Neurostimulation in alcohol dependence: The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain function and craving

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S59-S59
Author(s):  
J. Jansen ◽  
O. van den Heuvel ◽  
Y. van der Werf ◽  
S. De Wit ◽  
D. Veltman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Fmri Session

BackgroundAlcohol dependence has long been related to impaired processing and handling of negative emotions. This is the first study to compare emotion regulation (ER) at a behavioral and neural level in alcohol dependent patients (ADPs) and healthy controls (HCs). It also examines the effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on ER abilities and related craving levels in ADPs.MethodThirty-six ADPs and 32 HCs matched on age, sex, and education, were included in a within-subject fixed-order study with one functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session and one rTMS plus fMRI session, with high-frequency (10 Hz) rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). An fMRI emotion regulation task (ERT) was administered during both sessions and craving was measured before and after each ERT.ResultsADPs were impaired in the regulation of negative emotion and showed a higher activation of ER related brain areas compared to HCs. Furthermore, active rTMS improved ER abilities in both ADPs and HCs, but was accompanied by a decrease in anterior cingulate and left dlPFC activity only in ADPs. In addition, the ERT-induced increase in craving levels in ADPs was trend-significantly reduced by active rTMS, with a large effect size.ConclusionsADPs are impaired in the regulation of negative emotion and show enhanced neural activity in the ER brain circuit. High-frequency rTMS improves ER in ADPs and HCs and normalizes neural activity and tends to reduce craving in ADPs. Future studies are needed to test the long-term effects of (multiple session) rTMS on ER, craving, and drinking.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Anterior Cingulate Implant for Alcohol Dependence

Neurosurgery ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. E883-E893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Ridder ◽  
Patrick Manning ◽  
Paul Glue ◽  
Gavin Cape ◽  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Alcohol dependence is related to dysfunctional brain processes, in which a genetic background and environmental factors shape brain mechanisms involved with alcohol consumption. Craving, a major component determining relapses in alcohol abuse, has been linked to abnormal brain activity. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the results of a treatment-intractable, alcohol-addicted patient with associated agoraphobia and anxiety. Functional imaging studies consisting of functional magnetic resonance imaging and resting-state electroencephalogram were performed as a means to localize craving-related brain activation and for identification of a target for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and implant insertion. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex with a double-cone coil transiently suppressed his very severe alcohol craving for up to 6 weeks. For ongoing stimulation, 2 “back-to-back” paddle electrodes were implanted with functional magnetic resonance imaging neuronavigation guidance for bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex stimulation. Using a recently developed novel stimulation design, burst stimulation, a quick improvement was obtained on craving, agoraphobia, and associated anxiety without the expected withdrawal symptoms. The patient has remained free of alcohol intake and relieved of agoraphobia and anxiety for over 18 months, associated with normalization of his alpha and beta activity on electroencephalogram in the stimulated area. He perceives a mental freedom by not being constantly focused on alcohol. CONCLUSION: This case report proposes a new pathophysiology-based target for the surgical treatment of alcohol dependence and suggests that larger studies are warranted to explore this potentially promising avenue for the treatment of intractable alcohol dependence with or without anxiety and agoraphobia.

scholarly journals High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Could Improve Impaired Working Memory Induced by Sleep Deprivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Guo ◽  
Zhijun Jiang ◽  
Binghu Jiang ◽  
Morgan A. McClure ◽  
Qiwen Mu
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
The State ◽  
Response Accuracy

Objective. To investigate whether and how the working memory impairment induced by sleep deprivation (SD) could be recovered by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as well as to clarify the corresponding brain activity changes. Methods. Seventeen healthy adults received one session of 5.0 Hz rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) following 24 hours of SD. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and working memory test were performed during a rested waking period, after SD and rTMS. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was used to detect the spontaneous neural activity changes after both SD and rTMS. The relationship between ALFF and the performance of working memory was also assessed by using correlation analysis. Results. After SD, the participants exhibited lower response accuracies and longer reaction times on the working memory tests of letters and numbers. The decreased response accuracy of numbers was significantly improved after rTMS similarly to the state of the rested waking period after a normal night of sleep. ALFF values decreased from the rested waking period state to the state of SD in the brain regions involving the frontal gyrus, precuneus, angular gyrus, and parietal lobe which showed significantly increased ALFF after rTMS. Furthermore, significantly positive correlations were observed between changes of response accuracy and the changes of ALFF value of the inferior frontal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus. Conclusion. These results indicate that high-frequency rTMS applied over left DLPFC may contribute to the recovery of the impaired working memory after SD by modulating the neural activity of related brain regions.

scholarly journals The effect of bilateral high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive functions in schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 100183
Author(s):  
Mehmet Diyaddin Güleken ◽  
Taner Akbaş ◽  
Selime Çelik Erden ◽  
Veysel Akansel ◽  
Zeliha Cengiz Al ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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