Prediction of seasonal variation of in-situ hydrologic behavior using an analytical transient infiltration model

The peak time of rainfall occurrence over an area has certain characteristics in which the difference in time and intensity of rainfall varies depending on its location and distance from the sea. This variation can be determined based on the phase and amplitude obtained using harmonic analysis. In this study, combined data from in-situ observation, satellite remote sensing and reanalysis were used to analyze spatial and temporal variations of peak rainfall events over peatland area of the South Sumatra Province. The results show that most of the South Sumatra Province has a diurnal peak of rainfall during afternoon ranging from 16.00 to 19.00 Western Indonesian Time. In addition, the results also indicate that the analysis on the in situ data revealed seasonal variation both in amplitude and time of maximum diurnal rainfall, while the reanalysis data only indicated a weak seasonal variation on the amplitude of the diurnal rainfall. Furthermore, spatial analysis shows that the time of maximum diurnal rainfall has spatial variation. Over the ocean, the time of maximum diurnal rainfall occurs during night time/early morning. Over the lowland or coastal area, the time of maximum diurnal rainfall occurs during afternoon, while over the high altitude (mountain) it occurs during late night.

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Gastric mucus production in Rana pipiens

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1962.203.3.553 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 203 (3) ◽

pp. 553-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sherwin Mizell

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Rana Pipiens ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Gastric Mucus ◽

Total Acid ◽

Mucus Production ◽

Human Gastric Juice ◽

Histamine Stimulation

The production of gastric mucus in vitro by Rana pipiens was studied using histamine stimulation. The frogs were kept at a constant temperature (21 C) both prior to and during experimentation. Quantitative determinations of mucoproteose, mucoprotein, and mucoid of the visible mucus were performed over a 13-month period, utilizing 340 animals in terminal experiments. Mucoproteose constituted one-half of frog gastric mucus, the rest being divided almost equally between mucoprotein and mucoid. No significant differences in this ratio or in the total amount of gastric mucus could be attributed to the change of seasons or to the addition of glucose or inosine triphosphate as substrates. A statistically significant negative correlation exists between both total mucus and mucoproteose and total acid produced. The mucoproteose fraction of gastric mucus may contain the inhibitor found by other investigators in human gastric juice. However, until further information is available on its physiological significance in situ, gastric mucus cannot be considered responsible for the seasonal variation of gastric HCI secretion in Rana pipiens.

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Role of Meteorological Parameters in the Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of NO2 in a Romanian Urban Environment

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6228 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mirela Voiculescu ◽

Daniel-Eduard Constantin ◽

Simona Condurache-Bota ◽

Valentina Călmuc ◽

Adrian Roșu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Urban Environment ◽

Meteorological Parameters ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽

Vertical Column ◽

Summer Minimum

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether meteorological parameters (temperature, relative humidity, direct radiation) play an important role in modifying the NO2 concentration in an urban environment. The diurnal and seasonal variation recorded at a NO2 traffic station was analyzed, based on data collected in situ in a Romanian city, Braila (45.26° N, 27.95° E), during 2009–2014. The NO2 atmospheric content close to the ground had, in general, a summer minimum and a late autumn/winter maximum for most years. Two diurnal peaks were observed, regardless of the season, which were more evident during cold months. Traffic is an important contributor to the NO2 atmospheric pollution during daytime hours. The variability of in situ measurements of NO2 concentration compared relatively well with space-based observations of the NO2 vertical column by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite for most of the period under scrutiny. Data for daytime and nighttime (when the traffic is reduced) were analyzed separately, in the attempt to isolate meteorological effects. Meteorological parameters are not fully independent and we used partial correlation analysis to check whether the relationships with one parameter may be induced by another. The correlation between NO2 and temperature was not coherent. Relative humidity and solar radiation seemed to play a role in shaping the NO2 concentration, regardless of the time of day, and these relationships were only partially interconnected.

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Surface soil temperature seasonal variation estimation in a forested area using combined satellite observations and in-situ measurements

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation ◽

10.1016/j.jag.2020.102156 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 102156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chenyang Xu ◽

John J. Qu ◽

Xianjun Hao ◽

Zhiliang Zhu ◽

Laurel Gutenberg

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Surface Soil ◽

In Situ Measurements ◽

Satellite Observations ◽

Forested Area ◽

Surface Soil Temperature

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Satellite views of global phytoplankton community distributions using an empirical algorithm and a numerical model

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-10-1083-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1083-1109 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. S. Rousseaux ◽

T. Hirata ◽

W. W. Gregg

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Data Base ◽

Observation Data ◽

Independent Observation ◽

In Situ Data ◽

The North ◽

Model Versus ◽

Mean Differences ◽

The North Pacific

Abstract. We compared the functional response of a biogeochemical data assimilation model versus an empirical satellite-derived algorithm in describing the variation of four phytoplankton (diatoms, cyanobacteria, coccolithophores and chlorophytes) groups globally and in 12 major oceanographic basins. Global mean differences of all groups were within ~ 15% of an independent observation data base for both approaches except for satellite-derived chlorophytes. Diatoms and cyanobacteria concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with the independent observation data base for both methods. Coccolithophore concentrations were only correlated with the in situ data for the model approach and the chlorophyte concentration was only significantly correlated to the in situ data for the satellite-derived approach. Using monthly means from 1998–2007, the seasonal variation from the satellite-derived approach and model were significantly correlated in 11 regions for diatoms and in 9 for coccolithophores but only in 3 and 2 regions for cyanobacteria and chlorophytes. Most disagreement on the seasonal variation of phytoplankton composition occurred in the North Pacific and Antarctic where, except for diatoms, no significant correlation could be found between the monthly mean concentrations derived from both approaches. In these two regions there was also an overestimate of diatom concentration by the model of ~ 60% whereas the satellite-derived approach was closer to in situ data (8–26% underestimate). Chlorophytes were the group for which both approaches differed most and that was furthest from the in situ data. These results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of both approaches and allow us to make some suggestions to improve our approaches to understanding phytoplankton dynamics and distribution.

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