Investigation energy, exergy and electricity production performance of an integrated system based on a low-temperature geothermal resource and solar energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 798-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayhan Atiz ◽  
Hatice Karakilcik ◽  
Mustafa Erden ◽  
Mehmet Karakilcik
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Geothermal Resource

scholarly journals Solar energy-assisted frost prevention in horticulture applications: integrated framework and parametric CFD modeling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Atam ◽  
Se-Woon Hong
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Thermal Dynamics ◽  
Optimization And Control ◽  
And Control

Prevention of frost in horticulture is important, but challenging, and its realization,especially using green-energy sources, will have a huge societal impact.In this paper, first we suggest an integrated solarphotovoltaics (PV)-assisted framework where solar energy will be used as a secondary application for frostprevention (the primary application is electricity production for grid). Optimal design and operation ofthe suggested integrated system require detailed thermal modeling of air dynamics in the orchard,integrated system optimization and control tasks. Second, in this paperwe address the first task above: development of a novel, sophisticated parametric computational fluid dynamics (CFD)model for orchard air thermal dynamics for different orchard parameters (such as fruit type, climate, the number of trees,their sizes, distance between them, etc.) and boundary/initial conditions.Finally, the use of developed parametric CFD model is demonstrated through a case study to calculate the minimal thermalenergy required to prevent frost under different frost levels in a test apricot orchard located in Malatya, Turkey, which isthe world capital for dry apricot production.

scholarly journals 10 kW Grid-Connected PV System Cost and Environmental Analysis for Government Offices: Darbandikhan Technical Institute as a Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Kameran Ali ◽  
Dana Hameed ◽  
Salar Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Pv System ◽  
The Government

The Iraqi Kurdistan region has significant potential for implementing solar energy with an average annual rate of 5.245 kWh/m2. However, most of its energy supply currently comes from nonrenewable energy sources. With the continually increasing demand for energy, an alternative energy-generation technique is required. Among the various renewable energy resources, generating electricity directly from sunlight is the best option because it can be applied by the average household and is environmentally friendly. In this study, a cost and environmental analysis for a 10 kW grid-connected photovoltaic system is presented for a government building with the aim of reducing the load demand on the grid during weekdays and also to inject the generated power into the power grid during weekends. A simulation of the proposed PV system was generated by using Photovoltaic Geographic Information System software to estimate the system’s production performance. The software showed that the highest energy production was 1,660 kWh, which occurred in August; the total electricity production was 16,184 kWh over a 1-year period. The study also showed that the geographical location of Darbandikhan City is quite sufficient for generating electric power from solar energy. It further showed that it can reduce CO2 emissions by 356.60 tons during its lifetime when compared with a gasoline generator and by 131.38 tons when compared with that of a natural gas generator. The proposed system could serve as a good revenue source for the government by exporting the generated electricity to the grid while at the same time serving as motivation for households in the region; furthermore, this system can also be applied to other governmental offices in Kurdistan to generate some or all of its energy needs.

High power microbial fuel cell operating at low temperature using cow dung waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurettin Çek ◽  
Ahmet Erensoy ◽  
Namık Ak ◽  
Hasan Uslu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Anode Chamber ◽  
Cow Manure

Abstract Moving towards green technology, alternatives to current detrimental, unsustainable, and expensive energy applications for eco-friendly energy are attracting great attention. Resource recycling and the convenient treatment of animal waste to diminish its nature impact are recently momentous subjects. Microbial fuel cells used cow waste have remarkable potential in electrical energy generation for clean, renewable and sustainable operation. In this study, double-chambered MFC was manufactured using cow manure as raw material at the anode chamber, graphite as the anode and cathode electrodes, fountain water in the cathode chamber, and proton exchange membrane. Because bacteria a catalytic reaction for the latent chemical energy of the cow manure was effectuated as a result of this, MFCs produced electricity. Electricity production performance of this MFC at low temperature (0–10 °C) conditions was examined. This MFC produced a maximum of 204.9 ± 0.1 mV open circuit voltage and 57.387 mW/m2 power density under low temperature conditions. In particular, the sustainability and applicability of MFCs have been increased thanks to this operation done at low temperatures (0–10 °C).

scholarly journals Reactor Core Conceptual Design for a Scalable Heating Experimental Reactor, LUTHER

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Thinh Truong ◽  
Heikki Suikkanen ◽  
Juhani Hyvärinen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Experimental Reactor ◽  
Fuel Assemblies ◽  
Enriched Uranium

In this paper, the conceptual design and a preliminary study of the LUT Heating Experimental Reactor (LUTHER) for 2 MWth power are presented. Additionally, commercially sized designs for 24 MWth and 120 MWth powers are briefly discussed. LUTHER is a scalable light-water pressure-channel reactor designed to operate at low temperature, low pressure, and low core power density. The LUTHER core utilizes low enriched uranium (LEU) to produce low-temperature output, targeting the district heating demand in Finland. Nuclear power needs to contribute to the decarbonizing of the heating and cooling sector, which is a much more significant greenhouse gas emitter than electricity production in the Nordic countries. The main principle in the development of LUTHER is to simplify the core design and safety systems, which, along with using commercially available reactor components, would lead to lower fabrication costs and enhanced safety. LUTHER also features a unique design with movable individual fuel assembly for reactivity control and burnup compensation. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) fuel assemblies and reactor cores are modeled with the Serpent Monte Carlo reactor physics code. Different reactor design parameters and safety configurations are explored and assessed. The preliminary results show an optimal basic core design, a good neutronic performance, and the feasibility of controlling reactivity by moving fuel assemblies.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Assessment of Thermally Integrated Co-Electrolysis and Methanation for Industrial Closed Carbon Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Böhm ◽  
Markus Lehner ◽  
Thomas Kienberger
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Carbon Cycles ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
Power To Gas

Energy-intensive industries still produce high amounts of non-renewable CO2 emissions. These emissions cannot easily be fully omitted in the short- and mid-term by electrification or switching to renewable energy carriers, as they either are of inevitable origin (e.g., mineral carbon in cement production) or require a long-term transition of well-established process chains (e.g., metal ore reduction). Therefore, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been widely discussed as an option to reduce net CO2 emissions. In this context, the production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) through power-to-methane (PtM) process is expected to possess considerable value in future energy systems. Considering current low-temperature electrolysis technologies that exhibit electric efficiencies of 60–70%el, LHV and methanation with a caloric efficiency of 82.5%LHV, the conventional PtM route is inefficient. However, overall efficiencies of >80%el, LHV could be achieved using co-electrolysis of steam and CO2 in combination with thermal integration of waste heat from methanation. The present study investigates the techno-economic performance of such a thermally integrated system in the context of different application scenarios that allow for the establishment of a closed carbon cycle. Considering potential technological learning and scaling effects, the assessments reveal that compared to that of decoupled low-temperature systems, SNG generation cost of <10 c€/kWh could be achieved. Additional benefits arise from the direct utilization of by-products oxygen in the investigated processes. With the ability to integrate renewable electricity sources such as wind or solar power in addition to grid supply, the system can also provide grid balancing services while minimizing operational costs. Therefore, the implementation of highly-efficient power-to-gas systems for CCU applications is identified as a valuable option to reduce net carbon emissions for hard-to-abate sectors. However, for mid-term economic viability over fossils intensifying of regulatory measures (e.g., CO2 prices) and the intense use of synergies is considered mandatory.

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