Line source estimation of environmental pollutants using super-Gaussian geometry model and Bayesian inference

2021 ◽  
pp. 110706
Author(s):  
Hongyuan Jia ◽  
Hideki Kikumoto
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Line Source ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Geometry Model ◽  
Source Estimation

Fast On-Line Source Term Estimation of Non-Constant Releases in Nuclear Accident Scenario Using Extended Kalman Filter

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Tricard ◽  
Sheng Fang ◽  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Jingyuan Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Line Source ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Accident Scenario ◽  
Source Estimation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Source Term Estimation

In nuclear accidents, source estimation methods can be used to assess the amount and status of radioactive materials emission, which is important for nuclear emergency response. Current studies primarily focus on source estimation of a constant release mode, which may not match real nuclear accident scenario. To solve this problem, a fast on-line source term estimation method for non-constant release mode was proposed in this study. Based on the well-established RIMPUFF dispersion model, the extended Kalman filter algorithm was utilized to perform an online estimation of the total amount and height of the release source simultaneously. To simulate the accidental radioactive release mode, a non-constant function was used as the state description of the release source. Both air dispersion model error and measurement error were considered. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, twin experiments were performed with release profiles. A sensitivity study was also performed to assess the robustness of the algorithm. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide robust source term estimation for both constant and non-constant release. The estimation accuracy depends on the steepness of the curve in the growth of the release mode and the distribution of simulated monitors.

Polychlorinated biphenyl induced hepatocyte alterations

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Brain

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).

Computers and Iatrocomplexities

1966 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Faer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Koch’S Postulates ◽  
Lung Malignancies ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Multiple Etiology ◽  
Great Advance

Developments of disease hypotheses and conceptions of disease as philosophic entities have shown bursts of great advance. One just concluded includes emergence of bacteriology and virology culminating in Koch’s Postulates, which in the twentieth century were primary bases for disease study and colored all approaches to medicine.With recent extraordinary advances in technology, medicine faces great new obligations demanding fresh approaches and untrammeled thinking for solution of problems posed. It is clear that any approach to diseases and disabilities induced by exposures to environmental pollutants must take multiple etiology into account. For example, contributing to causation of lung malignancies one must list usual dusts, radioactivity, smog, auto exhausts, cigarette smoke and genetic composition. Consideration of plural factors in genesis of environmentally associated disease leads to the hypothesis of the incremental insult, a complex and difficult conception in which must be included provision for multiple causative agents, each contributing but a fraction toward total etiology^ Computers developed to their present refinement provide necessary tools for whatever complexity required to spawn and fructify hypotheses of inter-relating associations of incremental insults leading to pathology.

ANALISIS PENGARUH TINGKAT VOLUME DAN JENIS KENDARAAN TERHADAP KONSENTRASI PARTICULATE MATTER (PM10) (STUDI KASUS: JL. SUTAN SYAHRIR, JL. AHMAD YANI DAN JL. KOM. YOS. SUDARSO KOTA PONTIANAK)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridwan Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Line Source ◽  
Data Volume

ABSTRAK Perkembangan Kota Pontianak yang semakin pesat, ditambah dengan perkembangan penduduk yang semakin meningkat, telah membuat sistem transportasi jalan raya mengalami tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi , salah satu dampak yang ditimbulkan adalah pencemaran udara perkotaan. Particulate Matter (PM10) merupakan salah satu bentuk zat pencemar yang disebabkan oleh sektor transportasi tersebutserta dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan khususnya pada sistem pernapasan. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat konsentrasi partikulat udara (Particulate Matter (PM10)) khususnya di Jalan Sutan Syahrir, Jalan Ahmad Yani dan Jalan Kom. Yos. Sudarso Jeruju Kota Pontianak. Ketiga lokasi penelitian tersebut dipilih untuk mewakili peruntukkan tata guna lahan yang berbeda yaitu Jalan Sutan Syahrir berlokasi di pinggiran kota, Jalan Jend. Ahmad Yani berlokasi di tengah kota, dan Jalan Kom. Yos. Sudarso Jeruju yang berlokasi di kawasan industri. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang didapat dari BLHD Provinsi Kalbar yaitu data volume kendaraan yang melintas pada ketiga jalan tersebut. Jenis-jenis kendaraan dibagi menjadi 4 golongan yaitu golongan 1 (sepeda motor), golongan 2 (sedan, angkot, pickup), golongan 3 (bis mikro, bis), golongan 4 (truck 2 as 4 roda, truck 2 as 6 roda, truck 3 as, truk 4 as, trailer).Metode penelitian yang digunakan terbagi menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu perhitungan (perhitungan beban laju emisi transportasi dan konsentrasi Particulate Matter (PM10) dengan rumus dispersi Gaussian untuk Line Source serta analisis korelasi data untuk memperoleh hubungan antara jumlah kendaraan dengan konsentrasi Particulate Matter (PM10) menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 16. Dari hasil analisis, bahwa jenis kendaraan golongan 1 memiliki kontribusi yang paling besar terhadap konsentrasi Particulate Matter (PM10) yaitu dengan konsentrasi terbesar yaitu 901425,466 dimana nilai konsentrasi tersebut melebihi Ambang Batas Baku Mutu Udara Ambien Nasional yaitu 150 , hal ini dikarenakan sepeda motor memiliki jumlah yang paling banyak apabila dibandingkan dengan kendaraan lain di ketiga jalan tersebut. Kendaraan golongan 2 memiliki jumlah terbanyak kedua diikuti dengan golongan 4 dan 3. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa jumlah kendaraan total memang mempengaruhi konsentrasi Particulate Matter (PM10) pada Jalan Sutan Syahrir, Jalan Jend. Ahmad Yani dan Jalan Kom. Yos Sudarso dilihat dari hasil korelasinya yang mendekati nilai 1 (positif kuat) yaitu 0,963 dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 16. Kata Kunci :Particulate Matter (PM10), Golongan Kendaraan, Korelasi.

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