Associations of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with pubertal timing and body composition in adolescent girls: Implications for breast cancer risk

Data concerning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Jeddah’s schools, Saudi Arabia, and their implications for health risks to children, is scarce. Classroom air conditioner filter dusts were collected from primary schools in urban, suburban and residential areas of Jeddah. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of classroom-dust-bound PAHs and the health risks to children of PAH exposure. Average PAH concentrations were higher in urban schools than suburban and residential schools. Benzo (b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(ghi)perylene (BGP), chrysene (CRY) and Dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) at urban and suburban schools and BbF, BGP, fluoranthene (FLT) and indeno (1, 2, 3, −cd)pyrene (IND) at residential schools were the dominant compounds in classroom dust. PAHs with five aromatic rings were the most abundant at all schools. The relative contribution of the individual PAH compounds to total PAH concentrations in the classroom dusts of schools indicate that the study areas do share a common source, vehicle emissions. Based on diagnostic ratios of PAHs, they are emitted from local pyrogenic sources, and traffic is the significant PAH source, with more significant contributions from gasoline-fueled than from diesel cars. Based on benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPequi) calculations, total carcinogenic activity (TCA) for total PAHs represent 21.59% (urban schools), 20.99% (suburban schools), and 18.88% (residential schools) of total PAH concentrations. DBA and BaP were the most dominant compounds contributing to the TCA, suggesting the importance of BaP and DBA as surrogate compounds for PAHs in this schools. Based on incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCingestion, ILCRinhalation, ILCRdermal) and total lifetime cancer risk (TLCR)) calculations, the order of cancer risk was: urban schools > suburban schools > residential schools. Both ingestion and dermal contact are major contributors to cancer risk. Among PAHs, DBA, BaP, BbF, benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), and IND have the highest ILCR values at all schools. LCR and TLCR values at all schools were lower than 10−6, indicating virtual safety. DBA, BaP and BbF were the predominant contributors to cancer effects in all schools.

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Blood levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Women with Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions: A case-control study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v1i2.2924 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 80-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vipul K Singh ◽

M Anand ◽

D Rawtani ◽

Uday P Singh ◽

DK Patel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Breast Lesions ◽

Total Pahs ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Malignant Breast ◽

Control Study

Objective: As part of our program to investigate the possible role of environmental pollutants in the incidence of breast cancer in India, we conducted for the first time a hospital based case-control study where blood polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels were determined in women suffering from benign and malignant breast lesions, and compared with those of disease free controls drawn from similar socioeconomic environment residing in and around New Delhi, India. Material & Methods: Anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, naphthalene, pyrene, benzo (a) pyrene, benzo (k) fluoranthene and dibenzo (a,h) anthracene were determined by HPLC-FD. Results: Level of total PAHs in control, benign and malignant groups (30 numbers in each) were 142.05 ± 50.84, 185.99 ± 61.97 and 200.74 ± 55.05 μg / L respectively. Mean levels of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo (k) fluoranthene were higher in both malignant and benign groups than in control but the difference was not statistically significant. Of the total PAHs, 3–ringed compounds were found much higher (89%) in controls than in benign (52%) and malignant groups (54%). However, the percentage sum of 2, 4 and 5-ringed PAHs were much higher in malignant (46%) and benign (48%) groups when compared with those of controls (11%). Conclusion: Results of the present study indicate that higher levels of PAHs (especially non-carcinogenic), though statistically non-significant, were present in cases with benign and malignant breast lesions than in those of controls. Key Words: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Breast cancer; Benign lesions; HPLC-FD DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.2924Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 80-86

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Seasonal occurrence and cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in street dust from the Novi Sad city, Serbia

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.442 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 647 ◽

pp. 191-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Biljana Škrbić ◽

Nataša Đurišić-Mladenović ◽

Jelena Živančev ◽

Đorđe Tadić

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Street Dust ◽

Seasonal Occurrence ◽

Cancer Risk Assessment ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Novi Sad

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Perceptions of Breast Cancer Risk, Psychological Adjustment and Behaviors in Adolescent Girls at High-risk and Population-risk for Breast Cancer

Journal of Adolescent Health ◽

10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.10.186 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. S87

Author(s):

Angela R. Bradbury ◽

Linda Patrick-Miller ◽

Brian Egleston ◽

Lisa Schwartz ◽

Lisa Tuchman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

And Behaviors

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Application of biochar to soils may result in plant contamination and human cancer risk due to exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 121 ◽

pp. 169-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Jian Wang ◽

Kang Xia ◽

Michael Gatheru Waigi ◽

Yanzheng Gao ◽

Emmanuel Stephen Odinga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Plant Contamination

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Cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil and sediments of Iran: a systematic review study

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2021-0080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary ◽

Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh ◽

Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari ◽

Mohsen Hesami Arani

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Dermal Exposure ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Cancer Risk Assessment ◽

Accidental Exposure ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic pollutants containing several hydrocarbon rings affecting human health according to the published monitoring data. Most of these compounds can be absorbed by the soil and sediments due to the abundance of production resources of these compounds in the soil around the cities and sediments of the Iranian coast. Cancer risk assessment (CRA) is one of the most effective methods for quantifying the potentially harmful effects of PAHs on human health. In this study, the published papers that monitored PAHs in Iran’s soil and sediments were reviewed. The extraction of different data and their equivalent factors were performed according to BaP equivalent, which is the main factor for calculating CRA of PAHs. The highest concentrations of PAHs were found in the sediments of Assaluyeh industrial zones (14,844 μg/kg), Khormousi region (1874.7 μg/kg), and Shadegan wetland (1749.5 μg/kg), respectively. Dermal exposure to sediments was 96% in adults, and 4% in children, and ingestion exposure to sediment was 99% in adults and 99.2% in children. Children dermal exposure to soil was 53%, and the accidental exposure to soil was 47%. In adults, dermal exposure to soil was 96% and the accidental exposure was 4%. The results of the present study indicated a significant, the carcinogenic risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in sediments of southern regions and soils of central regions of Iran is significant.

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