Assessment of urban heat islands and impact of climate change on socioeconomic over Suez Governorate using remote sensing and GIS techniques

Рассмотрены вопросы мониторинга теплового загрязнения окружающей среды в городах. Представлена методика отбора спектрозональных спутниковых снимков, их обработки и интерпретации полученных результатов. Для оценки городского острова тепла были использованы снимки с космического аппарата Landsat 8 TIRS. На их основе построены карты пространственной структуры острова тепла города Воронежа за летний и зимний периоды. Определены тепловые аномалии и выявлено 11 основных техногенных источников теплового загрязнения в г. Воронеже, установлена их принадлежность к промышленным зонам предприятий, а также к очистным гидротехническим сооружениям. Поверхностные температуры данных источников в среднем были выше фоновых температур приблизительно на 6° зимой и на 15,5° С летом. Синхронно со спутниковой съемкой были проведены наземные контрольные тепловизионные измерения температур основных подстилающих поверхностей в г. Воронеже. Полученные данные показали высокую сходимость космических и наземных измерений, на основании чего сделан вывод о надежности используемых данных дистанционного зондирования Земли в мониторинговых наблюдениях теплового загрязнения городской среды. Результаты работ могут найти применение в городском планировании и медицинской экологии. The study deals with the remote sensing and monitoring of urban heat islands. We present a methodology of multispectral satellite imagery selection and processing. The study bases on the freely available Landsat 8 TIRS data. We used multitemporal thermal band combinations to make maps of the urban heat island of Voronezh (Russia) during summer and winter periods. That let us identify 11 artificial sources of heat in Voronezh. All of them turned out to be allocated within industrial zones of plants and water treatment facilities. Land surface temperatures (LST) of these sources were approximately 6° and 15.5° C above the background temperatures in winter and summer, respectively. To prove the remotely sensed temperatures we conducted ground control measurements of LST of different surface types at the satellite revisit moments. Our results showed a significant correlation between the satellite and ground-based measurements, so the maps we produced in this study should be robust. They are of use in urban planning and medical ecology studies.

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Spectral Unmixing for Thermal Infrared Multi-Spectral Airborne Imagery over Urban Environments: Day and Night Synergy

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12111871 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 1871

Author(s):

Carlos Granero-Belinchon ◽

Aurelie Michel ◽

Veronique Achard ◽

Xavier Briottet

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Spectral Unmixing ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

European Security ◽

Dual Use ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Spectral Bands ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Study Case

TRUST (Thermal Remote sensing Unmixing for Subpixel Temperature) is a spectral unmixing method developed to provide subpixel abundances and temperatures from radiance images in the thermal domain. By now, this method has been studied in simple study cases, with a low number of endmembers, high spatial resolutions (1 m) and more than 30 spectral bands in the thermal domain. Thus, this article aims to show the applicability of TRUST on a highly challenging study case: the analysis of a heterogeneous urban environment with airborne multispectral (eight thermal bands) images at 8-m resolution. Thus, this study is necessary to generalize the use of TRUST in the analysis of urban thermography. Since TRUST allows linking intrapixel temperatures to specific materials, it appears as a very useful tool to characterize Surface Urban Heat Islands and its dynamics at high spatial resolutions. Moreover, this article presents an improved version of TRUST, called TRUST-DNS (Day and Night Synergy), which takes advantage of daytime and nighttime acquisitions to improve the unmixing performances. In this study, both TRUST and TRUST-DNS were applied on daytime and nighttime airborne thermal images acquired over the center of Madrid during the DESIREX (Dual-use European Security IR Experiment) campaign in 2008. The processed images were obtained with the Aircraft Hyperspectral Scanner (AHS) sensor at 4-m spatial resolution on 4 July. TRUST-DNS appears to be more stable and slightly outperforms TRUST on both day and night images. In addition, TRUST applied on daytime outperforms TRUST on nighttime, illustrating the importance of the temperature contrasts during day for thermal unmixing.

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Risks of summertime extreme thermal conditions in buildings as a result of climate change and exacerbation of urban heat islands

Building and Environment ◽

10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.04.012 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 78 ◽

pp. 81-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

David J. Sailor

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Urban Heat

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Remote-sensing evaluation of the relationship between urban heat islands and urban biophysical descriptors in Jinan, China

Journal of Applied Remote Sensing ◽

10.1117/1.jrs.8.083693 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 083693 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fei Meng ◽

Baoyan Shan ◽

Min Liu

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Urban Heat ◽

The Relationship

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Pet Welfare in Municipal Adaptation Plans: Case of Poland

Studia Iuridica Lublinensia ◽

10.17951/sil.2021.30.3.95-107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 95-107

Author(s):

Anna Haładyj ◽

Katarzyna Kułak-Krzysiak

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Main Hypothesis ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Starting Point ◽

Legal Nature ◽

Urban Heat

The aim of the article was to explore pet welfare in Municipal Adaptation Plans (MAPs), based on a literature review and case studies of 40 MAPs accepted in Poland as part of the “Let’s Feel the Climate” project, supported by the Polish Ministry of Environment in 2017–2019. The study summarizes the concept of climate change and the importance of adaptation measures with particular emphasis on urban heat islands and heat stress, acknowledged by climate change literature, and outlines pet welfare in the context of thermal comfort and threats caused by heat stress. Because the authors subsequently presented an empirical study of the 40 accepted MAPs, they also discussed the role and legal nature of MAPs. The main hypothesis of this survey of Polish MAPs was that pet welfare in the context of their thermal comfort is an example of the adaptive measures clearly stipulated in Polish MAPs, which was examined after presenting the MAPs’ findings. The starting point was the assumption that the welfare of pets should also be assessed from the perspective of their thermal comfort – a new element of broadly understood animal welfare. This is due to the fact that pets are exposed to the risk of heat stress resulting from urban heat islands and, just like people, have to endure the inconvenience of extreme weather phenomena, which is impossible without the support of amenities such as drinkers or water shelters and the development of green and blue infrastructure.

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