Neurocognitive deficit in first-episode, drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S119
Author(s):  
S.N. Kim ◽  
T.Y. Lee ◽  
Y.B. Yoon ◽  
J.S. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Visual Spatial

ObjectiveObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common psychiatric chronic disorders (prevalence 2–3%) and has been associated with various neurocognitive impairment, including visual memory function. Although the relapse rate of OCD is highly considerable, little is known regarding the relationship between neurocognitive dysfunction and the chronicity of the illness, mainly because there are confounding factors as the medication effect. Therefore, we compared the difference of neurocognitive functions of the first-episode, medication-naive OCD patents to chronic, medication-naïve OCD patients.MethodWe defined the first-episode (FEOCD) if the illness duration was less than 3-year by DSM-IV criteria. Twenty-one FEOCD and 28 chronic OCD patients performed Korean version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (K-WAIS), the Trail Making Test (TMT). All the participants were medication-naïve.ResultsThere was no differences in the severity of illness (YBOCS), depressive symptoms (Hamilton depression rating scale), general anxiety symptoms (Hamilton anxiety rating scale). FEOCD group showed significant impairment on the block design subtest of the K-WAIS (P = 0.04, t = 1.294).ConclusionsThese results suggest that visual spatial cognitive dysfunction in patients with OCD may deteriorate as the untreated duration of illness get longer.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals A study of cognitive function in treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder treated with capsulotomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feilong Gong ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Shizhen Zhang ◽  
Xinjie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Refractory

OBJECTIVEAnterior capsulotomy (AC) is sometimes used as a last resort for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Previous studies assessing neuropsychological outcomes in patients with OCD have identified several forms of cognitive dysfunction that are associated with the disease, but few have focused on changes in cognitive function in OCD patients who have undergone surgery. In the present study, the authors investigated the effects of AC on the cognitive function of patients with treatment-refractory OCD.METHODSThe authors selected 14 patients with treatment-refractory OCD who had undergone bilateral AC between 2007 and 2013, 14 nonsurgically treated OCD patients, and 14 healthy control subjects for this study. The 3 groups were matched for sex, age, and education. Several neuropsychological tests, including Similarities and Block Design, which are subsets of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence; Immediate and Delayed Logical Memory and Immediate and Delayed Visual Reproduction, which are subsets of the Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised; and Corrects, Categories, Perseverative Errors, Nonperseverative Errors, and Errors, subtests of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, were conducted in all 42 subjects at baseline and after AC, after nonsurgical treatment, or at 6-month intervals, as appropriate. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was used to measure OCD symptoms in all 28 OCD patients.RESULTSThe Y-BOCS scores decreased significantly in both OCD groups during the 12-month follow-up period. Surgical patients showed higher levels of improvement in verbal memory, visual memory, visuospatial skills, and executive function than the nonsurgically treated OCD patients.CONCLUSIONSThe findings of this study suggest that AC not only reduces OCD symptoms but also attenuates moderate cognitive deficits.

Antiserotonergic antipsychotics are associated with obsessive–compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2361-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schirmbeck ◽  
C. Esslinger ◽  
F. Rausch ◽  
S. Englisch ◽  
A. Meyer-Lindenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Group I

BackgroundEpidemiological investigations show that up to 30% of schizophrenic patients suffer from obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) associated with negative impact on the general prognosis. It has been proposed that antiserotonergic second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) might induce OCS, but investigations of large samples integrating psychopathology, neuropsychology and psychopharmacology are missing.MethodWe stratified 70 patients with schizophrenia according to their mode of antipsychotic treatment: clozapine and olanzapine (group I) compared with aripiprazole and amisulpride (group II). The groups were matched according to age, sex, educational levels and severity of the psychotic disorder (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale). As the primary endpoint, we evaluated OCS severity (Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale).ResultsOCS were significantly more prevalent and severe in group I, in which OCS severity correlated with dosage of clozapine and duration of treatment. Pronounced cognitive deficits in group I were found in visuospatial perception and visual memory (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised block design, Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test), impulse inhibition (go/no-go test), higher perseveration scores (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) and reduced set-shift abilities (Trail Making Test Part B, Set-shift Task). These cognitive domains correlated with OCS severity.ConclusionsOCS in schizophrenia are associated with antiserotonergic SGA treatment, but longitudinal studies have to prove causality. Before starting treatment with antiserotonergic SGAs, specific neurocognitive domains should be evaluated, as visuospatial learning and impulse inhibition performance might allow early detection of OCS secondary to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 262-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Poyurovsky ◽  
V. Kris ◽  
G. Weisman ◽  
S. Hromnikov ◽  
V. Isakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenic ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

scholarly journals Abnormal resting-state brain activities in patients with first-episode obsessive-compulsive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Niu ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Xueqin Song ◽  
Congying Chu ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Benefit of Clomipramine-quetiapine Combination in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder with Non Response to Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors. Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Marian ◽  
B. Ionescu ◽  
D. Ghinea ◽  
N. Alina
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Affective Symptoms

Background:Patients who suffer of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience obsessive thoughts and/or urges to engage in compulsive behaviours. the condition causes severe discomfort and, in many cases, leads to serious impairment in social and work-related functioning.Although antipsychotic monotherapy has been associated with ineffectiveness and even increase of psychotic symptoms (especially in psychotic patients), antipsychotics as adjuvant to antidepressant medication have proven to be effective in several case series and pilot clinical trials.The objective of this case was to evaluate the effectiveness of clomipramine-quetiapine combination in OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors treatment patient.Method:23 years unemployed male was diagnosed with OCD after 1 year from onset and received 3 trials with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors at therapeutical doses, without any improvement and even more with worsening of affective associated symptoms. We managed this case by using a tricyclic antidepressant (clomipramine up to 100 mg/day) with an atypical antipsychotic (quetiapine up to 200 mg/day). We employed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Obsessive-Compulsive Checklist (OCC) and Hamilton Depression rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline, weekly for the first 2 months and monthly after (follow up 2 years).Results:Patient achieved a very fast and sustained improvement both in obsessive-compulsive and affective symptoms, which provided a very good social and work rehabilitation.Conclusion:Clomipramine-quetiapine combination may be a benefit for OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors and a safe strategy.

Duration of untreated illness and outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A naturalistic follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S323-S323
Author(s):  
V. Prisco ◽  
F. Perris ◽  
T. Iannaccone ◽  
M. Fabrazzo ◽  
F. Catapano
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

Duration of untreated illness (DUI) is a predictor of outcome in psychotic and affective disorders. Data available on DUI and its relationship with outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest an association between longer DUI and poorer treatment response. The present study investigated socio-demographic and clinical predictors of DUI and its association with long-term outcome in OCD patients. Eighty-three OCD outpatients were treated with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and prospectively followed-up for 3 years. Baseline information was collected on demographic and clinical characteristics using standard assessments. Each patient was assessed through the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID-I), the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders (SCID-II), the Yale-Brown obsessive–compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and the 17-item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HDRS). The DUI was explored by interviewing patients, family caregivers and clinicians. OCD subjects had a mean DUI of 7.3 (5.8) years. A younger age at onset and a greater severity of OCD symptoms at baseline were associated with a longer DUI. The DUI of patients with a “good outcome” was shorter than that of patients with a “poor outcome”. Logistic regression analysis revealed indeed a possible association between longer DUI and “poor outcome”. In the logistic multivariable model, the association of DUI with treatment outcome held true whilst controlling for socio-demographic and clinical variables.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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