatic diagnosis of neural diseases. The template-matching technique can provide satisfactory outcome for automatic localization of brain lesions; however, finding the optimal template size that maximizes similarity of the template and the lesion remains challenging. This increases the complexity of the algorithm and the requirement for computational resources, while processing large MRI volumes with three-dimensional (3D) templates. Hence, reducing the computational complexity of template matching is needed. In this paper, we first propose a mathematical framework for computing the normalized cross-correlation coefficient (NCCC) as the similarity measure between the MRI volume and approximated 3D Gaussian template with linear time complexity, $${\mathbf{\mathcal{O}}}\left( {{\varvec{a}}_{{{\varvec{max}}}} {\varvec{N}}} \right)$$ O a max N , as opposed to the conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) based approach with the complexity $${\mathbf{\mathcal{O}}}\left( {{\varvec{a}}_{{{\varvec{max}}}} {\varvec{N}}\log {\varvec{N}}} \right)$$ O a max N log N , where $${\varvec{N}}$$ N is the number of voxels in the image and $${\varvec{a}}_{{{\varvec{max}}}}$$ a max is the number of tried template radii. We then propose a mathematical formulation to analytically estimate the optimal template radius for each voxel in the image and compute the NCCC with the location-dependent optimal radius, reducing the complexity to $${\mathbf{\mathcal{O}}}\left( {\varvec{N}} \right)$$ O N . We test our methods on one synthetic and two real multiple-sclerosis databases, and compare their performances in lesion detection with FFT and a state-of-the-art lesion prediction algorithm. We demonstrate through our experiments the efficiency of the proposed methods for brain lesion detection and their comparable performance with existing techniques.

Improved detection of erosions in the sacroiliac joints on MRI with volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE): results from the SIMACT study

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1585-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Diekhoff ◽  
Juliane Greese ◽  
Joachim Sieper ◽  
Denis Poddubnyy ◽  
Bernd Hamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sacroiliac Joints ◽  
Weighted Sequence ◽  
Sum Score ◽  
Mri Sequences ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

ObjectiveTo compare the performance of a new three-dimensional MRI sequence (volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination; MR-VIBE) with a conventional T1-weighted sequence (MR-T1) for the detection of erosions in the sacroiliac joints (SIJs) using low-dose CT (ldCT) as reference.MethodsldCT and T1-MRI and MR-VIBE of 110 prospectively included patients with low back pain and suspected axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) were scored for erosions by two readers. The presence of erosions on the patients’ level, the erosion sum score, sensitivity and specificity of both MRI sequences using ldCT as a reference as well as agreement between the readers were assessed.ResultsMR-VIBE had a higher sensitivity than MR-T1 (95% vs 79%, respectively) without a decrease in specificity (93% each). MR-VIBE compared with MR-T1 identified 16% more patients with erosions (36 vs 30 of 38 patients with positive ldCT findings). The erosion sum score was also higher for MR-VIBE (8.1±9.3) than MR-T1 (6.7±8.4), p=0.003. The agreement on erosion detection was also higher for MR-VIBE (κ=0.71) compared with MRI-T1 (κ=0.56).ConclusionVIBE detected erosions in the SIJs with higher sensitivity without a loss of specificity and superior reliability compared with a standard T1-weighted sequence. Its value for the diagnosis of axSpA has still to be determined.

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