Impact of Childhood Trauma on the Course of Panic Disorder

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of childhood trauma on the clinical course of panic disorder.MethodLongitudinal data of 539 participants with a current panic disorder were collected from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Childhood trauma was assessed with a structured interview and clinical course after two years with a DSM-IV-based diagnostic interview and the Life Chart Interview.ResultsAt baseline, 56.3% reported childhood trauma, but this was not predictive of persistence of panic disorder. Emotional neglect and psychological abuse were associated with higher occurrence of anxiety disorders other than panic disorder (social phobia) and with higher chronicity of general anxiety symptoms (anxiety attacks or episodes and avoidance). Baseline clinical features (duration and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms) and personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion) accounted for roughly 30 to 60% of the total effect of childhood trauma on chronicity of anxiety symptoms and on occurrence of other anxiety disorders.ConclusionAfter two years, childhood trauma is associated with chronicity of anxiety symptoms and occurrence of social phobia, rather than persistence of panic disorder. These relationships are partially accounted for by duration and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and neuroticism and extraversion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal investigation of the role of temperament and stressful life events in childhood anxiety

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579413000989 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 437-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Suzanne Broeren ◽

Carol Newall ◽

Helen F. Dodd ◽

Ruth Locker ◽

Jennifer L. Hudson

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Negative Life Events ◽

Childhood Anxiety ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Positive Behavior ◽

Stressful Life ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe current study investigated the longitudinal relationships among behavioral inhibition (BI), life events, and anxiety in a sample of 102 BI children and 100 behaviorally uninhibited (BUI) children aged 3 to 4 years. Children's parents completed questionnaires on BI, stressful life events, and anxiety symptoms, and were administered a diagnostic interview three times in a 5-year period. In line with our hypotheses, negative life events, particularly negative behavior-dependent life events (i.e., life events that are related to the children's own behaviors), and the impact of negative life events were predictive of increases in subsequent anxiety symptoms, the likelihood of having an anxiety disorder, and increased number of anxiety diagnoses over the 5-year follow-up period. Experiencing more positive, behavior-independent life events decreased the risk of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Furthermore, differences were found in life events between BI and BUI children. That is, BI children experienced fewer positive and specifically positive behavior-dependent life events, and the impact of these positive life events was also lower in BI children than in BUI children. However, BI did not interact with life events in the prediction of anxiety problems as hypothesized. Therefore, this study seems to indicate that BI and life events act as additive risk factors in the development of anxiety problems.

Download Full-text

Cross-cultural validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Portuguese and the development of a structured interview guide

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462006000300014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 212-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Flávia de Lima Osório ◽

José Alexandre de Souza Crippa ◽

Sonia Regina Loureiro

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Language Version ◽

General Evaluation ◽

Reliability Method ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Translation And Validation

OBJECTIVE: To present the translation and validation of the Brief Social Phobia Scale for use in Brazilian Portuguese, to develop a structured interview guide in order to systemize its use and to perform a preliminary study of inter-rater reliability. METHOD: The instrument was translated and adapted to Portuguese by specialists in anxiety disorders and rating scales. A structured interview guide was created with the aim of covering all of the items of the instrument and grouping them into six categories. Specialists in mental health evaluated the guide. These professionals also watched the videotaped interviews of patients with and without social anxiety disorders, and, based on the interview guide, they rated the scale to evaluate its reliability. RESULTS: No semantic or linguistic adjustments were needed. For the complete scale, the general evaluation showed a percentage of agreement of 0.84 and intraclass coefficient of 0.91. The mean inter-rater correlation was 0.84. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese-language version of the Brief Social Phobia Scale is available for use in the Brazilian population, with rather acceptable indicators of inter-rater reliability. The interview guide was useful in providing these values. Further studies are needed in order to improve the reliability and to study other psychometric properties of the instrument.

Download Full-text

THE EARLY BIRD GETS THE WORM, NOT ANXIETY OR DEPRESSION: HOW INSOMNIA SYMPTOMS PREDICT ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S45-S45

Author(s):

Courtney J Bolstad ◽

Anisha L Thomas ◽

Michael R Nadorff

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Early Bird ◽

The Impact ◽

Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Symptoms of insomnia are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults, yet less is known about the impact of specific forms of insomnia (i.e. onset, maintenance, and terminal insomnia). We explored how insomnia type predicted symptoms of anxiety and depression in older adults (n = 133; mean age 69, range 65-89). We hypothesized that onset and maintenance insomnia would have stronger relations to depression and anxiety than terminal insomnia. Regression analyses indicated that onset insomnia was the only significant predictor of anxiety symptoms, and maintenance was the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms. Thus, our findings suggest that despite overlap between depression and anxiety, insomnia may have different mechanisms of affecting each disorder. Implications for the treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms by addressing insomnia problems will be discussed.

Download Full-text

Fatigue in patients on oral targeted or chemotherapy for cancer and associations with anxiety, depression, and quality of life

Palliative & Supportive Care ◽

10.1017/s147895151900066x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 141-147

Author(s):

Hanneke Poort ◽

Jamie M. Jacobs ◽

William F. Pirl ◽

Jennifer S. Temel ◽

Joseph A. Greer

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Oral Treatment ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Severe Fatigue ◽

Patient Reported ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjectivesOral treatment (targeted or chemotherapy) for cancer is being increasingly used. While fatigue is a known side effect of intravenous chemotherapy, the rate of fatigue and the impact of fatigue on other patient-reported outcomes are not well described.MethodAt Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 180 adult patients prescribed oral targeted or chemotherapy for various malignancies enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of adherence and symptom management. Patients completed baseline self-reported measures of fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory; BFI), anxiety and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS), and quality of life, including subscales for physical, social, emotional, and functional well-being ([QOL] Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy — General; FACT-G). We examined clinically relevant fatigue using a validated cut-off score for moderate-severe fatigue (BFI global fatigue ≥4) and tested the associations with anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and QOL with independent samples t-tests.ResultsAt baseline, 45 of 180 participants (25.0%) reported moderate-severe fatigue. Fatigued patients experienced more anxiety symptoms (mean diff. 3.73, P < 0.001), more depressive symptoms (mean diff. 4.14, P < 0.001), and worse QOL on the total FACT-G score (mean diff. −19.58, P < 0.001) and all subscales of the FACT-G compared to patients without moderate-severe fatigue.Significance of resultsOne in four patients on oral treatment for cancer experienced clinically relevant fatigue that is associated with greater anxiety and depressive symptoms and worse QOL.

Download Full-text

Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in a Psychology Clinic

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/sjp.2015.82 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco J. Labrador ◽

Francisco J. Estupiñá ◽

Mónica Bernaldo-de-Quirós ◽

Ignacio Fernández-Arias ◽

Pablo Alonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Panic Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Average Cost ◽

Average Duration ◽

College Education ◽

Cost Of Treatment ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Not Otherwise Specified

AbstractPeople with anxiety disorders demand psychological attention most often. Therefore, it seems important to identify both the characteristics of the patients who demand help and the clinical variables related to that demand and its treatment. A cohort of 292 patients who requested help at a university clinical facility was studied. The typical profile of the patient was: being female, young, unmarried, with some college education, and having previously received treatment, especially pharmacological one. The three most frequent diagnoses of anxiety, which include 50% of the cases, were: Anxiety Disorder not otherwise specified, Social Phobia, and Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia. Regarding the characteristics of the intervention, the average duration of the assessment was 3.5 sessions (SD = 1.2), and the duration of the treatment was 14 sessions (SD = 11.2). The percentage of discharges was 70.2%. The average cost of treatment was around €840. The results are discussed, underlining the value of empirically supported treatments for anxiety disorders.

Download Full-text

Depression across pregnancy and the postpartum, antidepressant use and the association with female sexual function

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291718002040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (09) ◽

pp. 1490-1499 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Megan Galbally ◽

Stuart J. Watson ◽

Michael Permezel ◽

Andrew J. Lewis

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Sexual Functioning ◽

Perinatal Depression ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Partner Support ◽

Antidepressant Use ◽

Female Sexual Functioning ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundThere is an established relationship between depression and sexual functioning in women. However, there is limited research examining the relationship between perinatal depression and sexual functioning.MethodsThis study draws on the Mercy Pregnancy and Emotional Wellbeing Study and reports on 211 women recruited in early pregnancy and followed to 12 months postpartum. Women were assessed for depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, repeated measurement of depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and sexual functioning using the Female Sexual Functioning Inventory. Data were also collected on antidepressant use, mode of delivery, history of childhood trauma, breastfeeding and partner support.ResultsWomen showed a decline in sexual functioning over pregnancy and the first 6 months postpartum, which recovered by 12 months. For women with depression, sexual functioning was lower throughout pregnancy and continued to be lower at 6 months postpartum than those without depression. Ongoing depressive symptoms at 12 months were also associated with lower sexual functioning. Sexual functioning was not predicted by mode of delivery, antidepressant use or childhood trauma. Breastfeeding predicted lower sexual functioning only at 6 months. Higher partner support predicted higher female sexual functioning.ConclusionsPregnancy and the postpartum are a time of reduced sexual functioning for women; however, women with depression are more likely to have lower levels of sexual functioning and this was not predicted by antidepressant use. In women with perinatal depression, consideration of the impact on sexual functioning should be an integral part of care.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Depressive Symptoms and Traumatic Experiences on Quality of Life in Adults With ADHD

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054716654568 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 486-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Swantje Matthies ◽

Chiharu Sadohara-Bannwarth ◽

Sebastian Lehnhart ◽

Jan Schulte-Maeter ◽

Alexandra Philipsen

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

Objective: We assessed factors influencing quality of life (QoL) in adults with ADHD. Method: QoL, traumatic childhood experiences, and depression were assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively, in 60 adult ADHD outpatients and 60 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Emotional neglect or abuse had occurred significantly more often during childhood in adults with ADHD. Depressive symptoms were rated significantly higher by ADHD patients. QoL was significantly lower in adults with ADHD, and the variables depression, ADHD symptom severity, and traumatic load, accounted for ~60% of variance in overall QoL. Conclusion: QoL is significantly reduced in adult ADHD patients. Depressive symptoms and traumatic childhood experiences influence QoL. Treatment for adult ADHD patients should take the high interdependence of depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and QoL into consideration.

Download Full-text